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| A group which consists of only two people |
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| It is the speaker's job to convince the audience to alter their viewpoint by proving that a policy is necessary |
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| A statement in the beginning of the speech which outlines the main points the speech will focus on |
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| Changes in a speaker's pitch or tone |
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| When the conclusion does not relate to the proof or evidence |
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| When the main points of a speech are presented in a directional pattern |
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| Asking questions, showing where you are in a speech |
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| When a speech is carefully prepared |
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| Assuming that two things that are similar are equal |
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| When the audience believes that the speaker has their interests in mind |
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| A summary or restating of another person's ideas or work |
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| The "average" value of a set of numbers, determined by dividing the sum of the terms by the number of terms |
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| Whether or not a specific action should or should not be taken |
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| Words used with the intent of degrading or demeaning a group or person |
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| Using a general conclusion to support a specific argument |
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| The accepted way to say a word, including the sound and rhythm of the word |
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| Reminds listeners of what they just heard |
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| The group or portion of the audience which the speaker most wants to appeal to or persuade |
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| Showing a cause/effect relationship |
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| Appeals to the listener's passions, emotions, thoughts and wants |
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| Questions in which the response requires specifying a certain level on an interval or scale |
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| Constant tone of a speaker's voice |
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| Progressing through time and any "how-to speech" |
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| Literal meaning or a phrase |
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| Similar arrangement or structure of words, phrases or sentences which creates an organized pattern |
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| An inference method which considers two similar situations and draws conclusions based on the similarity |
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| About the morality, rightness, wrongness, worth |
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| A graph used to illustrate the distribution of variables in relation to a whole |
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| A presentation which combines two or more types of visual aides |
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| An example which uses a generalized or fictitious situation |
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| Highness or lowness of a speaker's voice |
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| A specific style of lettering on a computer |
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| Monroe's motivated sequence |
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| A process which includes attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action to persuade a listener |
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| Combining ideas from two or three sources and presenting them as one's own |
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| When you assume that when one thing happens, it will create a domino effect |
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| A speech which has the purpose of informing a person about a speech |
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| An effect created by arranging words so as to create a pattern in the sounds and stresses of syllables |
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| A system or series of actions which produce a result |
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| A book which lists synonyms of words |
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| A gathering in which many people present about the same topic |
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| A graph in which lines are used to illustrate the changes in a variable over time |
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| A note form which concisely outlines the speaker's main points and evidences |
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| The phenomenon in which different locations speak the same language, but with different accents or grammatical patterns |
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| Words or phrases used to indicate when a speaker moves to a new idea |
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| When you draw a conclusion based on a sample group that is too small |
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| Technical language which is related to a specific profession or trade |
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| Using someone's work as your own |
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| A combination of a person's knowledge, goals, values, and experiences which affects how they interpret a message |
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| A speech which is given in response to a speech of presentation |
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| A person who presents an oral message to a listener |
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| Speech to gain passive agreement |
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| A speech for which the purpose is to persuade an audience to agree with or support a policy |
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| Needs related to the ability of a group to complete their task |
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| Types of appeals that speakers could control such as the way speakers presented their case |
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| Using specific cases to support a general conclusion |
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| A comparison which does not use the words "like" or "as" |
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| A comparison which uses the words "like" or "as" |
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| Giving a speech without a bias |
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| A reference work containing information about geographical topics |
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| "Now that we have talked about the dangers of smoking, I will talk about the other four contributors to poor health |
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| Question addressing whether or not a statement or assertion is true |
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| Type of person that you are and your skills, i.e., education, values, speech delivery skills |
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| Goals of individual members of a group |
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| Believing your race is superior to any other |
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| When a speech is organized into topics and subtopics, which are presented in logical order |
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| Implying a link between two items, ideas, etc. |
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| A method of making a speech expressive by using inflections and changes in rate |
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| Because the brain can process words faster than a person can speak, there is extra time for the brain to think |
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| Where you introduce unrelated information that misdirects attention |
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| Quotations used as supporting evidence |
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| The number which falls at the center of a group of data when organized numerically |
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| The details of the conduct of a group, including location, agenda, and logistical issues |
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| When you attack the person raising an issue, not the issue itself |
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Definition
| The person that the speaker is attempting to communicate their message to |
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Definition
| First point shows the problem, the second the solution |
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Definition
| Meaning suggested by associates or emotions triggered by a word |
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Term
| What are the three goals of conversation and public speaking? |
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Definition
To inform
To persuade
To Entertain |
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Term
| Aristotle wrote a book entitled Rhetoric where he addressed two kinds of proofs, what are they? |
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Definition
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| What does Artistic Proofs include? |
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Definition
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| What is the most important thing about public speaking? |
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Definition
| To be clear about getting your ideas across |
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Term
| What are the four parts of the listening process? |
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Definition
1. Sensing: seeing and listening
3. Attending: focusing on the listener
4. Understanding: thinking about and understanding the words spoken
4. Remembering: fully understanding and recalling all the information presented |
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Term
| Demographics include but not limited to: |
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Definition
Gender
Age
Race/Ethnicity
Income
Education Level
Political beliefs
Occupation
Intelligence
Geographic location |
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Term
| What five items are included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? |
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Definition
1. Self-actualization
2. Esteem needs
3. Belonging and love
4. Safety
5. Physical needs |
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Term
| What are the five steps in Monroe's Motivational Sequence? |
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Definition
1. Attention - gain the audience's attention
2. Need - make the audience feel ready for a change
3. Satisfaction - give them a solution to their want for change
4. Visualization - show them the benefits of the change
5. Action - tell the audience exactly what you want them to do |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the fact that people will remember the things they hear first |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the six elements that Stephen Toulmin proposed that a practical argument must have? |
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Definition
Claim
Evidence
Warrant
Backing
Qualifier
Rebuttal |
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Term
| Their are five types of main points. What are they? |
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Definition
1. Chronological Order
2. Spatial Order
3. Causal Order
4. Problem/Solution Order
5. Topical Order |
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Term
| What are the four types of connectives/transitions? |
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Definition
1. Transitions
2. Internal Previews
3. Internal Summaries
4. Signposts |
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Term
| What are the three main types of persuasive speeches? |
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Definition
1. Questions of Fact
2. Questions of Value
3. Questions of Policy |
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Term
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Definition
| Black and white question easily summed up into "how much?" and "how many". |
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Definition
| Is about morality, rightness, wrongness, worth, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Whether or not a specific action should or should not be taken. These usually involve the word "should" in their statement |
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Term
| What are the four types of reasoning? |
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Definition
1. Deductive: using a general conclusion
2. Inductive: using specific cases
3. Analogical: reasoning by analogy
4. Causal: Implying a link between two items |
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Definition
| An argument that uses popular opinion as justification, usually with a small sample |
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Definition
| When you insist something is true because no one can prove it is false. |
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Definition
| Assuming that two things that are similar are equal |
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