Term
| Device that produces high frequency electromagnetic currents that induces heat in the deeper layers of tissues via absorption of the electromagnetic energy by these tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diathermy has ______ wavelengths but ______ frequencies than infrared thermal agents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most common form of therapeutic diathermy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Short wave diathermy emits electromagnetic energy at ____ frequencies and ______ wavelengths than traditional longwave diathermy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average depth of penetration of short wave diathermy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| purpose of pulsed short wave diathermy |
|
Definition
| non-thermal physiologic efffects in soft tissue |
|
|
Term
| non-thermal physiologic effects in soft tissue examples |
|
Definition
| increasing ATP production and protein synthesis which hastens healing |
|
|
Term
| emits electromagnetic energy at a much higher frequency and very short wavelengths (called micro-electromagnetic waves) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Non-ionizing radiation waves are emitted with what type of diathermy use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tuning that occurs when the patient circuit oscillats at the same frequency that the device circuit does |
|
Definition
| electromagnetic resonance |
|
|
Term
| Net effect of SWED (PSWD AND CSWD) is to ...(2) |
|
Definition
| increase cell metabolism and function, enhance soft tissue healing |
|
|
Term
| Thermal effects of diathermy only occur when tissue temperatures increase by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thermal effects of diathermy occur primarily through the delivery of what type of diathermy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the thermal effects of diathermy increases soft tissue healing how? |
|
Definition
| increase of atomic and molecular motion > increases tissue's kinetic energy and tissue temperature > increased cell metabolism and function |
|
|
Term
| temperature change of the tissues in order to be considered ATHERMAL |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Athermal effects of diathermy are best used in what type of inflammatory conditions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PSWD alters what to encourage soft tissue healing |
|
Definition
| alters cell ion biding properties > enhances cell ATP production and protein synthesis > soft tissue healing |
|
|
Term
| distance past the skin's surface traveled by the electromagnetic waves into the soft tissues when the electromagnetic energy is reduced by 50% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| distance within the tissue where 63% of the original radiating energy has been absorbed (when the energy is reduced to 37% of its original value) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| application of SWD: methods: 2 electrodes are positioned on either side of the treated body segment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the capacitive method for application of SWD the tissue with the greatest resistance to electrical current flow will heat up the most. What tissue is this? |
|
Definition
| skin and subcutaneous fat |
|
|
Term
| The capacitive method is often the choice of modes used in treating what types of injuries? |
|
Definition
| superficial soft tissue injuries |
|
|
Term
| SWD application: methods: the use of a single electrode either wrapped around or positioned directly over the treated body segment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the magnetic current from the inductive method of SWD will flow greatest in the tissue with the least resistance. What is this tissue? |
|
Definition
| muscles and synovial fluid |
|
|
Term
| the inductive method of SWD is most often the choice of modes used in treating which tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SWD: in this type of dosimetry the patient should percieve a mild comfortable, warmth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SWD: in this type of dosimetry the amount of total energy delivered is determined beforehand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| quantitative dosimetery involves 3 parts, what are they? |
|
Definition
| power output, pulse duration, pulse frequency |
|
|
Term
| SWD indications: primary use |
|
Definition
| treatment of OA and sprained ankles |
|
|
Term
| SWD: indications: other non primary uses (4) |
|
Definition
| joint contractures, musculoskeletal pain, muscle spasm, subacute/chronic traumatic and inflammatory conditions |
|
|
Term
| CSWD: contraindications (5) |
|
Definition
| CA, midsection of a pregnant woman, IUDs, hemorrhagic areas, metal in the area |
|
|
Term
| PSWD: contraindications (2) |
|
Definition
| midsection of a pregnant woman, metal in the area |
|
|
Term
| SWD: contraindications (8) |
|
Definition
| CA, midsection of a pregnant woman, over metal implants such as pacemakers, neurostimulators, ORIF hardware, IUDs, over hemorraghic areas, metal in the area |
|
|
Term
| SWD safe distance for metal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| therapeutic application for radiant energy for a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why should UVR technically not be classified as a deep heating thermal agent? |
|
Definition
| there is no increase in tissue temperature |
|
|
Term
| Why is ultra violet light a misnomer? |
|
Definition
| wavelgneths of UVR are below wavelengths of visible light |
|
|
Term
| Which quartz type lamp is luminous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which quartz lamp type is non-luminous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A hot quart mercury vapor (luminous) lamp is used for what type of applications? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A hot quart mercury vapor (luminous) lamp contains what type of radiation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which UVR type requires 5-10 minute warm up time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which UVR is a hand held lamp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A cold quart mercury vapor (non-luminous) lamp is used for what type of applications? (3) |
|
Definition
| local applications, bactericideal effects, pigmentation without erythema |
|
|
Term
| the angle of incidence of radiation determines the amount of radiation absorption. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cosine law states what simply? |
|
Definition
| therapeutic agent should be positioned perpendicular to the area to be treated |
|
|
Term
| the intensity of radiation varies with the square of the distance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UVR wavelengths: erythema with pigmentation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UVR wavelengths: erythema without pigmentation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UVR wavelengths: vitamin D formation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UVR wavelengths: bactericidal effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hot quartz mercury vapor (luminous) lamp UV range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cold quartz mercury vapor (non-luminous) lamp UV range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 physiologic effects of UVR |
|
Definition
| erythema, bactericidal effects, desquamation, pigmentation |
|
|
Term
| how does erythema induced by UVR promote wound healing? |
|
Definition
| erythema is caused by increased blood supply to the area |
|
|
Term
| how does UVR destroy bacteria? |
|
Definition
| altering the synthesis of DNA and RNA |
|
|
Term
| Clinically UVR is used to destroy bacteria where |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sloughing off of the dead epidermal cells of the stratum corneum (the most superificial layer of the epidermis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| desquamation induced by UVR is useful in dermatological conditions such as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distance between the heat lamp and treatment area: general body/large treatment area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distance between the heat lamp and treatment area: local body application |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| general body irradiation would be used for what example condition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| local body application UVR would be used for what conditions? |
|
Definition
| acne, wounds, and pressure sores |
|
|
Term
| Minimal erythemal dose test is what exactly? |
|
Definition
| establishment of a therapeutic dose with general lamp |
|
|
Term
| How should the MED test be described to patients? |
|
Definition
| shortest dose for redness to appear within 1-6 hours and disappear within 24 hours |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: suberythmal dose |
|
Definition
| produces no ertyhema, but vitamin D is produced |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: Minimal Erythemal Dose (MED) |
|
Definition
| faint redenning within 6-8 hours and subsiding within 24 hours. Some faint traces may be present at 24 hours. |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: First Degree (E1) |
|
Definition
| ertyhema lasting up to 48 hours. Slight exfoliation present (peeling). About 2.5x the MED |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: Second Degree (E2) |
|
Definition
| Intense erythema with edema, peeling, and pigmentation lasting as long as 72 hours. About 5x the MED |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: Third degree (E3) |
|
Definition
| severe blistering, peeling, and exudation. About 10x the MED |
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: How many times the MED is first degree (E1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: How many times the MED is Second Degree (E2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UV Ertyhemal Doses: How many times the MED is Third Degree (E3)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dermatological conditions, acne, subacute psorasic, chronic psoriasis, decubitus ulcers, infected wounds |
|
|
Term
| UVR contraindications: (10) |
|
Definition
| acute eczema, acute psoriasis, generalized dermatitis, herpes simplex, lupus erythematosus, xeroderma pigmentosum (hypersentivitiy to UV light), fever, active TB, severe cardiac involvement, acute diabetes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medications which increase photosensitivity to UV light (tetracycline, sulfonamides), low skin pigmentation populations (blondes, redheads), albinism, patients with Hx of CA |
|
|
Term
| Typical treatment time of diathermy |
|
Definition
|
|
