Term
| What feeds partially deoxygenated blood blood to the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two processes take place in the liver to modify the portal venous blood? |
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Definition
| metabolism and detoxification |
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Term
| How can the hepatic veins and portal veins be distinguished sonographically? |
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Definition
| the portal vessels have more echogenic walls than the hepatic veins |
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Term
| What three terms describe the flow of the portal vein? |
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Definition
| hepatopedal, monophasic, low velocity |
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Term
| What are the three lobes of the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many segments does the Couinaud system divide the liver into? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each segment of the liver has its own what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the importance of the sections of the liver having their own portal triad? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is portal hypertension? |
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Definition
| increased pressure in the portal venous system |
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Term
| What is it called when blood flows away from the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are collateral pathways that form due to PV htn? |
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Definition
| esophageal, splenic and rectal varices |
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Term
| What can happen to the ligamentum teres due to portal htn? |
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Definition
| embryologic recanalization |
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Term
| Because the portal system carries blood from the spleen, pancreas, stomach and mesentery, what pathology to the liver can occur as a result? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest abdominal organ in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal measurement for the length of the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 types of cells make up the liver parenchyma? |
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Definition
| hepatocytes and Kupffer cells |
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Term
| What is the function of the hepatocytes? |
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Definition
| produce bile and metabolic processing |
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Term
| What is the function of Kupffer cells? |
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Definition
| macrophages that destroy invading organisms- defense |
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Term
| What is the fibrous lining of the liver called? |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the liver is covered by the peritoneum except what part? |
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Definition
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Term
| What attaches the bare area to the diaphragm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What attach the most superior/lateral aspects to the diaphragm? |
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Definition
| right and left triangular ligaments |
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Term
| What in utero delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the heart and what does it become? |
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Definition
| umbilical vein; ligamentum teres |
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Term
| What is the name of the structure that bypasses the liver in utero? |
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Definition
| ductus venosus-shunts blood from umbilical vein directly to IVC |
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Term
| What does the ductus venosum become? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sonographically, what is the importance of the ligamentum teres and the ligamentum venosum? |
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Definition
| landmarks for differentiating lobes of the liver |
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Term
| Which lobe of the liver is divided into anterior and posterior segments? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which lobe is the largest? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which lobe is the second largest and divided into medial and lateral segments? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three structures are located in the left intersegmental fissure? |
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Definition
| left hepatic vein, ligamentum teres, and falciform ligament |
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Term
| Where is the caudate lobe located? |
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Definition
| posteroinferior surface of liver |
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Term
| This landmark divides the right and left lobes. What are 3 names for it? |
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Definition
| main lobar fissure, Rex-Cantlie line, or GB fossa |
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Term
| The ________ separates the caudate lobe from the right lobe. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the right hepatic vein located? |
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Definition
| right intersegmental fissure |
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Term
| What is located in the left intersegmental fissure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hyperechoic line anterior to the caudate lobe? |
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Definition
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Term
| The falciform ligament attaches to the ___________ and the _____________ abd wall. |
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Definition
| diaphragm; anterior abdominal wall |
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Term
| What remnant of the umbilical vein is found within the falciform ligament? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does the middle hepatic vein separate? |
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Definition
| right lobe and the medial left lobe |
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Term
| In sagittal plane, the hepatic artery usually passes _____________ to the common duct. |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following make up bile EXCEPT: water,cholesterol, bile salts,lecithin,mucin,bilirubin,biliverdin |
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Definition
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Term
| What blood proteins are synthesized in the liver? |
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Definition
| albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin |
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Term
| What blood anticoagulent is synthesized in the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three things does the liver store? |
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Definition
| vitamins, minerals and blood |
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Term
| The main portal vein should measure less than ____________in diameter |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following are liver function tests EXCEPT: albumin, bilirubin, alk phos, AST, biliverdin |
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Definition
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