Term
| What are two processes responsible for changing sediments into sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
Compaction and
Cementation |
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Term
What type of rock is produced by magma that cools deep below the earth’s crust? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the size and arrangement of crystalline grains in igneous rock called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an indication of crystal size in an igneous rock? |
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Definition
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Term
| An igneous rock with a mixture of large and small grains is said to have what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What forms the core of many major mountain ranges? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of organic sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| A rock composed of cemented, rounded pebbles is called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The layering of sedimentary rock with coarse grains at the bottom and fine grains at the top is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ripple marks in sandstone may form by the action of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ripple marks in rocks are formed by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Regional metamorphism occurs as a result of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does most metamorphic rock form? |
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Definition
| Deep in the Earth's surface |
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Term
| What is an example of a metamorphic rock? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of type of mechanical weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| Weathering in which thin sheets of rock flake off the surface is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a rock that weathers most rapidly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a mineral that is most resistant to weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| What best accounts for the damage to Cleopatra’s Needle after being moved to New York City? |
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Definition
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Term
| What climatic conditions are most likely to cause accelerated weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| What climatic conditions are most likely to cause accelerated weathering |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of Earth material contains particles large enough to be felt but too small to be seen easily? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an unstable movement of rock and soil along a curved slope is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What farming method involves the construction of steplike ridges that follow the contour of a sloped field? |
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Definition
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Term
| The main parts of the water cycle are evapotranspiration, precipitation, and what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What describes the trend in the water movement pattern going from the equator to the poles? |
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Definition
| Evapotranspiration decreases |
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Term
| What is an artificial means of producing fresh water from ocean water? |
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Definition
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Term
| The process of removing salt from ocean water is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for the main stream and tributaries of a river? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is a water gap created? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can a river can be rejuvenated? |
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Definition
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Term
| As a river passes from a youthful to a mature stage, it does what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a river become rejuvenated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Alluvial fans and deltas have similar what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The water table forms the upper surface of the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The capillary fringe lies within the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The feature found where a secondary water table is separated from the main water table by a layer of impermeable rock is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are characteristics of ground water? |
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Definition
| Recyclable, recharged by precipitation, can be used again |
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Term
| What is it called when pesticides and fertilizers seep into soil? |
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Definition
| Groundwater contamination |
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Term
| What is often the source of water in a desert oasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| A cap rock is the top layer of impermeable rock that is exposed in what formation? |
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Definition
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Term
| The substance that forms cone-shaped cavern features is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| For an ordinary well to function properly, it must penetrate deep into rock or sediment that is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is most likely to be produced as a result of the process of chemical weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| Karst topography occurs in regions that have experienced large amounts of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ground feature would most likely be found in an area that has karst topography? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Earth features form because of pressure on the surface of glaciers? |
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Definition
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Term
| As the latitude of snowlines moves from the equator to the poles, the elevation of snowlines do what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ice in a glacier moves down slope in response to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What formation is formed by the joining of arêtes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glacial meltwater usually appears milky because of the presence in the water of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Today the Great Lakes drain through what? |
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Definition
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Term
| One condition thought to be necessary to cause an ice age is what? |
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Definition
| Lowered global temperatures |
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Term
| The small, closely packed rocks left behind by deflation are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A crescent-shaped dune that has an open side facing the wind is called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Isolated columns of rock that result from ocean wave action on rock projections near shore are called sea what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A nearly level platform left just below the surface of the water as waves erode the shoreline is called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Many Florida beaches consist of fragments of shells and what ocean organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sand deposits that connect islands are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The coastal glacial valleys that become flooded as sea level rises are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average rate of how fast the sea level is now rising? |
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Definition
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Term
| The rising of the lithosphere can be the result of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Large-scale movements of the earth’s crust are probably causing the east coast of the United States to do what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms that build coral reefs always live where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Approximately what percentage of the land in the United States is coastal? |
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Definition
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Term
| One-tenth of the shellfish-producing waters of the United States have been destroyed by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of front generally has a gradual slope and produces heavy precipitation over large areas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Large, low-pressure storm centers that form along polar fronts and influence weather in the middle latitudes are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lightning causes a rapid expansion and collapse of the air that produces what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of storm is the shortest-lived and has the highest wind-speed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of instrument is used to measure temperature changes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What weather instrument carries mounted cameras designed to photograph the tops of clouds in the uppermost layers of the atmosphere? |
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Definition
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