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| The theft of money resulting from intentional manipulation of the value of equities, including stocks and bonds. Securities fraud also includes theft from securities accounts and wire fraud. |
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| Violations of the criminal law committed by persons of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation |
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| Equity trading based on confidential information about important events that may affect the price of the issue being traded |
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| Fraud or embezzlement that occurs within or against financial institutions that are insured or regulated by the U.S. government. Financial institution fraud includes commercial load fraud, check fraud, counterfeit negotiable instruments, mortgage fraud, check kiting, and false credit applications. |
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| any act punishable by law that is committed through opportunity created in the course of an occupation that is legal |
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| A violation of a criminal statue either by a corporate entity or by its executives, employees, or agents acting on behalf of and for the benefit of the corporation, partnership, or other form of business entity |
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| A violation of the criminal law that, although typically committed by businesses or by business officials, may also be committed by other people or by organizational entities and that damages some protected or otherwise significant aspect of the natural environment |
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| The unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in supplying illegal goods and services, including gambling, prostitution, loan-sharking, narcotics, and labor racketeering |
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| Another name for Sicilian organized crime, or Cosa Nostra |
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| Literally, 'our thing'. A criminal organization of Sicilian origin. Also called the Mafia, the Outfit, the Mob, the syndicate, or simply the organization |
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| The continuing process whereby one immigrant or ethnic group succeeds another by assuming its position in society. |
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| The popular name for the federal Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce, formed in 1951 |
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| The informal, unwritten code of organized crime, which demands silence and loyalty, among other things, of family members |
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| transnational organized crime |
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| Unlawful activity undertaken and supported by organized criminal groups operating across national boundaries |
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| Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) |
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| A statute that was part of the federal Organized Crime Control Act of 1970 and that is intended to combat criminal conspiracies |
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| The authorized seizure of money, negotiable instruments, securities, or other things of value. In federal anti-drug laws, the authorization of judicial representatives to seize all monies, negotiable instruments, securities, or to her things of value furnished or intended to be furnished by any person in exchange for a controlled substance, and all proceeds traceable to such an exchange |
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| The process of converting illegally earned assets, originating as cash, to one or more alternative forms to conceal such incriminating factors as illegal origin and true ownership |
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| a substance that affects the mind, mental processes, or emotions |
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| National Survey on Drug Use and Health |
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Definition
| A national survey of illicit drug use among people 12 years of age and older that is conducted annually by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration |
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| Office of National Drug Control Policy |
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Definition
| A national office charged by Congress with establishing policies, priorities, and objectives for the nation's drug-control program. |
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| A term used by the DEA to refer to 'broad categories or classes of controlled substances other than cocaine, opiates, and cannabis products.' Amphetamines, methamphetamine, PCP, LSD, and designer drugs |
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| the process by which legitimately manufactured controlled substances are diverted for illicit use |
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| new substances designed by slightly altering the chemical makeup of other illegal or tightly controlled drugs |
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| manufacturing, distributing, dispensing, importing, and exporting (or possession with intent to do the same) a controlled substance or a counterfeit substance |
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| heroin signature program (HSP) |
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Definition
| A DEA program that identifies the geographic source of a heroin sample through the detection of specific chemical characteristics in the sample peculiar to the source area |
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Definition
| A violation of the laws prohibiting or regulating the possession, use, or distribution of illegal drugs |
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| A crime in which drugs contribute to the offense (excluding violations of drug laws) |
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| The redefinition of certain previously criminal behaviors into regulated activities that become 'ticketable' rather than 'arrestable' |
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| A person who uses computers for exploration and exploitation |
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| A set of computer instructions that propagates copies or versions of itself into computer programs or data when it is executed |
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| Any violation of a federal or state computer crime statute |
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| the unauthorized and illegal copying of software programs |
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| Crime committed with the use of computers or via the manipulation of digital forms of data |
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| A person who uses switched, dialed-access telephone services for exploration and exploitation |
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| an Internet-based scam to steal valuable information such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, user IDs, and passwords |
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| Any illegal act for which knowledge of computer technology is involved in its perpetration, investigation, or prosecution |
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| Any unlawful incident associated with computer technology in which a victim suffered or could have suffered loss or in which a perpetrator by intention made or could have made gain |
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| the computer-created matrix of virtual possibilities, including online services, wherein human beings interact with one another and with the technology itself |
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| the process by which information is encoded, making it unreadable to all but its intended recipients |
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| a complete and thorough assessment of the kinds of perils facing an organization |
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| A sequential record of computer system activities that enables auditors to reconstruct, review, and examine the sequence of states and activities surrounding each event in one or more related transactions from inception to output of final results back to inception |
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Definition
| An FBI-developed network diagnostic tool that is capable of assisting in criminal investigation by monitoring and capturing large amounts of Internet traffic. |
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Definition
| A process of social homogenization by which the experiences of everyday life, marked by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, can foster a standardization of cultural expressions around the world |
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Term
| transnational organized crime |
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Definition
| unlawful activity undertaken and supported by organized criminal groups operating across national boundaries |
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Definition
| illegal immigration in which an agent is involved for payment to help a person cross a border clandestinely |
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| trafficking in persons (TIP) |
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Definition
| The exploitation of unwilling or unwitting people through force, coercion, threat, or deception |
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Definition
| Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience |
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Definition
| The unlawful use of force or violence by a group or an individual who is based and operates entirely within the US and its territories without foreign direction and whose acts are directed at elements of the US government or population |
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Definition
| the unlawful use of force or violence by a group or an individual who has a connection to a foreign power or whose activities transcend national boundaries against people or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives |
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| one who studies the future |
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Definition
| the study of likely futures as they impinge on crime and its control |
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| a multidisciplinary branch of operations research whose principal aim is to facilitate long-range planning based on (1) forecasting from the past supported by mathematical models, (2) cross-disciplinary treatment of its subject matter, (3) systematic use of expert judgment, and (4) a systems-analytical approach to its problems |
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Definition
| A technique of futures research that uses repetitive questioning of experts to refine predictions |
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| A technique intended to predict future outcomes, that builds upon environmental scanning by attempting to assess the likelihood of a variety of possible outcomes one important trends have been identified |
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| A technique of futures research that makes future predictions based on the projection of existing trends |
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Definition
| a technique of futures research that attempts to analyze one trend or event in light of all occurrence or nonoccurrence of a series of related events |
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Definition
| a systematic effort to identify in an elemental way future developments that could plausibly occur over the time horizon of interest and that might affect one's area of concern |
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| technique that assesses the risks and opportunities facing those who plan for the future |
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| the political handling of crime. Also, a criminology-based social policy |
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