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| a biological community plus all or the abiotic factors incluencing that community |
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| the study of the realtionships between organisms and the environment; Focuses on the capturea and cycling of energy and matter |
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| a plant, such as an aorchid, that grows on the surface of another plant but is not parasitic |
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collections of communities, patches; focus on how the distribution of plants in patches affect ecosystems or community processes |
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| organisms that interact with each other; populations of 2 or more interacting species |
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| this looks at the groups of individuals that interbreed in a community |
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| this looks at the interaction of individuals with their environment |
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This is a theory of looking at things on the same spatial and temporal scale; Was spearheaded by Tim Allen who improved this experimental side of ecology |
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this concerns the idea of building from the bottom up |
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this looks at the interactions of living organisms with the real world environment and compare treatments ( usually a control), manipulating one or more variables, have a testable hypothesis, have randomization as well as be repeatable |
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- the dry weight of dead tissues |
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| the dry weight of all the living tissues |
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- trees or plants that are dead but still standing in an area |
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- the settling of dust particles from the air |
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- population in a particular habitat that grows best in that particular habitat |
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| dam across a stream channel that is built by retaining sand, gravel, driftwood or other debris |
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| a gradual change in one or more variables across space and time |
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- the flow of water down the trunk or stem of plant |
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- the furthest layer of water that light can penetrate |
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| a water plants that sticks halfway out of the water |
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| (long term ecological research): sites where large-scale ecological experiments are preformed |
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| area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place |
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- all of the live material, like in a forest, in biomass excluding the roots |
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- nutrient rich bodies of water |
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| nutrient poor bodies of water |
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| a cycle where one individual goes through its lifecycle and is replaced with another; can be used with nutrients |
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- materials that are captures and or used up by one organism |
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- something like humidity, temperature, etc.; is a factor in the environment |
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- the accumulation of biomass by autotrophs |
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| the accumulation of biomass by heterotrophs |
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| a resource such as water, nitrogen or sunlight that inhibits/ controls the developments of a population or organism. |
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| bacteria that live in the roots of most legumes that pull nitrogen out the air and turn it into usable nitrates |
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- a man-made process that uses high voltage to convert N2 into NO3 as opposed to the natural way which uses lightning thermocline |
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| where cold water at the bottom of the ocean swells up and moves and mixes with the warmer water at the top |
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| a biome that is associated with a Mediterranean climate; it is dry and has shrubs/bushes but more trees than a savanna |
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| the underlying rock under a watershed that is sealed tight |
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| a v-shaped object placed in the earth to measure the flow of water out of a given area |
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| a version of logging where trees are selectively cut down and then attached to cable to be removed |
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- a cyclical movement motivated by seasonal or weather conditions |
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| by Hank Sugart, Mac Post, Bob O’Neil and Darryl West which used computer simulations to see how the forest would change and look over time while focusing on canopy gaps |
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- a computer simulation of a forest |
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| when a tree dies, it no longer shades the ground beneath it and thus there is a gap; this is a disturbance because it allow sunlight to reach the forest floor |
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| individual patches that change over time but the distribution of patch type stays the same |
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| a type of agriculture where the oil is not stirred up and plants are harvested by cutting down the stalks and letting the rest decompose into the soil |
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| a legume and common weed that occurs in no-till areas that also fixes nigtrogen |
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| an aquatic fern that fixes nitrogen ( takes N2 out of the air and makes it into NO2) |
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| logging where bare tree trunks are taken form the site whereas limbs and leftovers remain |
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- logging where the whole tree is removed from the site which allows for easier soil erosion and less nutrients from the dead leaves and branches |
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| these connect patches with sub-standard habitats |
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| patches are contained whereas zones are in strips where they is more movement side to side. |
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| an area between high and low tide where organisms that mussels and barnacles can live |
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| the existence of habitat zones along elevational gradients |
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| an “island” of peat that becomes a real island when threes grow through the water and take root in the ground below |
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| an area out of the water but used to water being splashed in it |
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