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Definition
| the acceleration produced by net force on an object is the same direction as the net forceand is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. |
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is the friction acting on something moving through the air is a vrey common form of fluid friction. |
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| Is a diagram showing all the forces actin on an object |
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| Is that two values change in opposite directions |
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| a pascal is one newtion per square meter |
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is the amount of force per unit of area |
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| is when acceleration terminates |
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Definition
is when an object is moving downward |
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| Every object continues in a state of rest or of motion in a straight line, at constant speed, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces exerted upon it. |
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Definition
The acceleration produced by a net force on an object is directly porportional to the magnitude of the net force, is in the same direction as the net force, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Fnet=ma |
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Definition
| Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object. |
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| the average distance traveled |
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| the mesured duration of an event |
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| Is the speed at any one moment |
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| How fast something is moving; the path distance moved per time. The magnitude of the velocity vector. |
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| Speed together with direction. |
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| One of the vectors often mutually perpendicular whose sum is a resultant vector. |
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Definition
| ANy object that moves through the air or through space, acted on only by gravity (and air resistance, if any) |
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| Motion of an object turning around an axis outside the object |
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The vector sum of two or more component vectors. |
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| An object that falls around earth or some other body rather than falling into it. |
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| Transfers energy, there are two types of waves, Transverse, and Longitudinal |
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| a single crest or trough or a single compression or rarefaction |
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| any particle on the wave moves perpendicular to the direction of the waves motion |
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| Upward displacement on a transverse wave |
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| Downward displacement on a transverse wave |
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| where the particles are normally located |
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| Maximum displacement on any particle along the wave |
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| Number or cycles per seconds, units for frequency are hertz |
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| Is distance over time the wave travels |
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Definition
| Time for one complete oscillation, time for one complete wave cycle. |
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Definition
| distance from crest to crest or trough to trough in a transverse wave, or compression to compression or rarefaction to rarefaction in a longitudinal wave |
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Definition
| An area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are pushed together or compressed |
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Definition
| An area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart |
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Definition
| A physical quantity varies inversely as another quantity squared. Example: Illumination varies inversely as the square of the distance from the source. |
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Term
| Law of Universal Gravitation |
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Definition
| For any pair of objects, each object attracts the other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the objects, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass. |
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Definition
| The deviation of an orbiting object from its path around a center of force caused by the action of an additional center of force |
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Term
| Universal Gravitational Constant |
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Definition
| The constant G in the equation for Newton's law of universal gravitation; measures the strength of gravity |
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Definition
| A mass that has collapsed to so great a density that its enormous local gravitational field prevents light from escaping |
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Definition
That which exists in the space surrounding a mass, electric charge, or magnet, so that another mass, electric charge, or magnet introduced to this region will experience a force. Examples of force fields are gravitational fields, electric fields, and magnet fields |
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Definition
| A force field that exists in the space around every mass or group of masses. |
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| The cutoff of light from the full moon when earth is directly between the sun and the moon, so that earth's shadow is cast on the moon |
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Definition
| A tide that occurs when the moon is halfway between a new moon and a full moon, in either direction. The tides due to the sun and the moon partly cancel, so that the high tides are lower than average and the low tides are not as low as average |
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Definition
| The cutoff of light from the sun to any observer on Earth when the moon is directly between the sun and Earth |
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Definition
| A high or low tide that occurs when the sun, earth, and moon are all lined up so that the tides due to the sun and moon coincide, making the high tides higher than average and the low tides lower than average |
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Definition
| The condition of free fall toward or around earth, in which an object experiences no support force (and exerts no force on a scale.) |
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| The point in a satellite's elliptical orbit farthest from the center of earth |
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| AN oval-shaped curve that is the path of a point that moves such that the sum of its distances from two fixed points (foci) is constant |
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| The minimum speed necessary for an object to escape permanently from a gravitation field that holds it. |
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| For an ellipse, one of the two points for which the sum of the distances to any point ont eh ellipse is constant. A atellite orbiting earth moves in an ellipse that has earth at one focus. For optics, the point where parallel light rays converge |
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Definition
| The point in a sattelite's elliptical orbit where it is nearest the center of Earth |
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Definition
The time required for a complete orbit, the time required for a pendelum to make one to-and-fro swing. In general, the time required to complete a single cycle. |
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| The positions on a standing wave where the largest amplitudes occur. |
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Definition
| An increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; called the blue shift because the apparent increase is toward the high-frequency, or blue, end of the color specturm. Also occurs when an observer approaches a source. |
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Definition
| The V shaped wave produced by an object moving ona liquid surface faster than the wave speed |
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Definition
| Addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting waveof increased amplitude |
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| One of the places ina wave where the wave is highest or the disturbance is greatest |
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Definition
| Combination of waves where crests of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting ina wave of decreased amplitude. |
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Definition
| The change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or of the reciever |
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Definition
| Term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time so that their effects reinforce each other. |
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Definition
| A pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time. |
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| A wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as as that in which the wave is traveling, rather than at right angles. |
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Definition
| Any part of a standing wave that remains stationary. |
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| Term applied to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other. |
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Definition
| A decrease in the measured frequency of light (or other radiation) from a receding source; called the red shift because the decrease is toward the low-frequency, or red, end of the color spectrum. |
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Definition
A cone-shaped wave produced by an object moving at supersonic speed though a fluid |
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Definition
| Periodic motion in which acceleration is proportional to the distance from an equilibrium position and is directed toward the equilibrium |
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Definition
| A curve whose shape represents the crests and troughs of a wave, astraced out byh a swinging pendelum that drops a trail of sand over a moving conveyor belt |
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Definition
The sharp crack heard when th shock wave that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches the listener |
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Definition
| Wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appears not to be traveling. The result of interference beween an incident wave and a reflected wave. |
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Definition
| A wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling |
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Definition
| One of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest, or the disturbance in greatest, in the opposite direction from the crest |
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Definition
| An oscillation or repeating back-and-forth motion, about an equilibrium |
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Definition
| A "wiggle in space and time"; a disturbance tht repeats regularly in space and time and that is transmitted progresivly from one place to the next with no actual transport of matter. |
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Definition
| the distnace from the top of the crest of a wave to the top of the following crest,or equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave. |
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Definition
| A throbbing variation in the loudness of sound caused by interference when two tones of slightly different frequencies are sounded together |
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Definition
| In mechanics, the act of squeezing material and reducing its volume. In sound, a pulse of compressed air (or other matter); opposite of rarefaction |
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| The vibration of an object that is made to vibrate by another vibrating object that is near by. The sounding board in a musical instrument amplifies the sound through forced vibration. |
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| Term applied to sound pich too low to be heard by the human ear, that is, below 200 Hz |
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Definition
A frequency at which an elastic object, once energized, will vibrate. Minimum energy is required to continue vibration at that frequency. Also called resonant frequency. |
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| Term that refers to ow high or low sound frequencies appear to be. |
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| A phenomenonthat occurs when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches he objects natural frequency and a dramatic increase in amplitude results. |
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| Term applied to soyund frequencies above 20,000 hertz, the normal upper limit of human hearing. |
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| the rate at which velocity is changing. The change may be in magnitude direction, or both |
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| Path distance divided by time interval |
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| The time that has passed since the beginning of an event |
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| Motion under the influence of gravitational foce only |
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| Speed at any instant of time. |
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| In physics, how fast something happens, or how much something changes per unit of time; a change in a quantity divided by the the time it takes for the change to occur |
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| Regarded in relation to something else. Depends on point of view, or frame of referance. Sometimes referred to as "with respect to" |
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| how fast something is moving; the path distance moved per time. The magnitude of the velocity vector |
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| Speed together with the direction of motion |
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| Any object that moves through the air or through space, acted on only by gravity, (and air resistance if any) |
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| The process of resolving a vector into component. In optics a measure of how well closely adjacent optical images are distinguished |
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| The vectior sum of two or more component vectors |
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| An object that falls around earth or some other body rather than falling into it |
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| A quantity in physics, such as mass, volume, and time, that can be completely specified by its magnitude, and has no direction |
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| an arrow whose length represents the magnitude of a quantity and whose direction represents the direction of the quantity. |
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| a quantity in physics such as a force that has both magnitude and direction |
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Definition
| In general, a state of balance, a state of body on which no net force acts. |
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| Any influence that tends to accelerate an object, a push or a pull, its measured in Newtons. |
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| The force that acts to resist the relative motion, of objects or materials of contact. |
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| The reluctance of any body to change its shape of motion, mass is the measure of inertia. |
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| the fundamental SI unit of mass |
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| The combinations of all the forces that act on an object |
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| A measure of an objects inertia, also a measure of matter in an object. |
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| For an object resting on a horazontal force its also known as the support force. |
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| the force on a body due to the gravitational gravity. Also commonly known as Earth. |
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| Friction, or drag, that acts on something moving through the air. |
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| Anything htat flows; in particular, any liquid or gas. |
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| A diagram showing all the forces acting on an object |
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| The acceleration produced by a net force on a body is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, is in the same direction as the net force, and is inverseluy proportional to the mass of the body. |
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Definition
| The SI unit of pressure. One pascal, (Symbol Pa) of pressure exerts a normal force of one newton per square meter. |
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Definition
| The speed at which the acceleration of a falling object is zero because friction balances the weight. |
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| Terminal speed together with the direction of motion (down for falling objects.) |
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| One pair of forces described in Newton's third law |
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Definition
| Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first |
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Definition
| A mutual action between objects where each object exerts an equal and opposite force on the other |
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| The force that is equal in strength and opposite in direction to the action force, which acts simultaneously on whatever is exerting the action force. |
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| The straight line around which an object may rotate or revolve. A horizontal or vertical reference line in a graph. |
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| Motion of an object turning around an axis outside the object |
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| An apparent outward force on a rotating or revolving body. It is fictitious in the sense that it is not part of an interaction but is due to the tendency of a moving body to move in a straight-line path. |
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Definition
| The spinning motion that takes place when an object rotates about an axis located within the object usually an axis through the center of mass). |
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| A center directed force that causes an object to move in a curved (sometimes circular) path. |
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| The number of rotations or revolutions per unit of time; often measured in rotations or revolutions per second or per minute. (RPM) |
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| the path distance movied per unit of time |
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| The speed of an object moving along a circular path |
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| Term applied ot a physical quantity, such as momentum, energy, or electric charge, that remains unchanged during interactions. |
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| Collision in which colliding objects rebound without lasting deformation or heat generation. |
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| Product of force and time interval during which the force acts. Impulse equals momentum change. |
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A collision in which the colliding objects become distorted and / or generate heat during the collision. |
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| Law of conservation of momentum |
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Definition
| In the absencense of a net external force, the momentum of an object or system of objects us unchanged |
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| The product of the mass and the velocity of an object (provided the speed is much less than the speed of light). Has magnitude and direction (a vector quantity). Also called Linear momentum. |
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| Law of Conservation of Energy |
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| The SI unit of electric resistance. One ohm is the resistance of a device that draws a current of one ampere when a voltage of one volt is impressed across it. |
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| The statement that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage impressed across the circuit, and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. |
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| The diference in electric potential, between two points. Free charge flows when there is a difference, and will continue until both points reach a common potential. |
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| A device, such as a dry cell or generatior, that provides a potential difference. |
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