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| The scientific study of the ocean and seas. |
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| A U.S. Navy officer who conducted one of the first modern ocean studies in the mid-1800s. He used the logbooks of the U.S. Navy captains to compile charts of ocean currents and winds. |
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| The Physical Geography of the Sea |
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| A book by U.S. Navy officer Matthew F. Maury, where he published his findings on ocean currents and winds. |
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| The British ship where the first large-scale ocean research project took place in 1872. |
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| A scientific instrument that collects sediment samples. |
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| A scientific instrument that measures ocean depth. |
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| A research vessel that includes a four-story laboratory used to study samples ranging from rocks to bacteria. |
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| DSV (Deep Submersible Vehicle) Alvin |
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| A famous research vehicle that is a three-person mini-submarine. It has explored deep-sea trenches, hydrothermal vents, and the sunken ship Titanic. |
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| A robotic mini-sub. Outfitted with cameras and lights, it can view areas of the deep ocean that are inaccessible to humans. |
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| Floats on the ocean surface, takes specific measurements, and relays data to scientists via satellites. |
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