Term
| The six sources of American Law |
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Definition
1- Code of Hammurabi- first known system of law-eye for an eye justice
2- Ten Commandments- moral rules
3- Justinian Code- rules of the Romans
4- English Law- most important source of American law
5- Common law- system of law based on precedent and customs
6- Declaration of Independence/Constitution |
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| non criminal actions,divorce, child custody hearings, etc. |
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| (legal action in which a person/group sues to collect damages for some harm that is done) |
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| one who makes the complaint |
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| one who defends themselves |
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| wrongful acts for which an injured party has the right to sue |
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| less serious crime for which the penalty is often a fine |
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| is a serious crime for which the penalty can be imprisonment for more than one year |
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Term
What is a jury?
name the 3 different types |
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Definition
group of unbiased peers who decide guilt
• Grand jury-decides if there is enough evidence to bring charges or indict (16 -23 citizens)
• Petit jury-trial jury (12 citizens)
• Hung jury- jury cannot agree on a verdict |
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| brings the charges and has burden of proof |
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• Restitution- payment for damages done
• Rehabilitation-ultimate goal of the juvenile court system
• Probation-granted for lesser crimes
• Jail time |
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| laws referring to the constitution |
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| all the rules and regulations that gov’t agencies of the executive branch must issue to carry out their jobs |
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| a law written by a legislature branch of gov’t |
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| Comprises treaties, customs and agreements among nations |
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• Assault – placing someone in fear without actual physical contact
• Battery – if physical contact occurs
• Homicide – killing someone
• Murder – killing that is intentional & the killer had no legal recognized excuse
• Manslaughter – killing someone that happens by accident/in a fit of anger |
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• Larceny- taking anything of value that belongs to another person without violence
• Robbery- taking something from someone by force /with the threat of violence
• Burglary- breaking into a building planning to do something illegal |
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• Fraud- taking someone’s property/$ by cheating/lying
• Embezzlement- stealing money that has been entrusted to your care |
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| acts that primarily hurt the people who commit them |
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| Crimes against the Government |
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| treason- is the betrayal of one’s country by helping its enemies or by making war against it |
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| a good reason to believe that a suspect has been involved in a crime |
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| legal paper, issued by a court, giving police permission to make an arrest, seizure, or search |
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| defendant may enter a plea of guilty, not guilty, or a plea of “no contest” |
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| $ that a defendant gives the court as a kind of promise that they will return for the trial |
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| a formal charge against the accused |
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| court hearing in which the defendant is formally charged with a crime and enters a plea |
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| agreeing to plead guilty in exchange for a lesser charge or a lighter sentence |
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