Term
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Definition
| Beliefs about the underlying causes of behavior. |
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Term
| Cross-cultural Psychology |
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Definition
| Tests the cultural parameters of psychological knowledge. Research on human behavior that compares two or more cultures. |
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Term
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Definition
Culturally specific belief systems about the world.
Attitudes, Beliefs, Opinions, Values
Universal Psychological Process
Content is different for each culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychological process that is true for some people of some cultures, but not for others. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of learning about and being indoctrinated into a culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| Aspects of life that appear to differ across cultures; truths or principles that are cultur-specific |
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Term
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Definition
| Aspect of life that appear to be consistent across cultures. Universal or pancultural truths or principles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Humans continuously improve on improvements, they don't go backward or to a previous state. Progress occures because improvements move themselves upward like a ratchet. |
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Term
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Definition
| General Beliefs and premises about oneself, the social and physical environment, and the spiritual world. Relationships between two or more factors that people use to guide their daily lives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychological process that is found to be true or applicable for all people of all cultures. |
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Term
| Important Cross-cultural Psychology Journals |
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Definition
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
35 year, very first
Cross-Cultural Research
Culture and Psychology |
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Term
| Six General Catagories in which culture is discussed: |
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Definition
Descriptive-activities/behaviors assoc. w/a culture
Historical-heritage & tradition
Normative-rules and norms
Psychological-learning, problemsolving, behavior
Structural-societal or organizational
Genetic-origins |
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Term
| Murdock, Ford, & Hudson (1971) |
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Definition
| 79 Different aspects of life that are influenced by culture. |
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Term
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Definition
Eights broad categories
General characteristics
Food and clothing
Housing and Technology
Economy and Transporation
Individual and Family Activities
Community and government
Welfare, religion, and science
Sex and the life cycle |
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Term
Evolutionary Psychology
Boyer(2000) Buss (2001) |
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Definition
| People have evolved a set of motives and strivings that are ultimately related to reproductive success. |
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Term
| Culture is the product of the interaction between universal biological needs and functions, universal social problems created to address those needs, and the context in which people live. |
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Definition
| Culture is the solution to the problem of individuals adaptations to their contexts to address their social motives and biological needs. |
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Term
| Though culture is not uniquely humans, there are two differences that stand out as uniquely human: |
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Definition
| Language & complex social cognition. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to believe that other people are intentional agents who have wishes, desires, and intentions to act and behave. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uniquely human, turns on at about 9 months. |
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Term
| Specific to human social and cultural life: |
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Definition
| Complexity, differentiation, and institutionalization |
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