Term
| What is the underlying thesis of the contemporary occupational therapy theory? |
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Definition
| The contemporary occupational therapy theory states that when someone engages in an occupation, that person's unique characteristics interact with the specific occupation being done, creating a dynamic that leads people to think, feel, and behave in ways that they would not otherwise. Studies have shown that the kind of occupation in which a person engages can change how the persons move their bodies, how effectively they can plan and attend to what they do, how much effort they use, and what they experience |
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Term
| The conceptual foundations that guide O.T.'s in their everyday work include three types of knowledge. What are they? |
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Definition
1. knowledge that defines the nature, purpose, scope, and value of occupational therapy practice
2. knowledge that enables them to understand the problems their clients are having and to know how to work with their clients to overcome these problems
3. knowledge that comes form other fields
NOTE: these three types of knowledge are referred to as a paradigm, conceptual practice models and related knowledge |
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Term
| Why is the paradigm important for OT's? |
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Definition
| Because it is the innermost core of knowledge in that it directly addresses the identity of occupational therapy |
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Term
| What surrounds the OT paradigm? |
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Definition
| Surrounding the paradigm are several conceptual practice models that provide the unique concepts, evidence, and resources that occupational therapists use in their practice. |
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Term
| What is the final layer of knowledge conceptual foundations? |
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Definition
| The final layer, related knowledge is a collection of concepts,facts, and techniques from other fields that we use to supplement our knowledge |
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Term
| Why is the paradigm important? |
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Definition
| The paradigm grew from observation of how members of any discipline share a common vision (a collection of perspectives, ideas, and values that together constitue their unique perspective). The paradigm unifies the field and defines the nature and purpose of OT. It is made up of core constructs, a vocal viewpoint and values. |
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Term
| What are the elements of the paradigm? |
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Definition
1. Core constructs
2. Focal Viewpoint
3. Values |
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Term
| What are the components of a Conceptual Practice Model? |
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Definition
Models can be thought of as having the following components:
1. Theory that explains some phenomena important to practice
2. Practice resources ( assessment protocols, instruments, and therapeutic methods)
3. Research and evidence base that test the theory and demonstrate how the model works in practice |
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Term
| What was the central premise of the moral treatment paradigm? |
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Definition
| "participation in the various tasks and events of everyday life could restore persons to more healthy and satisfying functioning. |
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Term
| Proponents of moral treatment believed that people became mentally ill because they succumbed to... |
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Definition
| external pressures by adopting faulty habits of living, becoming disengaged from the mainstream of life. Moreover, they believed that society had an obligation to help those with mental illness return to a satisfying life pattern. Participation in occupation helps the person maintain control over their disorder |
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Term
| According to the moral treatment, the central factors in mental illness were.....? |
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Definition
| Poor physical, temoral, and social aspects of the hospital environment which led to bad habits of living |
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Term
| EBP integrates three elements, what are they? |
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Definition
1. Clinical reasoning
2. best available clinical evidence
3. Patient perferences and values |
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Term
| What are the three types of clinical reasoning? |
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Definition
1. Procedural
2. Interactive
3. Conditional |
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Term
| A paradigm influences the identity of OT's in three ways, what are they? |
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Definition
1. Core constructs
a) Identity
i.) why the service is needed
ii.) what kinds of problems OT addresses
iii.) how OT's solve problems
2. Focal viewpoint
a) directs practitioners attention to certain things in practice and offers a way of seeing those things
3.Integrative values
a.) identitfy whats important and what should be done in practice |
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Term
| According to the Moral Treatment approach, how was health promoted? |
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Definition
| By developing good habits |
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Term
| What two people were influential in the development of Moral Treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What led to the decline of the Moral Therapy approach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the core constructs of the original OT paradigm? |
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Definition
Humans need to be occupied
Participation in occupation shapes the body and mind
Occupation consists of alternating between thinking, existing, and acting
Habits maintain the rhythm and balance of life
Mind and body are linked
Idleness leads to disease
Occupation is used as a therapeutic tool to restore lost function |
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Term
| What was the focal viewpoint of the original OT Paradigm? |
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Definition
| Focused on the mind and body and viewed motivation as critical to recovery |
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Term
| What were the values of the original OT paradigm? |
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Definition
| Holism, and the restoration of patient dignity thru the participation in meaningful activities, function is lost if broken down into parts, dynamic systems interact with the environment, objective and subjective perspective |
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Term
| Where did the criticism to the Original OT pardigm originate? |
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Definition
| From the reductionism in the medical field |
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