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Definition
| The specification for the enhanced CD format |
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| The specification for the enhanced CD-R format |
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| The specification for the enhanced CD-I Format |
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Physical and data specification for compact audio disc
44.1 KHz
16bit
12cm |
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| The specification for data compact ROM discs |
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| CD-Video. MPEG-1. VHS Quality |
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Definition
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| Word length for CD-Audio Discs |
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| Word Length for High Resolution/Definition discs |
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| Sample Rate for Red Book CD's |
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| Sample rate of a high definition audio |
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| The sampling rate of Sony’s SACD (Super Audio CD) audio format and |
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| Analog to Digital Converter |
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Definition
| A professional digital audio interface that allows up to 96 kHz/24-‐bits 2- channels |
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Unwanted frequencies that are the result of exceeding the Nyquist Frequency
Solution: a LPF (low pass filter) cutting all exceeding frequencies |
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Definition
1) the process of establishing edits to the video of a production, outputting a CMX list and applying those edits to the audio – the audio then automatically conforms to the video
2) syncing audio to video/picture using timecode |
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Definition
| makes it handy to edit quieter parts – it zooms in on the waveform |
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| ability to handle multiple conversions |
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| A two state counting system widely used in computing |
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| 1) A single piece of information capable of containing two states, 2) Smallest unit in binary |
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| Digital words – word size (one bit equals 6dB of amplitude) |
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| Also known as House Sync – 29.97 Hz |
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Definition
1) Sub code data elements that describe locations on a CD to 1/75 of a sec
2) The unit of time on a CD…equal to 1/75th of a second |
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Definition
| Connector type used in SDIF professional digital interface |
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Definition
| An area of a 1630 tape that stores the PQ data |
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Definition
| Closed Loop Analog Signal Playback |
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Definition
| Cable configuration used in S/P DIF. A single hot lead and shield |
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| An edit that has one sound fading out & the other fading in |
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Definition
| – Digital to Analog Converter. Takes analog and creates digital words |
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| Digital Audio Workstation |
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| Data Disc Protocol. Alternate CD output Mastering format |
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| Our normal 10 digital counting system |
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| Absolute silence… all zeros in the digital words |
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Definition
are used to synchronize multiple pieces of hardware/software.
They allow systems to properly operate in conjunction with one another. |
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| Process of randomizing low order bits to “smooth” out low level noise |
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Definition
Direct Streaming Digital. Type of digital encoding. It has a 2.228 MHz sampling rate and a 1-‐bit word size. It is used in SACD format. DSD was created by Sony/Philips
o DSP – Digital Signal Processing |
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| Digital Signal Processing |
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Definition
| A double sided DVD disc with one layer on one side and 2 layers on the other |
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| Digital Extreme Definition |
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Definition
| Compact discs with multimedia data |
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Definition
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Definition
| A system routing component of a console used for musician cue8 |
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Definition
| Unwanted frequencies that are the result of exceeding the Nyquist Frequency |
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Definition
| An early step in the CD replication process cut by an LBR |
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Definition
1) A music track not indicated in the TOC of a CD
2) A CD track that doesn’t have a Track marker |
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Definition
| High Pass Filter. Used to reduce acoustic rumble |
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Definition
| Part of the CD sub code spec that provides 100 random access points in a track |
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Definition
| one file with 2 channels in it – left & right (Stereo) |
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Definition
| In restoration, a process that removes clicks/pops by assuming what frequency belongs in place of the unwanted frequencies, and replaces it |
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Definition
| International Standard Recording Code – part of the CD mastering process; metadata |
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Definition
| Digital error which results from inexact sample timing – setting all systems to the same sample rate will fix jitter |
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Definition
| – Type of fade that has equal energy per unit time |
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Definition
| Low Pass Filter used in ADC to prevent foldover |
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Definition
| Least Significant Bit. End of a digital word that makes smallest changes |
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Definition
| A multichannel digital interface that allows serial transmission of up to 56 channels |
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Definition
| Most Significant Bit. End of a digital word that makes biggest changes |
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Definition
Master Quality Authenticator -‐ It’s the ability to get high bandwidth audio like 192 kHz/24 bit under 1000kbps
9200 kbps < 1000 kbps |
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Definition
| a process of moving noise to a higher frequency range in a 1-‐bit system |
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Definition
| Highest Recordable Frequency is SR/2 |
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Definition
| Established the relationship between sample rate and highest recordable frequency |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Data transmission type that sends multiple packets/bit at a time |
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Definition
| Pulse Code Modulation. Method used to losslessly encode A to D |
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Definition
| The hardware used in the creation of a U Matic CD Master with ADC & DACs |
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Term
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Definition
| Pulse Width Modulation. Modifies the pulse width transforms the change and the width of a pulse. 1 represents the modification of the width and 0 represent |
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Definition
| Sub code area used to identify tracks and indexes on a CD – P for tracks, Q for indices |
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Definition
1) An area of a Redbook disc that occurs before a track
2) An area of a CD that can contain data used for ECD
3) Time prior to the start of a tracks on a CD |
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Term
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Definition
1) Digital noise which results from inexact amplitude sampling
2) The longer the word length the lower the noise floor
3) Adding Dither to the LSB (Least Significant Bit) can fix Quantization Error |
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Term
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Definition
| Low level amplitude errors in digital audio encoding |
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Definition
| Connector type used in both analog mono and S/P DIF digital interface |
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Definition
| A computer file which contains the sound-‐file display, 2) “.r” – a graphical representation of waveform that allows you to zoom in/out without re-‐ rendering waveform analysis of file |
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Definition
– Editing component that moves the “post” edit sound. Like “shuffle” on Pro
Tools |
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Definition
| Read Only Memory. An optical disc type that stores data only |
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Definition
| Type of fade that ensures equal “acoustic” levels |
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Definition
| Sub code area on a CD that can contain MIDI, Graphics, etc. |
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Definition
| The stage in CD premastering where the final output is reviewed |
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Definition
| A coaxial consumer digital audio format that uses RCA connectors |
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Definition
Serial Copy Management System
making copies has to be at same sample rate. |
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Definition
| A professional parallel digital audio transmission format |
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Definition
| (overlapping crossfades) crossfade between two different files/songs |
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Definition
| Data transmission type that sends one data packet/bit after |
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Definition
| – Data transmission type that sends one data packet/bit after another |
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Definition
| Ambient silence… recording of “Room Tone” |
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Term
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Definition
| – Signal to Noise Ratio. The measure of dynamic range from loudest to softest signals |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A metal positive image of an optical disc used in replication |
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Definition
1) Disc description processor. Used to identify tracks during mastering
2) Non music data area of a CD – contains about 20 megs |
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Definition
| A function found on audio consoles that allows you to select two sources simultaneously |
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Definition
| Table of Contents. Sub code of a CD that identifies all tracks on a disc |
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Definition
| A consumer optical digital connection that provides stereo transmission at 48 kHz/24-‐bits |
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Term
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Definition
1) Addressable locations on a CD disc – 0-‐99 available
2) Part of the CD sub code spec that provides 100 (0-‐99) random access points on a disc |
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Term
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Definition
| A master clock that establishes the sample rate of any digital piece of equipment |
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Definition
| A collection of digital bits usually powers of two |
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Term
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Definition
| bit depth (one bit equals 6dB of amplitude) |
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Definition
| Connector type used in AES-‐EBU digital interface and balanced analog |
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Definition
| Compressed. Missing data when decompressed. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Time Prior to the start of a tracks on a CD |
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Term
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Definition
| Disc Description Protocol |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of routing component of a console used for musicians cue |
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Term
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Definition
| The unit of time on a CD = 1/75th sec |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
T/F
A Redbook CD has a sampling rate of 44.1 MHz and word length of 16 bits |
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Definition
F.
it has 44.1 kHz word length and 16 bits |
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Term
T/F
A DAC uses a LPF to remove all freq. above the Nyquist Freq. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
S/P DIF is a coaxial digital transmittion standed taht uses RCA connectors |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
An EDL can display time in samples, timescode and blocks |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Normalizing is an amplitude process that can be done in a single pass |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
A to D and D to A conversion both require the use of a HPF. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
CD Mastering outputs a DDP, CD-R, Data file or SOny 1630 Umatic Tape |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
The CRMS adjusts the level going to the mixdown mahine |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
An audio waveform shows time vs. Frequency |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
A stereo effects return can handle both mics and lines |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Document that is the standarad file exchange formate for DAW's to Video |
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Term
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Definition
| Adjusts gain structure of modified files (not original) |
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Term
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Definition
| Editing component that modifies original files, overwriting with the changes made (saves ram) |
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Term
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Definition
| Editing component that allows one to make changes without affecting the original files (Stores changes in RAM)(Allows cue to UNDO) |
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Term
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Definition
| Editing component that modifies original files, overwriting with the changes made (saves ram) |
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Term
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Definition
| Editing component that allows one to make changes without affecting the original files (Stores changes in RAM)(Allows cue to UNDO) |
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Term
| 3 Types of Sample Rate Conversion |
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Definition
1) Real TIme
2) Out of Real Time
3) Background Process |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of "rapairing" or "cleaning" up files that are damaged or have unwanted effects |
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Term
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Definition
| 64 / 96 / 128/ 198 / 256 / 320 / 448 kbps |
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Term
| Benefits of mp3 compression? (3) |
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Definition
1) Download/ Transfer speed
2) Storage capacity
3) Playback efficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| 750MB = 16BIT 44.1 kHz Stereo Raw PCM Data = 1411 kbps (uncompressed) |
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Term
| 4 types of audio formats? |
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Definition
.MP3 – Fraunhofer
.AAC – Apple Audio Coding
.ALAC – Apple Lossless Audio Codec
.FLAC – Free Loseless Audio Codec |
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Definition
| Sound that is lower than 20 Hz |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound that is higher than 20 kHz |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| takes multiple channel mix (ex 5.1) reduces number of channel to stereo. |
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Definition
1 file for left, 1 file for right.
2 separate files. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A method of combining/splitting signals |
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Definition
| Covering up others sounds with foreground. A form of data compression. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| individual submix of a specific component of your project. Stems used to internationalize. Stereo pairs. |
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Definition
Meridian Loseless Packing - Loselss PCM compression
became Dolby True HD |
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Term
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Definition
have up to 100 tracks tracks land switch between them
You can switch to a track and have it play within half second |
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Term
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Definition
0-‐99 indexes within any individual track.
You can jump between indexes just like tracks. The both contain locations for the data as well. |
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Term
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Definition
raw data on disc. Essentially data that allows a CD additional capabilities.
1) Music Data – data that is read and put through DAC to make music
2) Additional Data – various extra data for other purposes. P-‐W data. |
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Definition
sets to absolute value. If I do absolute gain
-3 for 3 different tracks,
all my tracks will be set to “-3”. |
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Definition
| maintains the contour. If I do relative gain +3 for 3 different track |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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| 0 VU ratio on digital is equivalent to |
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Definition
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