Term
| what is the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory of phonation? |
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Definition
| Voice production is a combination of muscle force (myo), tissue elasticity (elastic), and air pressures and flows (aerodynamic) |
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Term
| according to the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory what happens during inhalation? |
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Definition
| the vocal folds are abducted to either intermediate or lateral position |
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Term
| according to the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory what happens during exhalation? |
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Definition
| the intrinsic adductor muscles cause the vocal folds to approximate |
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Term
| muscles quickly balance the force of contraction against what? |
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Definition
| pressure of the exhaled airstream |
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Term
| outflow of air accelerates as it moves through increasingly narrow glottis. This is when what comes into play? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is bernoulli's principle of fluid mechanics? |
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Definition
| The sum of the static pressures and kinetic pressures in a gas is always equal to a constant |
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Term
| according to Bernoulli's law, when velocity of air between the vocal folds increases, what happens to the air pressure between the folds? |
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Definition
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Term
| according to Bernoulli's law, what happens when there's a decrease in pressure (a partial vacuum)? |
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Definition
| the vocal folds are drawn together |
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Term
| according to bernoulli's law, air pressure below the vocal folds (subglottic pressure) increases until when? |
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Definition
| until pressure is sufficient to blow the folds open again? |
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Term
| according to Bernoulli's principle, what happens as air escapes between the folds? |
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Definition
| subglottic air pressure decreases and tissue elasticity of folds as well as Bernoulli effect cause them to adduct again |
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Term
| Tension and mass of vocal folds create what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the minimum pressure required to force the folds into vibration? |
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Definition
| phonation threshold pressure |
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Term
| what is dependent on frequency of phonation and is different for males and females? |
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Definition
| phonation threshold pressure |
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Term
| what is an acoustic measure that directly reflects vibration rate of vocal folds? |
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Definition
| Fundamental frequency (F0) |
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Term
| in fundamental frequency what is equal to the number of reps per second? |
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Definition
| it's equal to the fundamental frequency of the voice |
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Term
| in fundamental frequency, what happens the faster the cycle repeats itself? |
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Definition
| the higher the pitch, the slower the cycle, lower the pitch |
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Term
| higher pitches are also related to what? |
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Definition
| to increased vocal fold length and to increased tension |
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Term
| what is the fundamental frequency norm for young children? women? men? |
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Definition
children- 350 Hz
women- 240 Hz
men- 120 Hz |
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Term
| voice would sound thin and week if not for influence of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is responsible for many quality and loudness characteristics of voice? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an acoustic phenomenon by which a vibrating structure (sound source) excited in an air-filled chamber, which in turn causes chamber walls to vibrate? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| size, shape, and resiliency of resonator |
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Term
| what are is included in the resonatory structures? |
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Definition
| pharynx, oral structures, and nasal structures |
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Term
| What is the lowest of the three registers? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is happening with the vocal folds in a falsetto? |
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Definition
| The anterior part phonates and the posterior part is open. Thus, there is variability in the way the falsetto is produced. |
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Term
| When making your voice lower, are you using you chest or head voice? |
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Definition
| chest - your can sing higher in your head voice (EG: Adele) |
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Term
| What are the two parts of the modal register? |
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Definition
| head voice and chest voice |
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Term
| intensity and loudness (dB) are what kind of terms? |
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Definition
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Term
| pitch and fundamental frequency are what kind of terms? |
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Definition
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Term
| perceptual terms (fundamental frequency and pitch) are based on what? |
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Definition
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Term
| acoustic terms (intensity and loudness) are based on what? |
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Definition
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Term
| vocal quality deviations reflect a lack of regularity in vocal fold vibration, resulting what? |
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Definition
| an aperiodic or noisy signal (shimmer or jitter) |
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Term
| what are three mechanisms of loudness change? |
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Definition
| subglottic pressure, glottal resistance, and higher energy opening and closing of the vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| from cycle to cycle the vocal folds are varying in amplitude |
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Term
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Definition
| from cycle to cycle the vocal folds are varying in frequency |
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