Term
| Why is the digestive system not constantly active? |
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Definition
| To preserve energy because there are gaps between meals. |
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Term
| What are the bodies' responses to the sight and smell of food |
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Definition
| brain sends nerve impulses via the vagus nerve from the medulla in the brain. Gland cells in stomach wall secrete gastric juice. If chemoreceptors in the stomach wall detect peptides in the food impulses are sent to the brain. |
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Term
| What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a sequential series of smooth muscle contractions that pushes food through the digestive system. |
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Term
| What are the components of the gastric juice in the stomach? |
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Definition
| Hydrochloric acid, Pepsin, mucus |
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Term
| What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? |
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Definition
| denatures proteins and kills the numerous pathogens that enter the body in food and water. |
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Term
| What is the function of pepsin in the stomach? |
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Definition
| active form pepsinogen, this ensures that the cells that produce pepsinogen are not digested as protein. |
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Term
| What is the function of mucus in the stomach |
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Definition
| It lines the inside of the stomach wall to prevent stomach damage from the hydrochloric acid. |
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Term
| What are hydrochloric acid, pepsin and mucus secreted from? |
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Definition
HCl = parietal cells
Pep = the chief cells as the inactive pepsinogen.
Muc = goblet cells |
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Term
| Why are the acid conditions in the stomach useful for? |
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Definition
| favor some hydrolysis reactions and help to control pathogens in ingested food |
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Term
| How are stomach ulcers caused? |
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Definition
| open sores caused by partial digestion of the stomach lining by the enzyme pepsin and hydrochloric acid in gastric juice.cause is a bacterial infection. |
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Term
| function of large intestine |
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Definition
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Term
| name two reasons why fibres are important in the diet. |
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Definition
| it is mostly the cellulose in plant material and therefore It aids peristalsis and reduces likelihood of constipation. also, diets high in fiber reduce risk of diabetes, bowel cancer and cardiovascular disease. |
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Term
| highlight the serependipituous discovery of William beaumont's discovery about the digestive systm in the stomach. |
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Definition
| Alexis St. Martin received a gunshot wound to his side. He survived, but wound healed so that the inside of his stomach could be seen from the outside. William Beaumont treated the wound, used the opportunity to study the process of digestion and found that digestive processes within the stomach are physical. |
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