Term
| Definition of Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the bulbar and or palpebral conjunctiva or less than 4 week duration |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common eye disorder accounts for 1-2% of all ambulatory office visits Most likely dx in a patient with red eye and discharge |
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Term
| Etiology of conjunctivitis Infectios and nonifectious |
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Definition
Infectious
Bacterial 5%
Viral 95%
Nonifectious
Allergic
nonallergic |
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Term
| Etiology of Acute bacterial Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Acute
Staphylococci Aureus- adults
Strep Pneumno, H- Influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginos (contacts) |
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Term
| Pathophysiology of ACUTE Bacterial conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Invading bacteria induce antigen-antibody inmmune reaction and subsequent inflammation. 2 results self eradication or infection |
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Term
| Presentation of Acute bacterial Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
injection (redness)
Mucopurulent discharge
matted eyelids and lashes
Mild discomfort
Normal vison
usually unilater but can be bilateral |
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Term
| Risk factors for Acute bacterial Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
History of contact with infected persons (direct contact or surfaces that are contaminated)
Contact lenses |
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Term
| prognosis for Acute bacterial conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Resolves on own in 10-14 days
2-3 days wtih treatment you dont have to treat Acute but it will decrease transmission |
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Term
| Most common treatment for Acute bacterial Conjuctivitis |
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Definition
| Erythromycin ointment 1/2 inch bid-qid x 5 days. Sulfa drops 2gtts q4h while awake x 5 days. Bacitracin ointment. Fluoroquinolone drops |
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Term
| Patient education for acute bacterial conjunctivitis |
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Definition
wash hands freq
Aviod rubbing eyes
don't share washcloths, towels, pillowcases
don't share eyedrops or cosmetics |
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Term
| Etiology for Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Neisseria species particulary N. Gonorrhoeae |
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Term
| Presentation of hyperacute B. Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
copious purulent discharge within 12 hrs of inoculation
rapidly progressive
rednees, irritation, tenderness, lid swelling, Most importnat TENDER PREAURICULAR ADENOPATHY |
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Term
| Treatment of hyperacute B. Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Ophthalmological emergency
DX confirmed by culture
Copious irrigation w/ saline solution
single 1 gram dose ceftriaxone IM topical ABX may be added see patient daily |
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Term
| Etiology of Chlamydial conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Trachom- chlamydia trachomatis A-C not is USA
Inclusion conjunctivitis-Chlamydia trachomatis D-K in USA |
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Term
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Definition
endemic is 48 countries
Major cause of Blindness WORLD wide |
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Term
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Definition
majority asymptomatic
repeated inflammtion of follicular leads to eyelid scarring which leads to entropion and subsequent trichiasis
eyelash abrasion leads to corneal opacification and blindness |
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Term
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Definition
Azithromycin 20mg single dose oral
Azithromycin drops bid 2-3 days if oral not available
surgery
corneal transplant |
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Term
| Inclusion conjunctivitis Epidemiology |
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Definition
Adult chlamydial conjuctivitis is a STD
more women the men affected
3-4 million cases each year in US and close to 90 million world wide |
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Term
| Presentation of inclusion conjunctivits |
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Definition
usually unilateral
redness, discharge, irritation
preauricular lymphadenopathy
Swollen lids
concurrent asymptomatic urogential infection |
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Term
| Treatment of inclusion conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Doxycycline, tetracycline, erythromycin or azithromycin 1 dose |
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Term
| Neonatal conjunctivitis definition |
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Definition
| conjuctivitis that occurs within the first 4 weeks of life |
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Term
| Etiology of neonatal Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
N. Gonorrhea-24-48 hours
Bacteria staph, strep, H influ 2-5 days
Virus herpes simplex 1 and 2- 3-15 days serious but rare
Chlamydia- 5-14 days 20- 40% transmission |
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Term
| Neonatal Conjunctivitis Diagnosis |
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Definition
| Gold standard-Isolation by culture |
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Term
| Treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Chlamydia-oral erythromycin 50mg/kg/day in four divided doses for 14 days
Gram + erythromycin0.5% ointment 4 times a day
Gram - PCN G drops
Gram - others Gentamicin or tobramycin ointments
Viral- Trifluorothymidine drops every 2 hours for 7 days |
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Term
| Epidemiology or viral conjunctivitis |
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Definition
extremly common in US
equal in men and women
Highly contagious |
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Term
| Etiology of viral Conjuntivitis |
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Definition
Pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF) most commonly caused by adenovirus type 3
Epidemic keratoconjuctivitis (EKC) caused by adenovirus types 8, 19, 29, and 37 |
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Term
| Presentation of Pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF) |
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Definition
injection, watery or mucoid discharge, buring, and sandy feeling of eye
tarsal conjunctiva may have follicular or bumpy appearance
may have viral prodome with adenopathy, fever, pharyngitis and malaise
palpable preauricular lymphadenopathy |
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Term
| Presentation of Epidemic keratoconjuctiveitis (EKC) |
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Definition
injection, watery or mucoid discharge, swollen lids, burning sensation
may have severe forgein body sensation
Keratitis with corneal infiltrates the degrade acuity
may have pseudo membrane (can peel off) |
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Term
| Treament of PCF and EKC viral conjunctivitis |
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Definition
Symptomatic-cold compress are soothing
most resolve spontaneously w/in days to weeks 1-3 weeks
with EKC consider referal to Ophtho |
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Term
| Patient education on viral conjunctivitis |
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Definition
highly contagious for 1-2 weeks
wash hand often
don't share towels or makeup |
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