Term
| Is vapor pressure a function of temperature, pressure, or volume? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dalton's Law states that the sum of the partial pressures in an environment is equal to the total pressure |
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Term
| 1 atmosphere is equal to--mmHg, psi, kPa, bar |
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Definition
| 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 14.7 psi = 101 kPa = 1 bar |
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Term
| Describe how tension changes as a cylinder increases in size |
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Definition
| T=Pr FOR CYLINDERS, so as a sphere grows in size, its tension increases as well |
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Term
| State the Law of Laplace FOR SPHERES and how it appllies to ARDS |
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Definition
T = (Pr)/2
where T = tension
P= pressure
r= radius
So because tension is independent of radius for all spheres where there is a liquid-air interface, as the radius gets smaller, the pressure increases. So for the ARDS alveoli (no surfactant), as it gets smaller, the internal pressure increaes and smaller alveoli will empty into larger ones |
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Term
| Describe the Law of Laplace and tension/pressure relationship for normal alveoli |
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Definition
| Normal alveoli have surfactant, so tension increases with radius, so internal alveoli pressure doesn't change |
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Term
| What is the formula for laminar flow? |
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Definition
Flow (Q) = (3.14*radius to the fourth*change in pressure) / (8nL)
Where n= viscosity and L = length |
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Term
| What is the name of the formula for laminar flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What property determines flow when flow is laminar? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Reynolds number and how is it formulated? |
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Definition
Reynolds number describes a number when flow becomes turbulent (RN >1500-2000)
Formula is R# = (velocity x diameter x density) / viscosity |
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Term
| When flow becomes turbulent, what determines flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the Venturi Effect and Bernoulli effect |
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Definition
| When fluid flows through a constricted tube, the velocity of the fluid increases, and the lateral pressure (the pressure exerted on the walls of the tube by the fluid) decreases---this causes air entrapment |
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Term
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Definition
| Henry's Law states that the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in the gas phase |
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Term
| What is avogadro's number and what does it represent? |
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Definition
| 6.022 x 10^23, its the number of molecules in one mole of a substance |
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Term
| At STP, what volume will 1 mole of a gas occupy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is critical temperature? |
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Definition
| Its the temp at which a gas cannot be liquified, no matter the pressure |
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Term
| What is the critical temperature of O2? What is the boiing point of O2? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is adiabatic heating? |
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Definition
| When you open a tank hooked up to a pipe, the compressed gas is released into a smaller volume; pressure increases and hence temperature with it |
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Term
| What is the Joule-Thompsen effect? |
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Definition
| Adiabatic cooling (release of pressurized gas from a tank into a larger volume, ie an open rooma, causes the volume to increase, pressure stays the same, and hence temp drops) |
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Term
| Describe a full O2 e-cylinder |
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Definition
Pressure = 2200 psi
Volume = 660 L |
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Term
| Describe a full N20 e-cylinder |
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Definition
pressure = 745 psi
volume = 1590 L
The pressure does not drop until the liquid stage is gone (about 1/4 left) |
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Term
| Describe Fick's Law of Diffusion |
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Definition
| [(P1-P2)(area)(solubility)] / [(membrane thickness)(square root of molecular weight)] |
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Term
| Diffusion of a substance is described by what law? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diffusion of a gas is directly proportional to what? Inversely proportional to what? |
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Definition
| Directly--area, change in pressure, solubility Inversely--membrane thickness, molecular weight |
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Term
| Pulse oximetry is based on what law? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is most heat usually lost from the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is absolute humidity? |
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Definition
| The mass of water vapor in a given volume of air |
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Term
| What is relative humidity? |
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Definition
Its the ratio of the actual humidity compared to the maximum humidity (
RH = actual vapor pressure/saturated (max) vapor pressure |
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Term
| What is soda lime made of, does it have silica? |
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Definition
94% Ca(OH)2
5% NaOH
1%KOH
It has silica |
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Term
| What is baralyme made of? Does it have silica in it? |
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Definition
80% Ca(OH)2
20% Ba(OH)2
No silica |
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Term
| What does % concentration mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a 1:1000 solution mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is density of a gas more important with laminar or turbulent flow? |
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Definition
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