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| Final home of the Caliphate during the early Islamic Empire |
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| The first of the major universities. Focus on law |
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| Major monastic movement that sought to place the whole feudal way of the monasteries under the Pope |
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| First crusade and the only victory |
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| Reform minded medieval thinker John Wycliffe |
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| Constantine made Christianity legal |
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| Constantine’s great victory |
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| The ending of the investiture conflict |
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| This council called the First Crusade |
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| Ending the of the Great Schism |
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| Innocent III Major doctrinal statement of the middle ages |
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| All of Europe was actually thinking of reform in some way. The church must be reformed “in head and in members” |
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| Earliest council that dealt with Arius |
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| Major reformation council of the Roman Catholic Church |
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| Original major monastic order of medieval Europe |
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| Preaching and defending the faith |
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| Primacy of faith to primacy of jurisdiction (what territories the Pope has authority) |
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| Investiture Conflict(conflict between who determins who the bishops are) |
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| Innocent's II nephew who systematized canon law |
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| Crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans |
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| Cesare Borgia is his son. Turned Vatican into a Brothel - He had both Mistresses and Children(not supposed to happen). Give papacy to his sons |
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| Pope during the time of Luther |
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| The Pope ending of the Great Schism. Council of Constance |
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| Fought Pepin and the Pope over who should be the true ruler of the Franks |
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| Monk who is truly a solitary |
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| Basic structure of Roman Imperial buildings |
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| Using cultural ideas to change faith. In doctrinal discussion seeking to be faithful to scripture when it’s used |
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| The Church putting it’s faith into words |
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| Christ only appeared as a human hologram. Antimaterial |
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| Preserves unity of God but got rid of the Trinity. Modelists. |
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| Jesus was the adopted son of God. |
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| Jesus was the first creation (difficulty saying that Jesus was more than a simple creature) |
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| The similar essence of God vs the same essence of God |
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| Knowing something because it has been revealed to us. |
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| Founder of the solitary Anchoritic monks. |
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| Great defender of the Nicene Creed and the deity of Christ |
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| Emphasized the Holy Spirit in the Nicene Creed. |
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| Notes a distinction between himself and the apostles. |
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| Excommunicated Theodosius. The Emperor is under the Church. Bishops should live in the Empire but be of the Church. |
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Arianism
Christ is a creature. There was a time when he was not. |
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| One of the first to present a systematic explanation of the faith and write up a basic creedal statement. |
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| Merging of Greek and Roman and praise of Constantine for his role |
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| First great apologist (defender of the faith) |
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| Founder of communal monasticism |
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| First of great writers in Latin. Stated the doctrine of the Trinity long before Nicaea |
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| Makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire |
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| Augustine on good and evil |
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| Evil is a lack or turning aside from good |
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Augustine’s vision in
City of God |
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| Societal transformation and creating Christendom based on the vision of a man concerned with God’s plan in history and Christians being agents of change. |
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| Meteor - Black Rock in Mecca |
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| Prayer,Almsgiving,Fasting during Ramadan,Pilgrimage to Mecca,There no god but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet |
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Majority of Muslims are Sunnis. “Following the way”
Shiites is the party of Ali. |
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| Manorialism & Early Feudalism |
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| Dominant societal and economic way of life where everything is a set of fealty arrangements. Pyramid |
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| Leader of the first sack of Rome |
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| An English monk who developed Carolingian Minuscule and helped Charlemagne lead the Carolingian Renaissance |
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| Helped to keep the light of learning and evangelism alive through his monastic vision |
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| Anglo Saxon who evangelized in Germany |
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| First emperor of the Holy Roman Empire |
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| Won a decisive victory against Muslims and stemmed their advance out of Spain |
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| First to enter into an Orthodox relationship with the Pope |
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| Greatest of the Byzantine Emperors |
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| Deposed the last Western Roman Emperor. |
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| Great evangelistic movement in Ireland |
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| Won a victory for the Pope who then helped him become the first of the New Dynasty rulers of the Franks. Charles Martel’s son and Charlemagne’s father |
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| Wrote a treaty on the Lord’s Supper stating it is completely transubstantiation |
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| Said the Lord’s Supper is both spiritual and actual feeding, setting forth the views of Luther and Calvin |
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| Goth who wrote to the byzantine emperor to say he would help rule the west |
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| Dominant power during the Second Middle Ages |
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| This people was a problem for the popes so they asked the Franks for help |
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| Slavic group from eastern Europe that raided… |
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| Took Britain from the Britons |
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| Germanic migrations that eventually effect North Africa |
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| “Invaders” of northern Europe |
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| The initial sackers of Rome |
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| Systematic structuring of the laws of the Church and the pope’s authority, encompassing all of the human condition |
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1st Crusade - Taking back of Jerusalem
2nd Crusade - Sack of Constantinople |
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| It really was a sacrifice and a part of the way God brought the forgiveness of sins. |
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| The controversy over who appoints bishops |
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| Brace is brought into the person through the sacrament |
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| Thomas Aquinas’s proof of the existence of God through the five ways: Motion, Causality, Designer, Contingency, Degrees of Perfection |
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| Papacy in the early church |
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| Primacy of honor and dignity |
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| Papacy in the early medieval church |
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| Primacy of dignity and honor |
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| Papacy in the high middle ages |
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| Going along with the infusion understanding, for one to receive grace given in the Eucharist correctly, one must first go to this |
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| Priestly mediation in religion |
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| Outward and visible signs of an inward and invisible grace |
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| Summation of everything that has been studied and the logical relationships thereof |
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| Transubstantiation Lateran IV |
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| Actual change into body and blood of Christ. |
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| I understand in order to believe |
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| Augustinian view - Faith re-orients reason -"I believe in order to understand." |
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| Muslim who brought Aristotelian studies to Europe |
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| Received land from ______ |
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| "I believe because it is absurd to human reasoning" - Faith is "crazy" by human standards |
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| Emperor involved in the investiture conflict with Pope Gregory VII |
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| New Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire? |
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| "I believe and I understand" - faith and reason are compatible but faith completes what reason is incapable of doing |
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| Gave Cluny to abbot Berno |
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| Active & Passive Righteousness |
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| A gift of righteousness from God comes before any passive righteousness |
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| Luther’s spiritual unease |
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| Centralization of Nation States |
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| Movement of states to truly centralize as nations. Particularly England, Spain, and France. |
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| Curialism vs. Conciliarism |
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| Struggling during late middle ages to decide whether church authority stems from the pope and his court or primarily the council |
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| Deprived of righteousness -> Need for new habitus -> Operation grace/cooperation (move to telos)-> Move toward final state of justification at end of process when like Christ “like known by like” |
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| The justice or righteousness of God and his right to condemn all |
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| Sola Fide, Sola Gratia, Solo Christo |
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| Through faith alone, Through grace alone, Through Christ alone |
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| Originally a political designation |
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| Critical of the Church’s morals and practices. Not it’s doctrines |
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| Rector of Prague who was very critical of the Church for doctrinal issues during the end of the Middle Ages. Joined in with the Lutherans in England |
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| Wrote a catechism that expresses medieval anxiety about death |
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| Initial Anabaptist movement in Switzerland |
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| The Renaissance & Education |
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| Critique of scholastic way of education and it’s focus on logic. Bringing rhetoric in as the main focus of education |
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| God will not deny grace to a man who does what is within himself |
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| Rofromation in England. Initial author of a book of common prayer |
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| Anabaptists in the Netherlands |
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| Luther’s very sympathetic Vicar General who told him to focus on the death of Christ. |
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| Medieval movement that ran afoul with the Church, going underground until joining later with the reform movement |
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| Late medieval reformist who thought there were problems with the Church Doctrine |
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| Father of the reform movement |
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