Term
| How many cranial nerves are there, and what are their names? |
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Definition
| 12, 1.Olfactory 2.Optic 3.Oculomotor 4.Trochlear 5.Trigeminal 6.Abducens 7.Facial 8.Vestibulocochlear 9.Glossopharyngeal 10.Vagus 11.Accessory 12.Hypoglossal |
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Term
| How are tumors diagnosed? |
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Definition
| CT and high-resolution MRI |
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Term
| Why is a Craniotomy performed? |
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Definition
Any time the brain or surrounding tissues need to be accessed for any reason.
ie. tumor, epidural hematoma, brain abscess, subdural hematoma etc. |
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Term
| What are the names of the 8 bones of the cranium? |
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Definition
| 1 Frontal, 2 Parietal, 1 Occipital, 2 Temporal, 1 Sphenoid, 1 Ethmoid. |
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Term
| What is applied to each side of the marked incision for hemostasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would determine the size of the hole created for the craniotomy? |
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Definition
| The objective of the procedure (tumor removal, subdural hemorrhage) and where the bone flap is located. |
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Term
| Why are bur holes created? |
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Definition
| Bur holes are created (1 or more) to outline the size of the opening in the skull. The surgeon then uses the saw to connect the bur holes and create the bone flap. |
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Term
| What is used to hold the head in place during a craniotomy, and why? |
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Definition
| Pin fixation device, to prevent the head from moving. Any slight movements of the head when working in or around the brain can cause severe damage or even death. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a surgical opening in the skull. Used to gain access inside the skull to work on the intended pathology. |
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Term
| What are the names of the 8 layers you have to go through before reaching the Pia Mater of the brain? |
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Definition
| Skin, Fat, Periosteum, Bone, Dura Mater, Subdural Space, Arachnoid Mater, Subarachnoid Space. |
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Term
| What is the frontal lobe of the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
| Higher intellectual function, speech production, ipsilateral motor control |
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Term
| What is the Temporal lobe responsible for? |
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Definition
| Hearing, Memory, Speech perception |
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Term
| What is the Parietal lobe responsible for? |
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Definition
| Primary somatic sensory area |
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Term
| Where is Wernicke's area located and what is it responsible for? |
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Definition
| In the Temporal lobe, auditory comprehension. |
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Term
| What is the Occipital lobe responsible for? |
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Definition
| Vision and vision perception |
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Term
| What is the Diencephalon responsible for? |
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Definition
| Body temperature regulation, pituitary hormone control, autonomic nervous system responses, includes the thalamus/epithalamus/hypothalamus. |
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Term
| What is the Cerebellum responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the brain stem responsible for? |
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Definition
| Respiratory and cardiac regulation, level of awareness, reticular activating system, includes midbrain/pons/medulla oblongata. |
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Term
| What is the structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the mountains (high spots) and the valley (low spots) in the brain called? |
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Definition
Mountains - Convolutions
Valley - Sulci |
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