Term
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Definition
| The link between the PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) and the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Contained within the vertebrae, from the foramen magnum to L-2; central canal surrounded by grey matter and an outer layer of white matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Unmyelinated "H" shape, with a Dorsal Horn, and a Ventral Horn |
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Term
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Definition
| Myelinated; contains ascending and descending tracts |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory grey matter up and down the dorsal portion of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Motor grey matter up and down the ventral portion of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the spinal cord which carries sensory information to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the spinal cord which carries motor information from the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Portion of the spinal cord; cerebrospinal fluid flows through here. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sections of the spinal cord between each set of nerve roots (not the vertebrae, but the cord) |
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Term
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Definition
| "Horse's Tail"; bundle of nerves from L1 or L2 down, extending from the end of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| System of membranes that envelope the CNS (central nervous system) for protection. Consists of the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rapid, uncomplicated automatic response involving few neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| Primal protective reflexes that do not require brain input; occurs during Contract/Relax |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle is stretched and responds by stretching; a spinal reflex (such as a knee jerk); stimulates the muscle spindle cells to contract the muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of stretch reflex involving the golgi tendon organs, which respond by relaxing the muscle |
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Term
| Reflex - Effects of Massage |
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Definition
| Relax muscles, mental clarity, reduce pain, normalize system function |
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Term
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Definition
| A pathway where an impulse is received, goes to the CNS (central nervous system), and sends a reflexive response. |
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Term
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Definition
| Receptor, Sensory (afferent) Neuron, Integration center, Motor (efferent) neuron, Effector; "R-SIME" |
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Term
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Definition
| Distal end of a dendrite that receives a stimulus; examples: golgi tendon organ, muscle spindle cells (called proprioceptors) |
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Term
| Sensory (afferent) Neuron |
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Definition
| A neuron that takes the nerve impulse to the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| The role of the spinal cord in the Reflex Arc |
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Term
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Definition
| A neuron that takes the nerve impulse from the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Any tissue or organ that carries out a nervous system command |
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Term
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Definition
| 31 pairs at 31 spinal segments |
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Term
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Definition
| 31: 1 Coccyx; 5 Sacral; 5 Lumbar; 12 Thoracic; 8 Cervical |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory; attach to the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Motor; attach to the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Numbered according to the vertebrae above |
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Term
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Definition
| Numbered according to the vertebrae below |
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Term
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Definition
| The one spinal nerve with no corresponding vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| Branching out and recombining of spinal nerves into peripheral nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| C1 - C5; innervates the neck & shoulders |
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Term
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Definition
| C6 - T1; innervates the arms |
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Term
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Definition
| T12-S5; innervates the lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin segment innervated by a spinal nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle innervated by a spinal cord segment |
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Term
| Enterotome (or, Viscerotome) |
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Definition
| Organ innervated by a spinal cord segment |
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Term
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Definition
| Area of bone, cartilage or ligament innervated by a spinal segment |
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Term
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Definition
| A division of the Peripheral Nervous System; involuntary, controls smooth and cardiac muscle; has 2 divisions: Sympathetic & Parasympathetic |
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Term
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| Fight or flight; active; emergency; thoracolumbar output; widespread & long lasting effects |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| Rest & digest; craniosacral output; slow body processes; localized & short term effects |
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Term
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Definition
| Autonomic effectors receive input from both divisions (Sympathetic & Parasympathetic) at all times, but to different degrees |
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Term
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Definition
| Local tenderness; ischemic tissue; hyperfacilitated reflex arcs; referred pain; sarcolemma damage |
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Term
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Definition
| Local tenderness; ischemic tissue; hyperfacilitated reflex arcs; caused by gamma pain hyperfacilitated muscle spindle cell activation |
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Term
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Definition
| PNF technique; stimulation of the golgi tendon organ reflex that inhibits the agonist |
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Term
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Definition
| PNF technique; stimulation of antagonist golgi tendon organ that inhibits contraction in agonist |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary flaccid paralysis of the facial nerve; inability to control facial muscles |
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Term
| Nerve Compression (Etiology) |
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Definition
| Herniated disc; arthritis w/ bone spur; tumor; taut connective tissue; tight muscles |
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Term
| Nerve Compression (Signs/Symptoms) |
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Definition
| Paresthesia (abnormal sensation); motor weakness & atrophy |
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Term
| Cervical Plexus Compression (Signs/ Symptoms) |
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Definition
| Headache; neck pain; difficulty breathing |
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Term
| Cervical Plexus Compression (Causes) |
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Definition
| Vertebral subluxation; disc protrusion; forward head posture |
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Term
| Brachial Plexus Compression (Signs/ Symptoms) |
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Definition
| Paresthesia (abnormal sensation) & weakness of upper extremities |
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Term
| Brachial Plexus Compression (Causes) |
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Definition
| Vertebral misalignment; tight axillary connective tissue; whiplash; shoulder trauma; tight muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of distinct disorders that affect the nerves in the brachial plexus |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurovascular compression; median nerve is compressed at the wrist; leads to pain, paresthesia, & muscle weakness in forearm & hand |
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Term
| Lumbosacral Plexus Compression (Signs/ Symptoms) |
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Definition
| Paresthesia and weakness in lower quadrant |
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Term
| Lumbosacral Plexus Compression (Causes) |
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Definition
| Vertebral misalignment; tight connective tissue; tight muscles (sciatic nerve pain) |
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