Term
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Definition
| travel through the interstitial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
occurs in the mitochondria
makes ATP via substrate level phosphorylation |
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Term
| to communicate in a homeostatic control system.. |
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Definition
neurotransmitters can travel via the interstitial fluid
cytokines can travel via the plasma
endocrines can travel via the plasma,
and juxtacrines can travel via the physical touching of cells |
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Term
| a cell placed in a solution's volumes begins increasing therefore.. |
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Definition
| the solution is hypotonic and an osmotic pressure is not created |
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Term
| overall cell metabolism equation |
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Definition
Equation 2
the product exclusively attributed to oxidative phosphorylation activity is H20 |
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Term
| During the hot summer months, your set point for body temperature is increased so that slightly less energy can be spent cooling the body. This alteration is an example of.. |
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Definition
acclimatization to a warmer environment and
proactive action before a disturbance from steady state |
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Term
| The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a transmembrane protein that, when bound by a compound called acetylcholine, changes its conformation to allow sodium to move through it and across the plasma membrane.. Therefore the receptor can be classified as.. |
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Definition
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Term
| You have two fluid-filled compartments (A and B) that contain equal volumes of water and are separated by a sliding membrane that is permeable to water and sodium. To increase the rate of sodium diffusion from compartment A toward compartment B, you should.. |
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Definition
-add more sodium ions into compartment A
-decrease the thickness of the membrane between the compartments
-add more water to compartment B |
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Term
| Due to disease, a friend had a quarter of her liver removed. Although her prognosis is for a full recovery, she does not understand how she can live with only a fraction of her liver. You correctly tell her that it is because.. |
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Definition
| the redundancy of the components within her liver and, unlike her heart, her liver has multiple functional units. |
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Term
| Correct statements about how the three main categories of extracellular messengers could be regrouped are.. |
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Definition
that paracrine and neurotransmitter could be combined because only they use the interstitial fluid
endocrine and neurotransmitter could be combined because neurons release the majority of them. |
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Term
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Definition
allow water tro move across the plasma membrane
allow water to move with its gradient
allow for movement into or out of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
designed to beable to readily move across the plasma membrane in order to be quickly absorbed
these compounds should be hydrophobic-lipophilic-nonpolar and small. |
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Term
| if you were to remove oxygen from a cell the first process to be inhibited would be.. |
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Definition
| the electron transport chain |
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Term
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Definition
| macrophage-like for immune |
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Term
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Definition
| eliminate neurotransmitters |
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Term
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Definition
| When a cell’s membrane potential is becoming more negative but is still greater than the resting potential |
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Term
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Definition
-change in the membrane potential are a form of electrical signal
-occupy a small region of the plasma membrane
-local change in ion flow |
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Term
| For a cell to increase the likelihood of receiving lipophobic messages it should.. |
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Definition
| exocytose its membrane-bound receptors |
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Term
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Definition
they bind polar ligands
the ligand staysin the interstitial fluid
their activation can result in protein synthesis
their ligands do not need a plasma binding protwin |
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Term
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Definition
it is a coutertransporter
it is a membrane0bound transporter
it directly requires the catabolism of ATP
it moves both sodium and potassium against their gradients |
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Term
| ATP will be used to complete the transport in.. |
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Definition
| both exo/endocytosis and both types of active transport |
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Term
| When the alpha subunit of a G protein is released and interacts with the effector protein... |
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Definition
| GTP is converted to GDP and Pi and energy and the effector protein opens or activates. |
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Term
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Definition
primary active transport uses ATP directly
cotransport has the two things moving in the same direction,
secondary active transport has one of its ions moving with its concentration gradient |
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Term
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Definition
that it indicates the voltage (i.e., electrical) gradient across the cell membrane
it is the sum of the equilibrium potentials for all ions |
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Term
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Definition
they remove potassium from around the neurons
they regulate the blood-brain barrier
they are extremely important in fetal and early childhood |
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Term
| An ion has a higher concentration outside of a typical cell.. |
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Definition
| When it’s ion-channel is opened in the plasma membrane, the ion will have an undeterminable direction of diffusion because we do not know its charge |
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Term
| Correct statements about neurons.. |
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Definition
that dendrites and collaterals increase the surface area of a neuron
axons typically deliver information to effector cells such as glands
smaller and more numerous glial cells support larger and less numerous neurons |
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