Term
|
Definition
keep blood glucose levels close to normal
avoid wide swings! |
|
|
Term
| types of rapid acting insulin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intermediate acting insulin |
|
Definition
| Neural protamine hagedorn (NPH) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
moderat ketones: 0.5 U/kg/day
large: 0.7 U/kg/day
divide total insulin into basal and bolus |
|
|
Term
| how to calc insulin dosages |
|
Definition
1.divide total into basal and bolus
50% long acting (1-2x/day)
50% short acting (before meals) |
|
|
Term
| which insulin is safe to use during prego |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which long acting insulin CANNOT be mixed with short acting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which long acting insulin had albumin binding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sulfonylureas
meglitinides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
biguanides
thiazolidinediones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glyburide
glipizide
glimepiride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stimulate insulin release from beta cells
suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis
decrease glucagon levels |
|
|
Term
| what causes drug interactions of sulfonylureas |
|
Definition
P450 met
highly protein bound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypoglycemia
wt. gain
decr. etoh tolerance |
|
|
Term
| which causes > hypoglycemia glyburide or glipizide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which is more potent tolbutamide or glyburide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which sulfonylurea is indicated for use w/ insulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulate insuline secretion in response to glucose |
|
|
Term
| meglitinides are considered what type of glucose regulators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should meglitinides be taken |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what other drugs can meglitinides be given w/ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which group of drugs has the greater fasting hypoglycemia, sulfonylureas or meglitinides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drugs should NOT be given w/ meglitinides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug increase hypoglycemia when given w/ repaglinide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drugs inhibit the met of repaglinide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which drugs increase elim of repaglinide |
|
Definition
barbs
rifampin
carbamazepine |
|
|
Term
| which has a faster onset repaglinide or nateglinide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
biguanides
thiazolidnediones (glitazones) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metformin
(metformin + glyburide)
(metformin + glipizide) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decreased hepatic glucose prod
enhance glucose uptake and utilization by tissues
decr. leptin levels (incr appetite) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug is the 1st line of tx in obese pts w/ insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypoglycemia (rare)
decr app.->wt loss
LACTIC ACIDOSIS |
|
|
Term
| what pts should use caution when taking metformin |
|
Definition
renal pts
CHF
severe infection
etoh
=d/t LACTIC ACIDOSIS |
|
|
Term
| when should metformin be d/c |
|
Definition
| temp if radiograph w/ contrast scheduled |
|
|
Term
| thiazolidnediones "glitazones" |
|
Definition
rosiglitazone
pioglitazone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bind go PPAR's
potentiate insulin sensitivity
decr peripheral insulin resistance
decr hepatic glucose prod
decr leptin levels |
|
|
Term
| does metformin cause wt gain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pts w/ insulin resistance who do not respond to other tx
|
|
|
Term
| what other drugs can glitazones be combined w/ |
|
Definition
metformin
sulfonylureas
insulin |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take for glitazones to take effect? |
|
Definition
| several weeks for full effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
edema
modest wt gain
mild anemia
liver probs |
|
|
Term
| what does rosiglitazone incr incidence of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what test should be monitored in pts on glitazones |
|
Definition
LFT's (q mo for 6 mos-> q 2 mos)
CBC |
|
|
Term
| when should you d/c glitazones |
|
Definition
| if > 3 abn LFT's in a year |
|
|
Term
| alpha glucosidase inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MOA alpha glucosidase inhibitors |
|
Definition
inhibit alpha glucosidase in intestinal brush border
prolong abs of carbs
keeps PP glucose under control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors
incretin mimetics |
|
|
Term
| when should alpha glucosidase inhibitors be given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what pts do alpha glucosidase inhibitors work best in? |
|
Definition
pts w/ mild-mod DM2
diet > 50% carbs |
|
|
Term
| AE alpha glucosidase inhibitors |
|
Definition
GI
diarrhea, bloating, farting, crampin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
incr insulin secr in response to food
decr glucagon release
slows gastric emptying
decr glucose in blood
decr app
decr fat content
affects LDL and tris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adjunct w/ metformin, sulfonyurea, TZD's, or combo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
incr insulin release -> prolong activity of GLP-1
decr glucagon levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. sulfonylurea
2. metformin
3. glitazones
4. meglitinide
5. exenatide
6. sitagliptin
7. insulin |
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|
