Term
| What evidence for evolution is provided by the fossil record? |
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Definition
| This shows the structure of organisms have changed over time. |
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Term
| What evidence for evolution is provided by the study of anatomy? |
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Definition
| This shows which species have similar structures (comparative anatomy) and how these species may be related. The more similar structures show a closer relationship. |
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Term
| What evidence for evolution is provided by molecular biology? |
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Definition
| This shows by comparison of the DNA molecules from various species how closely related / similar species may be. The more similar DNA sequences show a closer relationship. |
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Term
| Which type of bird species is Charles Darwin associated with studying closely? |
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Definition
| Finches from the Galapagos Islands |
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Term
| What did Charles Darwin notice about the differences between finches from the Galapagos Islands? |
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Definition
| The finches in different regions had different size and shape that helped the birds eat different available food. |
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Term
| Natural Selection explains that if a species has the traits necessary to survive it is more likely to... |
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Definition
| reproduce offspring and these offspring will have similar traits as the parents. |
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Term
| Natural Selection explains that if a species does NOT have the traits necessary to survive it will likely ... |
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Definition
| not be able to reproduce and eventually become extinct. |
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Term
| All plants have a trait related to their chloroplasts which gives them the ability to ... |
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms that have the trait to walk on two legs are called... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when an organism is responding to the internal or external environment to keep the organism in a normal, balanced state. |
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Term
| How is shivering an example of maintaining homeostasis? |
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Definition
| Shivering (as in when your body is cold) causes the muscles to contract. When muscles contract, heat is produced and that can bring your body temperature back up to normal. |
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Term
| How is an increased heart rate and increased breathing an example of maintaining homeostasis? |
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Definition
| When you are exercising such as running, your body cells need more oxygen in order to produce the energy needed to move. Your heart rate and increased breathing will help get oxygen to your cells faster which will help your cells release more energy as needed. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the excretory system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| To help sense the internal and external environment so your body can respond appropriately. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the circulatory system? |
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Definition
| To move substances such as oxygen and nutrients to your body cells and to remove substances such as carbon dioxide and wastes away from your body cells. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
| To bring oxygen in and carbon dioxide out of your body. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the liver? |
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Definition
| Produces bile to help digest lipids and process toxins to be removed from your body. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the pancreas? |
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Definition
| To produce pancreatic juice and insulin to help your body properly digest and process nutrients. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the kidneys? |
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Definition
| To filter the blood - remove wastes and extra water. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the stomach? |
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Definition
| To mechanically and chemically digest food. |
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Term
| How do the kidneys help maintain homeostasis in your body? |
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Definition
| These will filter the blood and regulate the amount of water that is in the body. If you are dehydrated (not have enough water) then your kidneys will decrease how much you will urinate. |
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Term
| What are the levels of organization from least to most complex? |
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Definition
| atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| small parts inside of a cell that perform specific functions for the cell |
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Term
| What is the main idea explained by the Theory of Evolution? |
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Definition
| Traits that help an organism to survive in the environment are beneficial to the organism so those traits will become more common over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a semipermeable layer separating the inside and outside of a cell - It is made of phospholipids with proteins in it. |
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Term
| Why do molecules of water easily pass through the cell membrane? |
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Definition
| This is because water is a small molecule that can pass between the phospholipids of the cell membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the solid that is dissolved in something (ie: sugar or salt) |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the liquid which dissolves something (ie: water or oil) |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the movement of water over the cell membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the movement of a substance from a high concentration to a low concentration. |
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Term
| What is active transport? |
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Definition
| This is the movement of a substance over a cell membrane with the help of a protein. |
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Term
| What is meant by the term, permeability? |
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Definition
| This means that a membrane allows things to pass through it. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a group of organs in your body that help you perform specific functions that keep you alive. |
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Term
| Give examples of organ systems. |
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Definition
| Examples include digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system, circulatory system, excretory system, reproductive system, etc. |
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Term
| What is meant by the term, homologous structures? |
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Definition
| These are structures that are similar in various species - ie: the wing of a bird is homologous to the flipper of a dolphin |
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