Term
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Definition
| small pieces of DNA containing genes resistant to drugs taken up by bacteria from the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| reisstance genes transferred from one bacterium to another via bacteriofage |
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Term
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Definition
| conjugation: drug resistance genes in plasmid tranferred from one cell to another, via pilus |
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Term
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Definition
| allows resistance to move between plasmid and chromosomal DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| each one contains genes for resistance to a particular drug, but no conjugative transfer elemetns. They replicate though . Located on plasmids |
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Term
| resistance transfer factors |
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Definition
| mediate gene transfer via conjugation |
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Term
| decreased intracellualr drug level |
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Definition
| decreased drug entry (sulfonamides, flucytosine), , increased efflux (tetracyclines and macrolides) |
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Term
| increased inactivation of drug |
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Definition
| b lactamases on penicillin, chloramepnicol,prevents 50s subunit binding. Aminoglycoside modifying enzymes |
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Term
| decreased conversion of drug to more active compound |
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Definition
| flucytosine: decreased conversion of Fu to FUMP. |
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Term
| Increased concentration of normal metabolite antagonizing drug action. |
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Definition
| flucytosien resistance : increased production of uirdine . Sulfonamide: icnreased synthesis fo PABA |
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Term
| decreased affinity of receptor of the drug |
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Definition
| trimethoprim resistance, erythromycin resistance and 50s subunit , streptomycin resistance 30s sbunit. |
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Term
| decreased activiy of an enzyem requried toexpress the drug effect. (enzyme is unaltered by the drug but is requried for the dru\ to exert cytotoxic effect) |
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Definition
| vancoymycin (vanhax operon produces enzymes that produce d-ala-lactate) |
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