Term
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Definition
Cardium=Heart
Myo=Muscle
Heart Muscle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Myocytes are (+ or -) at rest but when (polarized or depolarized) the interiors become (+ or -) and contract |
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Definition
| Negative, depolarized, Positive |
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Term
| What causes the depolarization of the myocardium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Atrial depolarization is represented by a |
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Definition
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Term
| Ventricular depolarization is represented by a |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does the QRS complex look like a triangle? |
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Definition
| As the + wave depolarization flows toward a positive electrode on the skin an positive (upward) deflection is recorded on the EKG |
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Term
| The Heart's dominant pacemaker |
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Definition
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Term
| The generation of pacemaking stimuli is |
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Definition
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Term
| What initiates depolarization? |
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Definition
| The SA node initiates a wave of depolarization (positive charge) that spreads outward, stimulating the artia to contract as the circular wave advances |
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Term
| Which area of the heart contracts first? |
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Definition
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Term
| Simultaneous contraction of the atria forces the blood they contain to pass through the... |
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Definition
| Atrio-Ventricular (AV) valves between the atria and the ventricles |
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Term
| What are the responsibilities of the AV valves? |
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Definition
- Prevent blood backflow to the atria
- Electrically insulate the ventricles from the atria
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Term
| What is the only conducting path between the atria and the ventricles? |
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Definition
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Term
| The tricuspid valve is located where? |
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Definition
| Seperating the right atrium from the right ventricle |
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Term
| The mitral valve is located where? |
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Definition
| Seperating the left atrium from the left ventricle |
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Term
| Describe the pathway of blood through the right side of the heart |
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Definition
| Oxygen-depleted venous blood enters the right atrium. Atrial contraction forces blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, which pumps it into the lungs |
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Term
| Where does the blood go which is pumped from the right ventricle? |
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Definition
| From the right ventricle the under-oxygenated blood goes through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery and thence to the lungs |
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Term
| Describe the pathway of blood through the left side of the heart |
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Definition
| Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium, which contracts to force blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps blood through the aorta to the body |
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Term
| Where does blood go which is pumped through the left ventricle? |
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Definition
| From the muscular left ventricle oxygenated blood goes through the aortic valve into the aorta and then into the body |
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Term
| What causes the pause after the P wave? |
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Definition
| When the wave of atrial depolarization enters the AV node, depolarization slows, allowing time for the blood in the atria to enter the ventricles |
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Term
| Slow conduction through the AV node is carried by... |
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Definition
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Term
| Depolarization conducts slowly through the...since it is carried by slow-moving... |
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Definition
| AV Node, Ca (Calcium) ions |
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Term
| Depolarization shoots rapidly through the ventricular conduction system beginning in the...and the... |
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Definition
| His Bundle, Left and Right bundle branches |
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Term
| The His Bundle and both Bundle Branches are made up of... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The rapid conduction of the His bundle and the right and left bundle branches use... |
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Definition
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Term
| The first downward deflection of the ventricular contraction, this wave is often absent on and EKG |
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Definition
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Term
| Any downward wave PRECEDED by an upward wave is an... |
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Definition
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Term
| Following the QRS complex there is a segment of horizontal baseline known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the 3 most important characteristics of the ST semgemt |
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Definition
- It is horizontal
- It is flat
- It is level with other areas of the baseline (elevated or depressed ST segments usually indicate serious pathology)
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Term
| Rapid ventricular repolarization is represented by... |
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Definition
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Term
| Repolarization is accomplished by... |
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Definition
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Term
| The...represents ventricular activity (depolarization and repolarization) |
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Definition
| the QT interval. [Depolarization begins with the Q wave (through the R and S waves) and repolarization begins during the ST segment and ends with the T wave] |
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Term
| Long QT intervals are vulnerable to.. |
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Definition
| Rapid ventricular rhythms |
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Term
| Describe a normal cardiac cycle |
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Definition
- P Wave - contraction of the atrium inititated from the SA node and accomplished through Na+ ions
- Slight pause as the blood flows through the atrial valves and into the AV node. Slow conduction through the AV node is carried by Ca++ ions
- Depolarization rapidly shoots through the His bundle and the R/L bundle branches through Na+ ions
- QRS - contraction (depolarization) of the ventricles
- ST Segment - horizontal, level segment following the QRS complex; beg of ventricular repolarization
- T Wave - final ventricular repolarization accomplished through K+ ions
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Term
| The release of Na+ ions into the interiors of the myocytes produces myocardial |
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Definition
| Depolarization / Contraction |
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Term
| Following depolarization, repolarization is due to outflow of... |
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Definition
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Term
| AV node conduction is due to... |
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Definition
| Slow moving Ca++ (Calcium) ions |
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Term
| What are the dimensions of each square on EKG graph paper? |
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Definition
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Term
| EKG graph paper is broken into...squares |
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Definition
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Term
| The deflection of am EKG wave is the... |
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Definition
| Direction in which it records; upward deflection (+) or downward deflection (-) |
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Term
| The horizontal axis on EKG paper represents... |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of time represented by the distance between two heavy black lines is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Each small square on EKG paper represents...(time) |
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Definition
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Term
| Limb leads are placed where? |
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Definition
| On the right arm, left arm, and left leg |
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Term
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Definition
| Lead I is horizontal from the L arm + electrode to the R arm - electrode |
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Term
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Definition
| L arm - electrode connects to the L leg + electrode |
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Term
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Definition
| Right arm - electrode connects to the left foot + electrode |
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Term
Label the correct leads and their charges
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| AVF uses the L foot (+) electrode and both the R and L arm (-) electordes |
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Term
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Definition
| Augmented Voltage Left Foot |
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