Term
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Definition
| A small disk-like medicinal powder |
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Term
| Fill in the Blank: Tablets are most often prepared by __________ of powders/granules into hard, compact masses. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some advantages of tablets? |
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Definition
1. Relatively low cost production (can make 1 million/hr)
2. Easy to package and transport
3. Solid State Stability
4. Tamper-resistance
5. Patient acceptance |
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Term
| What are some disadvantages of Tablets? |
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Definition
1. Limited dosage flexibility
2. Can be complex formulation requirments
3. Possible esophageal adhesion |
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Term
| Compression is done by tablet machines. the material is fed into __________ and compressed at high pressure using a _______ _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| How are tablet shapes and diameters determined? |
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Definition
| By the shapes and sizes of the dies and punches |
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Term
| What gives you the design for ID and scoring purposes? |
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Definition
| The punches because they have raised/recessed impressions |
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Term
| What is the paradox for compressed tablets? |
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Definition
| To produce a tablet sufficiently strong to withstand processing and handling, yet is capable of breakdown upon administration. |
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Term
| The two essential properties of powders for compressed tablets are ______________ and _____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| What can improve fluidity? |
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Definition
Glidants
Lubricants
granulation |
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Term
| What can improve compressibility? |
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Definition
certain excipients
granulation |
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Term
| granulation is the process of |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the main purposes of granulation? |
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Definition
1. prevent stratification
2. improve powder fluidity
3. improve powder compressibility |
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Term
| What is the most common approach to tablet production? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the excipients used in wet granulation? |
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Definition
1. Diluent = filler = Lactose
2. Binding agent = adhesive = corn starch
3. Lubricant = Magnesium stearate
4. Glidant = collodial silica, talc
5. Disintegrant = starch, cellulose |
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Term
| When is dry granulation preferred? |
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Definition
| When there are moisture or heat sensitive ingredients |
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Term
| Dry granulation is formed by ___________ large masses of drug/excipient mixtures, followed by ___________. |
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Definition
compacting or "slugging"
milling |
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Term
| What remains following compression is an uncoated ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| List some reasons for coating tablets |
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Definition
1. protect tablet ingredients
2. mask taste
3. facilitate swallowing
4. mask interbatch diff. in raw material appearance
5. tablet ID
6. for manufacture and distribution
7. enteric and C.R. properties |
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Term
| What are some types of coating? |
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Definition
1. sugar
2. film
3. gelatin
4. enteric |
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Term
| Sugar coating is one of the oldest methods. The way you can tell its sugar coated is if it _______ with no _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Film coating is the most modern and most common method. It involves the deposition of a ________________________________ |
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Definition
| thin film of polymer (edible paint) solution around the tablet core. |
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Term
| Enteric coating is used to |
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Definition
| prevent tablet core or granules from disintegration in an acidic environment |
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Term
| What 2 reasons do we use enteric coating? |
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Definition
1. prevent acid attack on labile ingredients
2. Protect the stomach from irritation |
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Term
| How do enteric polymers work? |
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Definition
| They have free -COOH groups on the polymer backbones that increases the ionization to a pH of 5.2 so it doesnt dissolve in the stomach. |
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Term
| What 5 things assure the quality of tablets? |
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Definition
1. Appearance
2. Thickness
3. Hardness
4. Friability
5. USP Tests |
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Term
| When it comes to appearance, capping indicates a ________________ problem. |
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Definition
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Term
| When it comes to appearance, ______________ can indicate coating problems. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is thickness of tablets determined? |
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Definition
| Fill volume, die diameter, compression pressure |
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Term
| How is hardness measured? |
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Definition
| By a hardness tester that measures the crushing strength. |
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Term
| Friability measures how easily it crumbles, by a ______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The USP tests includes tests for _______ and ________________ |
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Definition
| Drug Content and Drug Release |
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Term
| 2 Tests for Drug content include |
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Definition
1. Weight variation
2. Drug content uniformity |
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Term
| T/F: For each lot, whole tablets are weighted according to specified criteria. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Weight variation is good for assessing drug content uniformity in a tablet batch when the tablet has a relatively high excipient fraction. |
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Definition
| False: It is good when the tablet has a relatively low excipient fraction. |
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Term
| Test for drug release is important because |
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Definition
| for optimal systemic bioavailability the tablet must release its drug in a timely manner |
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Term
| The disintegration test measures the |
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Definition
| rate and extent of tablet disintegration |
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Term
| The complete USP definition for complete disintegration is |
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Definition
| that state in which any residue of the unit (except fragments of insoluble coating or capsule shell remaining on the screen of the test apparatus) is a soft mass having no palpably firm core. |
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Term
| What equipment is used for disintegration, according to the USP? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general procedures used in the basket-rack assembly? |
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Definition
1. Immerse tablet in simulated gastric fluid
2. Agitate by rapidly raising and lowering the tubes
3. Determine time of complete disintegration
4. If incomplete disintegration after 30 mins then immerse the tubes in simulated intestinal fluid and continue agitation up to a time period specified in the USP
5. Reassess disintegration |
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