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| water that constantly moves among the oceans, atmosphere, solid earth, and the biosphere |
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| when water turns from a liquid to a gas |
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forming a cloud- gas turns to a liquid
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| the movemnt of surface water into rock or soil through cracks and pore spaces |
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| the slope or steepness of a stream channel |
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| volume of water that is passing through the river at a certain time |
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| body of water that feeds into a larger body of water |
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| occurs as streamflow drops below the critical setting velocity of a certain particle size |
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| the land area that contributes water to a stream |
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| an imaginary line that separates the drainage basins of the stream from another |
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| upper level of the zone of saturation |
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| percentage of pore staces, determines how much groundwater can be stored |
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| ability to transmit water through connected pore spaces |
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| permeable rock layers or sediments that transmits groundwater freely |
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| ground surface and water table intersect |
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| naturally formed underground chamber, made from limestone and carbonic acid |
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| traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years- movement of our axis |
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| less than half is visible |
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| more than half is visible |
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| the time in janurary when earth is closest to the sun |
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| the time in july when earth is fartherst from the sun |
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| the point at which the moon is closest to the earth |
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| the point at which the moon is fartherst from earth |
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| the concept that processes that have shaped earth in the past are essentially the same as those operating today |
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| undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, ecah bed is older than the one above it |
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| principle of relative dating layers of sediments are generally deposited in a horizontal position |
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| cross-cutting relationships |
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Definition
| a rock or fault is younger than any rock or fault through which it cuts |
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| a surface that represents a break in the rock record, caused by erosion or lack of deposition |
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| procedure of calculating absolute ages of rock |
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| pipe that leads to surface of the earth from the magma chamber |
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| broad gently sloping, built from basaltic lavas, largest and least explosive |
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| small volcano built primarily of pyroclastic material ejected from a single vent |
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| volcano compsed of both lava flows and pyroclastic material- most explosive |
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| mudflow created when ice and snow melt at the summit of volcanoes during an eruption |
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| large depression typically caused by collapse or ejection of the summit area of a volcano |
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| intrusive igneous structure that results from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath the surface of earth |
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Definition
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
TODAY SARAH MADE TACOS |
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| Bottom layer, where temp decreases with an increase in altitude- where weather takes place |
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| characterized by increasing temps with height |
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| characterized by decreasing temps with height |
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| characterized by increasing temps due to absorption of short wave energy by oxygen |
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| high elevation, wispy and feathery looking, indicates future rain |
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| the number of water vaper particles leaving the surface balances the number returning- 100% humidity |
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| shows all 3 types of seismic waves- record surface waves, p waves, and s waves |
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| meausre of the amount of earthquake shaking at a given location based on damage |
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| derived from the amount of displacement that occurs along a fault zone |
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| rigid outer layer of earth, including the crust and upper mantle |
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| weak plastic layer of the mantle situated below the lithosphere; rock within this zone is easily deformed |
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| where two plates move apart- constructive |
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| where two plates grind past eachother w\e production or destruction of the lithosphere |
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| a surface feature in the seafloor produced by the decsending plate during subduction |
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| deep faulted structures found along the axes of divergent plate bounderies |
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| form in part by volcanic activity caused by the subduction of oceanic lithosphere |
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| natural remnant magnetism in rock bodies; this permanent magnetization can be used to determine location of poles |
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| layer of rock and mineral fragments that covers most of earths land surface |
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| an acculmution of rock debris at the base of a cliff |
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| reducing pressure on a rock surface allowing slbs of outer rock to break off in layers |
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| layer of soil that has identifiable characteristics produced by chemical weathering and other soil forming processes |
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| downward slipping of a mass of rock or unconsolidated material moving as a unit along a curved surface |
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| inorganic crystalline material with a unique chemical composition |
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| tendency of a mineral to break along a flat even surface |
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| minerals do not show cleavage when broken |
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| molten rock cools and hardens into a mineral |
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| most common group of minerals- made of silcon and oxygen |
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| when magma or lava solidifies |
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| rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or fluids |
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