Term
| clearance rates are higher for ____ crimes |
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Definition
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Term
| why shouldn't all deviant behavior be criminal? |
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Definition
| diversity and freedom; liberal democracy is what we live in where we have abundant rights and freedoms |
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Term
| what is the american criminal justice system succeed at? |
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Definition
| tries to be fair, most humane in the world but it's ineffective, not fast, costs way too much and is becoming intrusive |
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Term
| what demonstrates the American Criminal justice system? |
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Definition
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Term
| after arrest you go 1 of 2 places: |
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Definition
| charged with a crime or let go because evidence isn't strong enough |
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Term
| if evidence isn't strong enough after an arrest, |
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Definition
| the prosecutor will not want that case and dismiss it because they are only worried about job security |
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Term
| of those charged with a crime you go to 1 of 3 places: |
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Definition
| bench trial ( you & judge only), jury trial or plea bargain with no trial |
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Term
| of those convicted you go to 1 of 3 places: |
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Definition
| prison, probation or jail |
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Term
| 98% of cases in Travis county are |
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Definition
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Term
| prison is on the ____ or ____ level while jail is on the _____ or _____ level |
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Definition
| state/federal while jail is on the county/municipal |
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Term
| what is your chance of committing a felony and getting arrested? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| do clearance rates tell you your chance of getting arrested? |
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Definition
| NO because of dark figure of crime |
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Term
| if you get charged with a crime, what are your chances of being convicted? |
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Definition
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Term
| if you commit a serious crime in US your chance of getting into prison is ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| every other advanced society has moved away from _______ but we still use it in US |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the problem with our criminal justice system? |
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Definition
| the certainty of punishment is too low. we want a weak system that's still able to instill fear |
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Term
| what drives millions into the funnel? |
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Definition
| drugs; particularly alcohol |
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Term
| why do cops pay so much attention to drunk drivers? |
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Definition
| they hurt more citizens than any other crime |
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Term
| how many people have alcohol in their system at night in austin? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| 3 giveaways to police that you are drunk |
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Definition
| driving really slow, slamming on brakes, swerving into other lanes |
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Term
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Definition
| a rule of behavior, generally agreed upon |
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Term
| behavior prohibited by the state is |
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Definition
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Term
| one of chief elements of police work is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| ____are much stronger than laws |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| during prohibition alcohol consumption |
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Definition
| increased; if you try to criminalize things people don't want criminalized it's not going to work |
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Term
| we would rather let ______ than ____ in justice system |
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Definition
| let guilty run free rather than have innocent people punished |
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Term
| an ideal system should have: |
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Definition
| no profiling, fast trial ( but let emotions settle), punishment proportionate to the crime, and it should control/reduce crime |
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Term
| in US cops solve crime in 2 ways: |
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Definition
1. suspect identified by witness or victim at initial report
2. police arrest suspect at/near crime scene |
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Term
| in a high priority call cops should be there within |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| stop by within a few days |
|
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Term
| what 2 factors determine a call's priority? |
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Definition
| seriousness of crime and time that's elapsed since the crime |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. in progress 2. recent <15 minutes 3. under an hour 4. old |
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Term
| above all else, police are trained to be |
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Definition
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|
Term
| call that has highest priority & intensity is |
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Definition
| officer down/ officer in distress |
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Term
| under what 2 circumstances are police most likely to be hurt? |
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Definition
| domestic violence/disputes or breaking up a drunk fight |
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Term
| how do police break up drunk fights? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pepper spray, tonfa & a tazer |
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Term
| cops are trained to use the tonfa to hit in the |
|
Definition
| back of leg so the person collapses |
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Term
| a tazer is great because it is used |
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Definition
| when the only other alternative would be a gun |
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Term
| what are other ways to solve crime? |
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Definition
| match MO, on-view arrest, mug book, routine traffic stops |
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Term
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Definition
| Modus Operandi- distinct characteristics of known criminal |
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Term
| why is finding criminals likely in routine traffic stops? |
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Definition
| if you're willing to break a big rule, you don't care about the small ones. |
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Term
| jury trials are _____ of convictions |
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Definition
|
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Term
| 80% of jury trials in the world occur in |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| we got the jury trial system from |
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Definition
| England who got it from the Greeks |
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Term
| large # of citizens summoned to appear in a public place, sworn in and later contacted to appear for a court case |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| who are underrepresented in impanelments? |
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Definition
| professionals and african americans |
|
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Term
| who are overrepresented in impanelments? |
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Definition
| women because they are underrepresented in the workforce |
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Term
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Definition
to speak the truth
voir- to see
dire- to speak |
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Term
|
Definition
| you are asked questions to ensure you are unbiased |
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Term
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Definition
1. an excuse for cause
2. peremptory challenge |
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Term
|
Definition
| juror presumed to be biased or incompetent *no limit for how many excuses a judge can say |
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Term
|
Definition
| can excuse juror but don't have to give ANY reason |
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Term
|
Definition
| men, rich, republican, religious because they tend to be harsher |
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Term
| OJ hired the best jury picker: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| who does jury hear from first? |
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Definition
| prosecutor -> defense --> prosecutor again |
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Term
| 1st thing juries do when coming to a decision: |
|
Definition
| elect a foreperson (tends to be male, high SES, experienced) |
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Term
| 90% of the time you can predict the verdict from the |
|
Definition
| initial vote among the jury |
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Term
| what produces a hung jury? |
|
Definition
| when the minority is large, they hold together like a coalition |
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Term
| jurors are trying to find out one thing: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| most people _____ tell when someone is lying |
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Definition
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|
Term
| how to look like you are telling the truth |
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Definition
| speak slow, make eye contact, sit up straight and have self confidence |
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Term
| humans start lying at age |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a child can fool an adult by age |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics that you are born with and cannot change |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the one characteristic that people pay lots of attention to in our society |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what makes someone physically attractive? |
|
Definition
| healthy, clear skin, face symmetry, women pear shaped with a .7 ratio men- smell and hip-shoulder ratio |
|
|
Term
| attractive defendants are more likely to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________% of the time the judge and jury come to same verdict |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| there are ____ million people incarcerated in the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in our country we think crime = _____ |
|
Definition
| prison because US invented prison |
|
|
Term
| prison incarceration skyrocketed in the 80s and 90s because |
|
Definition
| war on drugs and increased prison sentences |
|
|
Term
| when doing cocaine or heroin, the body functions the same way it does when you're |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 50% of people in US prison are |
|
Definition
African American
1 out of 3 African American men age 20-29 will be in prison |
|
|
Term
| which state has most people in prison? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the leading cause of death in prison? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average educational attainment of a US prisoner |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if all inmates were let go, the crime rate would increase |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Walnut Street Gaol 1790 Philadelphia |
|
|
Term
| Ben Frank & Quakers thought prisons would |
|
Definition
| eliminate corporal punishment and eliminate crime! |
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Term
|
Definition
| study of punishment; started in Walnut Street Gaol |
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|
Term
| Auburn System of Penology |
|
Definition
| inmates could work and eat together but NO talking because they didn't want prisons to be schools of crime |
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Term
| 1930s Federal Prison System adopted new ideas |
|
Definition
| job training, educational opportunities, better medical, eliminated silence rule |
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|
Term
| federal prisons only hold |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jails have to deal with those who are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in sociological terms, the purpose of prison is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you re-socialize a human being? |
|
Definition
| strip values & identity. cut off all contacts, take away name, clothing, sleep and hairstyle. REGIMENT their life |
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|
Term
| after ____ hours without sleep a person can undergo profound changes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. never snitch on another inmate
2. do your own time
3. don't be too close with the hacks n screws
4. don't exploit other inmates |
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