Term
| Jails are the ____ the criminal justice system? |
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Definition
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| The nation has just over ___ jails. |
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Definition
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Term
| By far the most successful pretrial release program is: |
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Definition
| Release on recognizance(ROR) |
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Term
| Almost 60 percent of American's jails _____ prisoners for at least some of the medical care they receive. |
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Definition
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Term
| Three quarters of the jails are operated by and elected official known as a ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| One in seven jails in the United States currently operates under a court order, typically related to overcrowding. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most pressing medical problem in jails is the problem AIDS and HIV. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the 1800's jails began to change in response to: |
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Definition
| The Penitentiary movement. |
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Term
| The Jail rate is highest in the: |
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Definition
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Term
| More than half of all jail occupants are: |
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Definition
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Term
| Most jails in the United States hold fewer than 50 people. |
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Definition
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Term
| 80% of the jails in the United States have a _____ jurisdiction. |
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Definition
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Term
| Over half of the occupants in U.S. jails are _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary personnel problem facing jail administrators is probably a combination of _____ and poor working conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is less likely to be released on their own recognizance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Recently, there has been a major emphasis on programs to _____ offenders awaiting trial. |
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Definition
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Term
| The period _____ after arrest and detention is when most inmates commit suicide. |
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Definition
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Term
| Many jails in the country have no viable rehabilitative programs, and have very few trained personnel to deal with the mental health needs of most offenders |
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Definition
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Term
| Many, if not most, defendants are: |
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Definition
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Term
| At least ______ people are detained in a jail at some time during the year. |
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Definition
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Term
| Section 1983 allows inmates to sue public officials for constitutional violations |
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Definition
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Term
| What case was instrumental in ensuring that women's prisons had programs comparable to that of male prisons? |
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Definition
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Term
| A prison designed and organized to permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as is consistent with the concept of incarceration is a ______ prison. |
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Definition
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Term
| When their mothers are in prison, most children are placed in foster care. |
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Definition
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Term
| As state's deal with severe budgetary problems the future of private prisons is: |
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Definition
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Term
| At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: |
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Definition
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Term
| Long term inmates are recognized as those who suffer from: |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ was the first person to advocate for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prior to the reform movement in the 1800's, women in Europe and the United States were: |
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Definition
| Housed with men and other prisoners are treated as they were. |
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Term
| Generally, women's prisons lack not only adequate vocational and educational programs but also: |
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Definition
| Nutritional services, recreational services, and medical services. |
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Term
| The 1960's and 70's reflected the dominance of the rehabilitative model toward inmates. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has: |
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Definition
| Ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. |
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Term
| Sarah Doremus and Abby Gibbons formed the Women's Prison Association in New York to improve female living conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the authors, in the correctional system women are known as the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The first independent female-run prison was established in ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: |
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Definition
| Sexual misconduct by male officers. |
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Term
| A _____ prison is designed to prevent escapes and violence but in a less rigid atmosphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| The American Correctional Association determines all prison classification in the country. |
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Definition
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Term
| When women are released to the community, many must deal with which of the following? |
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Definition
| Being poor, regaining custody of the children, Drug addiction. |
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Term
| The first and basic "essentials of due process" are required by juvenile offenders was determined in what landmark case? |
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Definition
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Term
| The first juvenile court was established in: |
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Definition
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Term
| A child who is not receiving proper care because of an action or inaction of parents is a ______ child. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most correctional professionals believe juveniles are more susceptible than adults to the influence of treatment programs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Assumptions about the "normalcy" of delinquency depend on how the misbehavior fits the juvenile's: |
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Definition
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Term
| The first decision made in a juvenile court is to: |
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Definition
| File a petition of juvenile jurisdiction. |
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Term
| Research shows that _____ juveniles are carrying guns than before. |
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Definition
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Term
| This case stated that jury trials are not required for juvenile court hearings: |
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Definition
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Term
| conflicts between a child and adult may promote delinquency as the child's way of "getting back" or unintentionally calling attention to the conflict. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ____ is considered a transfer to adult court. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aftercare operates in a way similar to: |
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Definition
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Term
| This case required a standard of "beyond a doubt" for delinquency matters: |
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Definition
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Term
| During the Refuge Period the first institution where delinquent, abused, and neglected children could learn good work and study habits, live in a disciplined an healthy environment, and develop character was the House of Refuge in: |
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Definition
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Term
| A ____ child has no parent or guardian or whose parents are unable to give proper care. |
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Definition
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Term
| Juvenile crime is an individual Phenomenon. |
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Definition
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Term
| Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony believe the child was: |
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Definition
| Evil and in need of discipline. |
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Term
| The _____ Poor Laws established the basic for officials to take charge of vagrant and delinquent children. |
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Definition
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Term
| Age is the best predictor of recidivism. |
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Definition
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Term
| Levels of gang activity ____ through the 1990's. |
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Definition
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Term
| The impact of juvenile treatment programs differs from adults programs in that they show a _____ success rate than adults. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Federal Bureau and Prisons was created within: |
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Definition
| The Department of Justice. |
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