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| includes mountains, rivers, valleys, deserts, climate and fertility of soil |
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| the shape and elevation of surface features, such as mountains or deserts, of a place or region |
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| Three important environmental factors in Egypt |
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| water, topography, and vegetation |
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| the plants of a place or region |
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| the longest river in the world,flowing through eastern Africa to a delta in Northeaastern Egypt. |
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| a society along the Nile River south of Egypt, from about 2000 BCE to 350 BCE |
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| Mediterranean Sea/ Great Sea |
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| a body of water north of Africa |
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| a land northeast of Egypt, settled by the ancient Israelites, from about 1800 bce to 70 ce. |
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| a river in southwestern Asia that flows from Lebanon mountains, south through the Sea of Galilee, into the Dead Sea |
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| helped establish the Pharoh (figure) as a central authority, declared himself a God. Built the Great Pyramid took 20 years |
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| Ruled during the Middle Kingdom, strong leader unified Egypt. Art, literature, and architecture flourished during his reign. Especially religious architecture. 1971-1926 bce |
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| First female ruler. New kingdom, art and architecture also flourished under her rule. She was known for encouraging trade. Her biggest trade was to the African Kingdom of Punt. She had the Great Temple of Dayral-Bahri built. She reigned from 1473-1458 bce |
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| Called Ramses the Great. Reigned for almost 60 years. Longer than almost any other Pharoh. He was a skilled military leader his campaigns were against the Hittite Empire. Ramses the Great was also known for the first peace treaty which is a written agreement for peace. Also built many monuments including the temple at Abu Simbel. |
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| a group in society that is ranked by factors such as wealth, property and rights |
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| a person who does farm work for wealthy land owners |
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bottom to top
peasants, artisans, scribes, priests, government officials, pharoh |
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| a symbol used in heirglyphics, a system of writing developed around 3000 bce |
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June- Sept The flooding Season
October- Planting Season
March- Harvest |
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| a city on the Nile River that became the center of Kushite culture and industry |
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| a family or group that rules for several generation |
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| Powerful female leader who co-ruled Kush with her husband and sons |
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| Judaisms most sacred text consisting of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible. Also called the five books of Moses |
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| an early name for the Jewish people |
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| 1st religion to worship only 1 God |
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| an inderited or customary pattern of thought, action or behavior |
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| the Isrealites Kingdom, divided about 930 bce into 2 kingdoms Judah and Isreal |
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| led his people out of slavery |
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| the state of a person who is treated as property |
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| the Holiest city of the Jews; capital of the ancient kingdoms of Isreal and then Judah |
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| the escape of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt to freedom (Moses) |
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| 10 laws and teachings said to have been given to Moses by God |
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| interprets the Hebrew bible also called the Tanakh |
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| a set of moral principles |
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| banish or expel from ones country or home |
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| the scattering of the Jewish people outside their homeland about 586 bce |
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| an ancient city in Isreal that became a center for Jewish learning |
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