Term
| After _________ and ____________, plants are on their own to acquire, store, and utilize energy for growth and maintenance. |
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Definition
| germination, utilization of seed food reserves |
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Term
| Photosynthesis and Respiration cannot occur without adequate |
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Definition
| water, minerals, light, heat |
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Term
| Photosynthesis definition |
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Definition
| the process of turning light, water, and CO2 into chemical energy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Photons strike chlorophyl and |
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Definition
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Term
| The energy from the excited photon |
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Definition
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Term
| Different photons travel at _________, and have __________ |
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Definition
| different speeds, different wavelengths |
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Term
| Each wavelength specifies one ______, and the longer the wavelength, the less _______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when a longer wavelength has less energy than a shorter one |
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Term
| Light reactions in Photosynthesis occur in the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The primary pigment in the chloroplast |
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Definition
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Term
| Light above _____ does not carry enough energy to excite an electron |
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Definition
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Term
| At 760nm, the proportion of energy converted is _____ because |
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Definition
| high, there is not a lot of energy left over after electron excitation |
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Term
| at 400nm (blue light), the proportion of energy converted is ______ because |
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Definition
| low, not all the energy is utilized by the electron and one photon can only excite one electron |
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Term
| at 525nm (green light) almost ______ is absorbed, which is why _____________ |
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Definition
| no light, plants are green |
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Term
| Cyclic phosphorylation (Photosystem 1) makes ______ by |
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Definition
| ATP, passing an electron through a series of proteins |
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Term
| How does cyclic phosphorylation (Photosystem 1) work? |
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Definition
| Each protein the electron passes through releases energy allowing ADP and Pi to form ATP. Electrons are then passed to a series of enzymes which bind H to NADP making NADPH. |
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Term
| Cyclic phosphorylation (Photosystem 1) utilizes light of _____nm |
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Definition
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Term
| Photosystem 2 (non-cyclic phosphorylation) |
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Definition
| light splits water and excites an electron. H goes to PS1 for conversion to NADPH |
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Term
| Dark reactions occur in the |
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Definition
| stroma of the chloroplast |
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Term
| ________ and _________ are active in dark reactions |
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Definition
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Term
| In dark reactions, H2 is given up by ______ to fix ______ into ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is used to transfer energy to photosynthetic precursors used in dark reactions |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 photosynthetic pathways are involved in dark reactions: ____ and ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| C3 photosynthesis: so called because |
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Definition
| the first stable compound after CO2 fixation is a 3 Carbon compound |
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Term
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Definition
| reduction, energy stored as H is transferred to carbs. H is stored when glucose or starch are formed |
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Term
| C4 photosynthesis: sos called because |
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Definition
| the first stable compound after CO2 fixation is Oxalic acid (a 4C compound) |
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Term
| C3 photosynthesis is found in |
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Definition
| all leaf parenchyma tissue |
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Term
| Respiration is the functional opposite of |
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Definition
photosynthesis
Photosynthesis builds and stores energy compounds
Respiration mobilizes stored compounds and utilizes energy |
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Term
| Factors affecting respiration |
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Definition
temperature
availability of O2
availability of carbs
tissue age (young respires more) |
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Term
| Rate of respiration doubles for every ___ over range 40-97F |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| photosynthesis-respiration |
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Term
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Definition
competition of O2 for RUDP CO2ase
causes ribulose to respire
Because RUDP CO2ase is found in mesophyll of C3 and only in the bundle sheath of C4, C4 plants are more efficient in low CO2 situations |
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Term
| Factors affecting photosynthesis and photorespiration |
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Definition
| temperature, CO2, light, wilting |
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Term
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Definition
| the point at which CO2 uptake and evolution are in equilibrium |
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Term
| Crop yields for grain is largely dependent on |
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Definition
intensity of radiation and its duration
interception of radiation
efficiency of interception
efficiency of conversion
pattern of distribution of CHO plants |
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Term
| to evaluate light interception and use, we must examine |
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Definition
total area of the leaves
efficiency of the leaf canopy
factors which modify leaf are and efficiency
duration of the leaf are which remains after pollination
day and season length |
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Term
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Definition
unit of leaf area per unit of soil area
barometer for surfaces available for light interception and utilization for a crop community rather than individual plants |
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Term
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Definition
all plants are photosynthesizing
max light interception
LAI must suit purpose for which the crop is grown
high LAI for forages and turf
lower LAI for grains |
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