Term
| why study child development? Positive outcomes... |
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Definition
-can teach parents to raise children more effectively
-lead society as a whole to adopt wiser policies regarding children's welfare
-answer intriquing questions about human nature |
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Term
| importance of the study of child development (juts a list) |
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Definition
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| earliest greek philosophers to think of child development |
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| both plato and aristotle were interested in how children's development is influenced by their ____ and their _____ing |
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| Both plato and aristotle believed that the long term welfare of society depned on children being ____ _____ |
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| What did Plato emphasize as the most important goals of education (being raised properly)) |
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Definition
| self-control and discipline |
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| What did Aristotle emphasize as the most important goals of education (being raised properly) |
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Definition
| -discipline and fitting child rearing to the individual child |
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Term
| How did PLato believe children obtained knowledge? |
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Definition
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| How did aristotle believe children obtained knowledge? |
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Definition
-from experience
-the child is born a blank slate |
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Term
| where do our beliefs about childhood and development come from? |
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Definition
| -historical and culture attitudes |
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| What later philosopher is Aristotle most like? |
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Definition
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-Locke
---Most important goal of child rearing |
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Definition
growth of character
---parents need to set good examples |
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---Development is gradual and continuous
---give child more freedom through time
---experience shapes child develepment
---child is a passive learner |
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Term
| Philosophers of the Enlightenment |
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| Plato was most like what enlightenment philosopher? |
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---development is discontinous (occurs in stage)
---innate knowledge
---"noble savages"(inherently, good and pure)
---development occurs naturally
---child is an active learner (seeks out what is best for growth)
---education is laissez faire |
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Definition
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Term
-empirist
-nurture
-passive
-shaped by experience |
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Term
-biology
-nativist
-active child
-nature |
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Definition
-children valued by society
--important family members
--affectiona nd training--> productive adults
-sacrifices
*Childhood was difficult
---property
---Infanticide (esp. girls)
---training was harsh |
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Term
Middle Ages
(5th-14th century) |
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Definition
--harsh life
----unsanitary, no heat, crowded, no windows
---violence and brutality part of life
---death for crimes, knights fighting
--Children= property
---disease and early death
---Infanticide , abandonment, illness
---most died before age 5
---began work at age 6-8
--held accountable for things like adults (mini adults) |
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Term
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Definition
| -pretty much the same as middle ages with small improvemnet |
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Term
| Reformation (16th century) |
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Definition
-Economic and political change
---rise of merchant class (middle)
---family as and economic unit
---1st time seen as INNOCENT
*Family life -place for children
---outside world was corrupt and children were innocent |
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Term
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Definition
Economic
*growth of democracies
---education was important
---child labor laws (1st in 19th century)
---compulsory education(socially mobility)
*Medicine As Science
---adult health depends on childs health
---child healt is UNIQUE
*Industrial Revolution
---better living standards
---progress through science
---faith in science to answer lifes questions (instead of religion) |
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Term
| CHILDHOOD IS AN INVENTION OF MODERN SOCIETY |
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Definition
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Term
| result of 18th-19th century was science of child development (at the end of the 19th century) |
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Definition
-childood is special and unique and important
-science can answer questions
-children are worth studying |
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Term
| where do most children ages 5-14 work in the world today>? |
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Definition
SUB-SARAH AFRICA 26%
2. asia& pacific - 19%
3. Latin America & Caribean- 5.2%
4. Other -5.1 % |
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Term
| development is a unique kind of change |
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Definition
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Term
| children respond to experiences in unique ways depending on their ___ |
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| children develop in a ____ sequence |
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Term
| developent is both continous and discontinuous, universal and individual, resilient and vulnerable |
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Term
| Frued concluded that ____ drive, especia;lly sexual ones, were a crucial influence in child developement. |
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| the physical, social, cultural, economic, and historical circumstances that make up and childs environment |
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Term
| The 7 themes of child development |
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Definition
1. nature vs nurture
2. active child (how do children shape their own development?)
3.continuity/discontinuity
4.Mechanisms of Development change (how does change occur? (variationa and selection))
5. The Sociocultural context (how does sociocultural context influence development?)
6.Individual Differences (How do children become so different from one another)
7.Research and Children's welfare (how can we research promote children's well-being?) |
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Definition
| the degree to which independent measurements of a given behavior are consistent |
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| the degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure |
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| the degree to which effects observed within experiments can be attributed to the variables that the researcher intentionally manipulated |
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Definition
the degree to which results can be generalized beyond the particulars of the research
(can it be applied to more then one child, more generalized) |
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