Term
| 4 Reasons when choosing the correct "vehicle" |
|
Definition
1. Solubility of active drug
2. Ability to hydrate s. corneum
3. Stability of drug IN vehicle
4. Ability to retard evaporation from skin |
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Term
| Vehicle containing alcohol with enhancing absorption through skin |
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Definition
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Term
| Mostly water vehicle with vasocontriction decreasing inflammation |
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Definition
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Term
| Completely water soluble and colloidal (attracts moisture) |
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Definition
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Term
| Absorbent but can cause crusting or aspiration |
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Definition
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Term
| Adhesive containing powder |
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Definition
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Term
| Mix this with serous discharges; also washable |
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Definition
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Term
| DO NOT mix with serous discharges; used for fat-soluble substances |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Improves penetration of drug |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Mix this with water and exudate |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Occlusive dressing that enhances hydration |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis |
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Definition
| Reduce contact w/ irritants, Reduce exposure to allergens, Emollients, Topical Steroids, Antihistamines, Abs, Steroid sparing, Herbs |
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Term
| Things to Avoid in Atopic Dermatitis |
|
Definition
1. Overheating
2. Direct skin contact w/ rough fibers
3. Dusty Conditions
4. Cosmetics
5. Soap |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| True/False: Special diets can help reduce atopic dermatitis. |
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Definition
| False. There is little evidence that food is the major culprit. |
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Term
| Emollient ____ the skin and ____ itching. When should they be applied? |
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Definition
| Soften; Reduce. Apply AFTER BATHING when skin is unusually dry. |
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Term
| Most, Moderate, and Least effective Emollients |
|
Definition
Best: Oils (Petroleum Jelly)
Moderate: Creams
Least: Lotion |
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|
Term
| Inexpensive emollients contain what? |
|
Definition
| Vegetable shortening and petroleum jelly |
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|
Term
Alpha-hydroxy Acid Emollients:
1. Excellent for what?
2. Side effects?
3. MOA?
4. What are they prepared with? |
|
Definition
1. Relieving dryness and maintenance when no longer inflamed
2. Can sting, aggravate eczema
3. Forces epidermal cells to produce keratin that is softer, less cracking
4. Contains glycolic acid, lactic acid, and/or urea |
|
|
Term
Oil Emollients:
Which reduces itching? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Corticosteroid Indications:
1. Ointment
2. Cream
3. Lotion |
|
Definition
1. Dry/Lichenified Skin
2. Weeping skin/body folds
3. Hair Areas |
|
|
Term
| _____ frequently secondary with a bacteria. Use this in recalcitrant or widespread cases. |
|
Definition
| Atopic Eczema; ORAL antibiotics like cephalexin or dicloxacilin |
|
|
Term
| Oral antihistamines can reduce ___ & ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alternative meds for some patients with eczema |
|
Definition
Licorice
Calendula
Echinacea
Golden Seal
Nettle
Oats |
|
|
Term
| Causative agent of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
| Cutaneous Candidiasis infection |
|
|
Term
| Signs/Sx of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
Pruritus/Pain
Edema
Satellite lesions |
|
|
Term
| Tx/Management of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL including nystatin, miconazole, clotrimatzole
**Possibly corticosteroids but NOT IF FUNGAL |
|
|
Term
| Corticosteroid Alternatives & Indications |
|
Definition
| Pimecromlimus, Tacrolimus - inhibit inflammatory cytokine release with minimal systemic immunosuppression; indicated for atopic or contact dermatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Immunomodulator for external genital and perianal warts as well as actinic keratitis; stimulates peripheral mononuclear cells to release interferon alpha and produce IL and TNF alpha |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Topical Antivirals - Acyclovir and Pencyclovir |
|
|
Term
| Pediculosis Vectors of other Diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediculosis Capitis Sx/Tx |
|
Definition
Sx - sides, back of scalp; visible white flecks (nits), matting/crusing of scalp; foul odor
Tx - Pediculicides; hand pick and seal items in plastic bags x14d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| On body; check clothing and asses on trunk, abdomen, extremities |
|
|
Term
| Pediculosis Pubis - Contracted from & other infection sites |
|
Definition
Sex, Bed linens
-Can infect axilla, eyelashes, chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lindane (not in CA), Permethrin
-Hepato and neurotoxic |
|
|
Term
| Scabies Sign/Sx, Location |
|
Definition
1. Epidermal curved/linear edges
2. Follicular papules
3. Pruritus Palms (intense at night)
-Hypersensitivity rxn with pustules, crusted lesions found on elbows, ax folds, lower ab, butt, thighs, fingers, genitals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Topical sulfur preps
-CROTAMITON
-PERMETHRIN 5% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Comedones from keratin plugs in sebaceous duct opening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Keratolytics - benzoyl peroxide and selenium sulfide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Retinoic Acid Derivatives - tretinoin (topical) and isotretinoin (oral) - High side effects related to birth control
Abs - Topical - erythro, clindamycin, azelaic acid; Oral - Tetracycline, erythro |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Azelaic Acid
Metronidazole |
|
|
Term
| Psoriasis is a _____ disorder involving inflammatory infiltrate in the ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Autoimmune or CV diseases
Metabolic Syndrome
Malignancies
Mood Disorders
Smoking, alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Topical: Keratolytics (coal tar, salicylic acid), Corticosteroids
Phototherapy |
|
|
Term
| Mild Psoriatic Arthritis Tx |
|
Definition
| NSAIDs, Intra-articular corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| Moderate to Severe Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis Tx |
|
Definition
DMARDs - Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, Antimalarials
Systemic Corticosteroids
Biologics - Infliximab, Hydroxyurea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. >18yo
2. Mod->Severe Psor. Arthritis
3. Failed other therapies
4. Inadequate control w/ DMARD alone
5. 1+ Comorbidity
6. No active infxn/normal liver fxn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hydrocortisone
Triamcinolone
Desonide
Mometasone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Monoxidil (vasodilation - effects not permanent)
Finasteride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clotrimazole
Miconazole
Terbinafine
Ketoconazole (also shampoo)
Nystatin
Tolnaftate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ketoconazole
Itraconazole
Terbinafine - LFT test required
Griseofulvin - only oral |
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