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| A story that represents abstract ideas or moral qualities - has both a literal and symbolic level of meaning. |
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| a reference to a person, place, poem, book, event, etc. which is not part of the story, that the author expects the reader will recognize |
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| directly addressing a person, place, thing, or abstraction, living or dead, or absent from the work |
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| a small division of an epic or other long poem composed of numerous stanzas |
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| an interruption of the main action, accomplished by telling stories unrelated to the main plot - a technique that serves to provide background information, explain character motivation, establish interest, build suspense, and/or inform the reader of the action to come |
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| people in the book that evolve, change, or surprise the reader |
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| an extended simile that usually compares one complex concept with another - it is rich in detail |
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| the background information that the reader has to know and/or understand before reading a play or novel - usually dealt with at the beginning |
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| the use of hints or clues ina story to suggest what action is to come - frequently used to create interest and build suspense |
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| a type of literature that emphasizes an exaggeration or distortion of reality |
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| the act of drawing a conclusion that is not actually stated by the author |
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| a perception of inconsistency, sometimes humorous, in which the significance and understanding of a statement or event is changed by its concept |
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| the audience or reader knows more about a character's situation than the character does and knows that the character's understanding is incorrect |
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| an event in a story that does not happen the way the audience or reader predicts |
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| a discrepancy between what is said and what is really meant; sarcasm |
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| a comparison of two things that are basically dissimilar in which one is described in terms of the other |
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| the viewpoint from which the author wants the reader to follow or understand the work |
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| an outcome, either a reward or punishment, which can be either ironic, the opposite of what is expected, or perfectly suited to the character or situation |
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| a liberty taken by an author to achieve a desired effect; may be employed in sound, syntax, or diction, or it may be factual |
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| an expression that achieves emphasis or humor by utilizing a)two distinctly different meanings for the same word or b)two similar sounding words |
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| the use of details from any, some, or all of the five senses |
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| a comparison of two different things using either the words like or as |
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| an object, person, or place that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something larger than itself, usually an idea or concept; some concrete thing which represents an abstraction |
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| using part of something to stand for the entire thing |
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| a three-lined stanza used in a poem |
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| the central or dominant idea behind the story; the most important aspect that emerges from how the work of literature treats its subject |
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