Term
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Definition
Propose ways to account for how and why people grow as they do.
Provide a framework for examining, describing, and appreciating human development.
Help nurses assess and treat a patient’s response to illness |
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Term
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Definition
| Encompasses the physical changes across a person’s life span. |
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Term
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Definition
A progressive and continuous process of change
Begins at conception
Continues throughout a lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| physical growth and development |
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Term
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Definition
| Intelligence, understanding, thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| Personality, emotions, relationships with others |
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Term
| Biophysical Developmental Theories |
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Definition
| Examine how bodies grow and change |
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Term
| Geseil’s theory of development |
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Definition
Growth and development and is unique and is directed by gene activity.
Maturation follows a fixed developmental sequence
Human growth
Cephalocaudal
Proximodistal |
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Term
| Psychoanalytical Theories |
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Definition
Describe development from personality, cognitive, and behavioral perspectives.
Explain development as primarily unconscious and influenced by emotion
Psychoanalytical theories maintain that these unconscious drives influence development through universal stages experienced by all individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
believed that the human personality consist if id, ego, and superego.
These components develop in stages and regulate behavior.
He identified five stages of development:
Stage 1: Oral (birth to 12 to 18 months)
Stage 2: Anal (12 to 18 months to 3 years)
Stage 3: Phallic or Oedipal (3 to 6 years)
Stage 4: Latency (6 to 12 years)
Stage 5: Genital (Puberty through adulthood) |
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Term
| Erickson’s Psychosocial Theories |
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Definition
Stage 1: Trust versus mistrust (birth to 1 year)
Stage 2: Autonomy versus shame and doubt (1 to 3 years)
Stage 3: Initiative versus guilt (3 years to 6 years)
Stage 4: Industry versus Inferiority (6 to 11 years)
Stage 5: Identity versus role confusion (Puberty)
Stage 6: Intimacy versus isolation (Young Adult)
Stage 7: Generatively verses self-absorption and Stagnation (Middle Age)
Stage 8: Integrity versus Despair (Old Age) |
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Term
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Definition
| a behavior style or pattern that affects an individual’s emotional interactions with others. |
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Term
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Definition
identified three basic childhood temperaments
The easy child (easy going and predictable)
The difficult child (irritable and irregular)
The slow to warm up child (adapts slowly) |
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Term
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Definition
| Human development is life long, although changes are slower. |
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Term
| Stage crisis theory (Havinghurst) |
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Definition
focuses on resolution of task:
Owning to physical maturation
From personal values
From social pressures |
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Term
| Activity theory of older adulthood |
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Definition
| Continuing an active, involved lifestyle results in greater satisfaction and well-being in aging; |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a person is having great difficulty meeting task of the current developmental period. |
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Term
| Contemporary life events approach |
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Definition
| Takes individual variations into account |
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Term
| Selective optimization with compensation theory: |
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Definition
| States that as individuals age, they are able to compensate for some decreases in physical or cognitive performance by developing new approaches. (Adaptive |
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Term
| Socioemotional selectivity theory |
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Definition
| States that as people age, they become more selective and invest their energies in meaningful pursuits. |
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