Term
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Definition
| the chemical attraction between unlike molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| the chemical attraction between like molecules |
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Term
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion |
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Definition
| an index which indicates how one material reacts to temperature extremes in relation to another |
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Term
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Definition
| the force at which a material breaks under pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| slow dimensional change caused by compression |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to undergo change of form without breaking |
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Term
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Definition
| a material's ability to recover it's initial shape after undergoing a force |
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Term
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Definition
| an electrical current generated by dissimilar metals in an acidic environment |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of gelling (solidification by cold) |
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Term
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Definition
| absorption of a solvent by a gel |
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Term
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Definition
| a material's capacity to be shaped by force or pressure |
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Term
| Microleakage (percolation) |
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Definition
| passage of oral fluids/bacteria into and out of tooth structure due to marginal gap or failure of marginal (restorative) seal |
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Term
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Definition
| the linking, branching, or cross-linking of smaller molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| the force at which a material cannot return to its original shape |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of a gel due to the loss of a solvet |
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Term
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Definition
| the force needed to stretch a material to the point of fracture |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-an alloy of mercury with silver, copper, tin, and zinc
-copper added to minimize corrosion
-must be: durable, strong like enamel, and inexpensive
-when polishing: tin oxide |
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Term
| How do we get micromechanical retention? |
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Definition
| Etch: adapting relief areas created by conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid. |
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Term
| Polymerization activated by fiber-optic light... |
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Definition
a) light-activated polymerization allows flexible working time
b)polymerization initiators typically benzoyl peroxide or a tertiary amine |
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Term
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Definition
| due to contamination by saliva or oils |
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Term
| Pit & Fissure Sealant Steps |
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Definition
pumice
rinse
isolate
etch
rinse
dry
apply
remove access
polymerize |
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Term
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Definition
most common filler particles: silicates, quartz, or glass.
-barium or strontium usually added for radiopacity |
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Term
| Why are microfills popular? |
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Definition
| high polishability and ease of handling, but require tooth support |
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Term
| Why are hybrid composites popular? |
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Definition
| due to combined strength and beauty |
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Term
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Definition
| surface areas, bond strength, polishability |
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Term
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Definition
-used to seal dentin or medicate the dental pulp
-includes: calcium hydroxide (stimulate reparative dentin form)
zinc oxide/eugenol (soothes the pulp, oily, c/i w/ complosite)
Resin-modified glass ionomer (seals tubules and releases fluoride) |
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Term
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Definition
-used to provide thermal insulation or mechanical protection for the dental pulp
-includes al cements, because cements are poor thermal conductors, and have adequate compressive strength |
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Term
| What are the 6 types of cement? |
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Definition
1)Zinc Phosphate cement
2) Polycarboxylate cement
3) glass ionomer cement
4) resin
5) hybrid
6) zinc-oxide/eugenol |
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Term
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Definition
a)exothermic reaction on mixing (need glass slab)
b)mechanical interlock between tooth and casting |
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Term
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Definition
a) high chemical affinity for enamel
b) powder mixed with polyacrylic |
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Term
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Definition
a)bind to dentin
b)releases fluoride
c)coefficient of thermal expansion approximates tooth structure
d) can be used as a Class V restorative material |
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Term
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Definition
a)tooth colored to affix esthetic restorations like porcelain laminate veneers and tooth colored inlays, onlays, or crowns, and clear orthodontic brackets
b) also used for luting etched metal retainers such as resin-bonded bridges and prefabricated endodontic posts |
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Term
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Definition
a) resin-modified glass ionomers
b)seals dentin effectively to minimize sensitivity (unfilled resin/bonding agent)
c)releases fluoride (glass ionomer) |
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Term
| Zinc-oxide/ eugenol cement |
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Definition
a)commonly used to temporary cementation
b)mixed putty-like to cement a temporary aluminum shell crown
c)mixed creamy-like to cement a custom acrylic temporary crown
d)orange solvent typically used to clean ZOE contaminated instruments |
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Term
| Rigid Impression Materials |
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Definition
a)plaster, Type I Gypsum
b) compound (border molder custom tray)
c) zinc-oxide/eugenol (final impression, full denture) |
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Term
| Flexible Impression Aqueous Materials |
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Definition
Hydrocolloid
-Reversible hydrocolloid (agar)
-physical reaction only sol-gel is temperature dependent
-solidification by cold called gelation
popular for multiple preparations, but unstable
-susceptible to imbibition and syneriesis |
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Term
| Flexible Impression Non-Aqueous Material |
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Definition
a)Polysulfide rubber
-messy,smelly,must be poured same day
b)polyether rubber
-relatively rigid, good tissue detail
-unstable in presence of moisture (will distort if wet
c)silicone rubber
-putty-like rarely used
d)vinylpolysiloxane
-tasteless, odorless
-stable, strong, accurate
-easily mixed
-capable of multiple pours |
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Term
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Definition
Mineral form: calcium sulfate di-hydrate
Heated form: alpha-calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate (stone) or beta calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate (plaster)
-plaster needs more water and therefore it undergoes a greater setting expansion lowering it's compressive strength making stone superior to stone |
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Term
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Definition
a) Plaster, type II gypsum: beta calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate
b) Stone, Type III gypsum: alpha calcium sulfate hemi hydrate
c)Diestone Type IV Gypsum: alpha calcium sulfate hemi hydrate. contains additive to make more durable and wear resistant( also called improved stone) |
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Term
| Gypsum material selection dependent upon... |
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Definition
strength and dimensional accuracy
a) orthodontic model: plaster (easy to polish)
b)study model/working model: stone (more accurate and wear resistant)
c)crown and bridge die or model :improved stone or diestone (accurate and most wear resistant. |
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Term
| How do you modify working time with gypsum? |
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Definition
1)add potassium sulfate to accelerate set
2)mix with warm (not hot) water to accelerate set
3)add borax to slow se |
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Term
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Definition
| -comprised primarily of paraffin |
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Term
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Definition
| used for cast restorative patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| useful in removable prosthetic procedures |
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Term
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Definition
| useful to obtain occlusal records |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| becomes sticky when heated, used to attach models |
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Term
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Definition
| used to modify the shape of impression trays and cushion braces |
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Term
| Casting Alloys : Precious alloys contain noble metals |
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Definition
a)noble metals resist tarnish and corrosion
b) noble metals used in dentistry (gold, platinum, and palladium) |
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Term
| Casting Alloys: Nonprecious alloys contain base metals |
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Definition
a)base metals are subject to tarnish and corrosion
b)may be allergenic (gingival inflammation)
c)base metals used in dentistry include: silver, copper, nickel tin and zinc |
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Term
| How is gold polished inside the mouth? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is gold polished outside the mouth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are gold foil restorations placed? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
biocompatible titanium alloy
endosteal
-fail because of no osseointegration/ inadequate bone
-pt can use electric toothbrush
-can air polish |
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Term
| What are contra-indications for implant placement? |
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Definition
Inadequate bone
Uncontrolled perio disease
smoking
infection |
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Term
| What type of instruments can a hygienist use on implants? |
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Definition
titanium
titanium alloy
graphite |
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Term
| What is the active ingredient in tartar control toothpaste and what can that ingredient cause? |
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Definition
| pyrophosphate can lead to dentinal hypersensitivity |
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Term
| What is the active ingredient in gum care toothpaste? |
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Definition
| triclosan (antimicrobial agent) |
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Term
| What is the active ingredients in desensitizing toothpaste? |
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Definition
| potassium nitrate, sodium citrate, strontium chloride |
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Term
| What is the active ingredient in vial bleach? |
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Definition
carbamide peroxide, or hydrogen peroxide
(carbamide peroxide breaks down into hydrogen peroxide and urea) |
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class I |
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Definition
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class II |
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Definition
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class III |
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Definition
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class IV |
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Definition
| anterior proximals involving the incisal edge |
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class V |
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Definition
| facial or lingual gingival third |
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Term
| G.V. BLACK'S classification Class IV |
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Definition
| cusp tip and/ or incisal edge |
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