Term
|
Definition
| One of most popular IPv6 tunneling standards, only 1 of 4 that can go through a NAT |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dominant IPv6 tunneling protocol because doesn't need a tunnel broker. Usually used to connect 2 routers because it normally requires a public IPv4 IP address |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fiber Ethernet, 10 Mbps via baseband signaling. Max distance, 2km |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ethernet Lan designed to run on UTP cabling. 10Mbps via baseband signaling. Max distance, 100m |
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Term
|
Definition
| 10-Gbe standard using 1550-nm single mode fiber. Max distance, 40km |
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Term
|
Definition
| 10-Gbe standard using 1310-nm single mode fiber. Max distance, 10km |
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Term
|
Definition
| 10-Gbe standard using 850-nm multimode fiber. Max distance, 300m |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 10-Gbe standard using Cat6a UTP. Max distance 100m |
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|
Term
| 10-Gigabit Ethernet (10 Gbe) |
|
Definition
| Currently the fastest Ethernet designation available, copper and fiber standards. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ethernet LAN on fiber. 100Mbps via baseband signaling. Max distance 400m/half duplex or 2km/full duplex |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ethernet LAN run on UTP. 100Mbps via baseband signaling (2 pairs of wires on Cat 5 or greater) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ethernet LAN on UTP. 100Mbps (Uses four-pair Cat 3 or better)(100BaseT made obsolete) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Technically accurate but little used name for 100BaseT |
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Term
|
Definition
| most common connection on back of an RJ-45 and patch panels |
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Term
|
Definition
| port-authentication network access control mechanism for networks |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Gigabit Etherent using unique copper. Max distance, 25m |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gigabit standard using Singlemode fiber. Max distance, 220 to 550m |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gigabit Etherent standard using multimode fiber. Max distance 5km |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gigabit Ethernet standard using Cat5e/6 UTP. Max distance 100m |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gigabit Ethernet standard. 802.3z. All gigabit standards except 1000BaseT (802.3ab standard) |
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Term
|
Definition
| List of the IP addresses and names of all systems on a DNS server domain |
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|
Term
| AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) |
|
Definition
| Security philosophy, computer connecting to network must have credentials to connect, limitable permissions, records session information about client |
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|
Term
| AUP - Acceptable Use Policy |
|
Definition
| Document that defines what a a person man and may not do on a a computer or network |
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|
Term
| ACL - Access Control List |
|
Definition
| List of permissions that specifies what an authenticated user may perform on a shared resource |
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Term
|
Definition
| Directory service used in networks with windows servers, creates organization of related computers that share windows domains |
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|
Term
| ARP -Address Resolution Protocol |
|
Definition
| protocol in the TCP/IP suite used in cmd line to determine MAC address that corresponds with an IP |
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|
Term
| AES - Advanced Encryption Standard |
|
Definition
| block cipher, uses 128-bit block size, and 128-,192-, or 256-bit key size |
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Term
|
Definition
| program that monitors types of web sire user frequents,uses data to target advertisements (pop-ups) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Router hierarchy, every router underneath a router always uses a subnet of the preceding router's existing routes |
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Term
|
Definition
| method of addressing group of computers a though they were a single computer. Many computers with same IP, advanced routers send data to closest computers |
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Term
|
Definition
| Address assigned to routers in an OSPF network to prevent flooding beyond routers of that network. (Open Shortest Path First) |
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Term
|
Definition
| PING cmd that uses ARP cmd instead of ICMP. Does not cross routers, only within a broadcast domain |
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|
Term
| ADSL -Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line |
|
Definition
| fully digital dedicated connection. 9Mbps down 1Mbps up |
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Term
|
Definition
| Encryption Method in which key to encrypt is different than the key to decrypt |
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|
Term
| ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode |
|
Definition
| Network technology using Cat 5 or better UTP/fiber. 25 to 622 Mbps |
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Term
|
Definition
| Degradation of signal over distance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Process that proves good data traffic truly came from where it says it originated. Verifies sender and receiver. |
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|
Term
| AS - Authentication Server |
|
Definition
| In Kerberos, system that hands on Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs)to clients after comparing the client hash to its own |
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|
Term
| Authoratative DNS Servers |
|
Definition
| DNS servers that hold IP addresses and names of systems for domain/domains in its forward lookup zone |
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Term
|
Definition
| A step in the AAA philosophy during which the client's permissions are decided upon. |
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|
Term
| APIPA - Automatic Private IP Addressing |
|
Definition
| Networking feature of OSs that enables DHCP clients to self configure IP address and subnet mask when a DHCP server is not available |
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Term
|
Definition
| One or more networks that are governed by a single protocol within that AS |
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Term
|
Definition
| Digital signaling that only has one signal on the cable at a time, Signal in 1 of 3 states, on, off or idle |
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Term
|
Definition
| Static image of a system or network's performance when all elements are known to be working properly |
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|
Term
| BRI - Basic Rate Interface |
|
Definition
| Basic ISDN configuration consisting of 2 B channels (64kbps) and one D channel (16kbps) (voice or data vs config & data) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Wireless networking: a single WAP servicing a given area |
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Term
|
Definition
| Naming scheme in wireless neworks |
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Term
|
Definition
| An analog cycle on a telephone line |
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Term
|
Definition
| number of bauds per second, due to frequency modulation baud rate can be higher than 1 bps |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| number of bauds per second, due to frequency modulation baud rate can be higher than 1 bps |
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|
Term
| Bearer Channel - B Channel |
|
Definition
| ISDN channel that carries data and voice information at 64 kbps |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Scan fingerprints or retinas, soind of users voice, fool proof replacement for passwords and smart devices |
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|
Term
| BERT - Bit Error Rate Test |
|
Definition
| End to end test that verifies a T carrier connection |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| encryption algorithm in which data is encrypted in chunks, popular in wired networks |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 or more NICs in a system working together to increase performance |
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|
Term
| BOOTP - Bootstrap protocol |
|
Definition
| component of TCP/IP that allows computers to receive an IP from a DHCP server prior to booting the OS. Also can discover IP of default Gateway for subnet, IPs of any name servers |
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|
Term
| BGP-4 Border Gateway Protocol |
|
Definition
| Exterior gateway routing protocol, enables groups of routers to share data for efficient, loop-free routes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Device that connects 2 networks, passes traffic based on node address. OSI layer 2 |
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Term
|
Definition
| negative situation when switches are configured in a loop. SPF protocol prevents by turning off looping ports |
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Term
|
Definition
| early type of DSL, always on network, worked like a LAN |
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Term
|
Definition
| Analog signaling that sends multiple signals over a cable at the same time |
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Term
|
Definition
| packet addressed to all machines, usually limited to a broadcast domain |
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Term
|
Definition
the address a NIC attaches to a frame it wants every other NIC on network to read.
255.255.255.255 TCP/IP FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF MAC |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Collision Domain, network of computers that will hear each other's broadcast |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Network Topology using a single bus cable that connects all computers in a line. Requires termination |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Device that can tap a 66- or 110- block to see if a line is working |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Very powerful cable testing device, test electrical characteristics of cable generates certification report EIA/TIA standards |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bridge for DOCSIS to ethernet, usually the demarc |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| for organizing cables in drop ceilings |
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Term
|
Definition
| Do not foward lookup zones. Resolve names of systems for the network but do not provide other DNS servers with names |
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Term
|
Definition
| list kept by a DNS server of IPs it has resolved, prevents re-resolving |
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Term
|
Definition
| printer uses a local LPT port, supports older programs that can't print directly to a UNC named printer |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| European standard that established V standards for modems |
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|
Term
| Change Management Documentation |
|
Definition
| set of documents that defines procedures for changes to the network |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of the wireless spectrum on which a particular wireless network operates |
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|
Term
| CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol |
|
Definition
| remote access authentication protocol, serving system challenges the remote client which provides an encrypted password |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| error detection method adds a bit at end that reflects dumber of data bits in a packet |
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|
Term
| CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing |
|
Definition
| method of categorizing IPs in order to distribute them |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| series of complex and hard to reverse mathematics run on string of 1s 0s |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| output of cleartext run through a cipher algorithm using a key |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of fiber that does the reflecting |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| contiguous chunk of IPs passed out by IANA |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a subnet that does not fall into common A B or C categories |
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|
Term
| Client/Server Application |
|
Definition
| Application that performs some or all of its processing on the server, client receives results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| network that has dedicated servers and clients |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| result of 2 nodes transmitting at the same time on a multiple access network, packets lost or partial |
|
|
Term
| CIFS - Common Inerenet File System |
|
Definition
| protocol the NetBIOS used to share folders and printers still used on UNIX systems |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cipher and the methods used to implemenet the cipher |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| device brings together a common center of connections, implements the network internally |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| set of docs, procedures, and policies that help to maintain and update a network logically |
|
|
Term
| Configuration Management Documentation |
|
Definition
| docs that define the configuration of the network: wiring diagrams, network diagrams, baselines, policy/procedure/config docs |
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|
Term
| Connection-Oriented Communication |
|
Definition
| protocol that establishes between hosts before transmitting data. TCP |
|
|
Term
| Connectionless Communication |
|
Definition
| protocol that does not establish and verify before transmitting data. UDP |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| advanced networking device works at Layer 7 hides servers behind a single IP |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| physical connection of wires in a network |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cheap network tester can only check for continuity on wire |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| point at which all the routing tables for all routers in a network are updated |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| all files on a system are backed but the archive bit does not change |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| predefined event that is recorded to a log file |
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|
Term
| CRC Cyclical Redundancy Check |
|
Definition
| Ethernet packets. method that is used to check for errors in long streams of transmitted data at high accuracy. Compares CRC values. |
|
|
Term
CSMA/ CA
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance |
|
Definition
| Access method used in wireless networks. Devices send a signal first to check if wire is free, then either sends or waits random amount of time |
|
|
Term
CSMA/CD
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection |
|
Definition
| access method in ethernet LAN, contention protocol, if collision occurs resend data |
|
|
Term
CSU/DSU
Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit |
|
Definition
| connects a T carrier leased line to customer's equipment. line encoding and conditioning functions, loopback function |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| daily copy backup, makes copy of all files that have been changed on that day |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| method for connecting several devices along a bus and managing signal for each device |
|
|
Term
| DES - Data Encryption Standard |
|
Definition
| symmetric key algorithm used in TCP/IP aps. 64-bit cipher/56-bit key. susceptible to brute force attacks |
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|
Term
DOCSIS
Data over cable service interface specification |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| network packets or frames |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| performs only server aps not client |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In TCP/IP network, IP address of router that conencts the LAN to a wider network. The address is necessary for TCP/IP configuration |
|
|
Term
| Delta Channel (D Channel) |
|
Definition
| type of ISDN connection transfers data at 16 kbps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| device that marks dividing line from customer and ISP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any cabling that runs from network interface to demarc |
|
|
Term
DoS attacks
Denial of Service |
|
Definition
| flooding a networked server with so many requests it fails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| main router in an OSPF network, relays information to all routers in that area |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| type of NAT in which destination IP addresses get translated by the router |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| fixed predetermined number that defines the function or session type in TCP/IP network |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| last 6 digits of MAC address, manufacturer's unique serial number for that NIC |
|
|
Term
| DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol |
|
Definition
| protocol allows DHCP server to TCP/IP settings automatically for a DHCP client |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| created by the DHCP server, allows system requesting DHCP IP info to use that data for a certain amount of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pool of IP addreses that a DHCP server may allot to clients, or other info like DNS server addreses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar to incremental backing up files that have changed since last full backup, does not change the archive bit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| string of characters created from private encryption key, verifies sender's identity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| standard straight wire antenna, omni directional |
|
|
Term
DSSS
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum |
|
Definition
| spread spectrum based broadcasting method defined in 802.11 standard sends data on different frequencies at the same time |
|
|
Term
DAC
Discretionary Access Control |
|
Definition
| Authorization Method where the owner of a resource assigns access to that resource |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process where data is written simultaneously to 2 or more drives, read and write is decreased redundancy is increased |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| process by which data is spread among multiple drives at least 2, increases read and write speed. RAID level 0, no fault tolerance |
|
|
Term
| Disk Striping with Parity |
|
Definition
| provides fault tolerance, parity drive can rebuild missing data, at least 3 physical drives |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| routing protocols that calculates total cost to get to a particular network ID and compares to cost of other routes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Diffusion over distance of light in fiber |
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|
Term
DCF
Distributed Coordination Function |
|
Definition
| 1 of 2 methods for CSMA/CA defined by 802.11 standards, only currently implemented |
|
|
Term
DDoS
Distributed Denial of Service |
|
Definition
| Attack involving use of botnet |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| file of executable functions of data used by windows applications, accesses functions by creating links to DLL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lightly protected subnet network between firewall and Intranet, public servers like Web server |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| TCP/IP name resolution system that resolves host names to IPs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| specific branch of the DNS name space. First-level domains: com gov org |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cache used by Windows DNS clients to keep track of DNS info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highest in hierarchy of DNS servers running the Internet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hierarchy of DNS domains and individual computers, top of which is the root |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| grouping of users, computers, and/or networks. MS group that shares database and security policy. Internet share element of DNS hierarchical name |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MS windows server system, stiores user and server info for its domain. Store AD info |
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|
Term
DIG
Domain Information Grouper |
|
Definition
| non windows cmd line tool to diagnose DNS problems |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| shorthand method for discussing and configuring binary code |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| writing identical data to two hard drives on different controllers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| writing identical data on two hard drives on the same controller |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| digital signal rate created by converting analog sound into 8 bit chunks 8000 times a second,64kbps simplest data stream |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| signaling method used by T1 lines, simple frame consisting of 25 pieces, framing bit and 24 channels each channel holds 8 bit DS0. 193-bits per DS1 frame, 1.544 Mbps |
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|
Term
DSLAM
DSL Access Multiplexer |
|
Definition
| device located in telephone campany's central office that connects multiple customers to the Internet |
|
|
Term
| DSP - Digital Signal Processor |
|
Definition
| specialized processor that processes digital signals |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| type of NAT in which many computers share a pool of routable IPs (fewer IPs than machines) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
port numbers 49152-65535
IANA recommends using range as ephemeral ports |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process by which routers automatically exchange info with other routers, requires dynamic routing protocol like OSPF or RIP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protocol that supports the building of automatic routing tables, such as OSPF or RIP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Counterpart of a T1 , 32 channels at 64kbps, 2.048Mbps (faster than T1) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
European T3 16 E1 lines (512 Channels)
34.368 Mbps (slower than T3) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Router that connects one AS (automates System) to another |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| permissions of all groups combined in any Network OS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electronics Industry Association/Telecommunications Industry Association: Standards body for computer technology cabling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of placing packets from one protocol into another, i.e TCP/Ip encapsulation in Ethernet |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| TCP/IP: session data stored in RAM (Socket) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| data 2 computers store about connection in TCP/IP applications (socket pairs) |
|
|
Term
EIGRP
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol |
|
Definition
| Cisco, hybrid protocol elements of distance vector and link state routing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arbitrary number generated by a sending computer, that the receiving computer uses as destination address when returning a packet |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| based on bus topology, 802.3 subcommitte defines specs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extensions of .exe, once the exe is run the virus loads into memory copying to other exe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Single WAP servicing an area, extended by adding more APs |
|
|
Term
ESSID
Extended Service Set ID |
|
Definition
| SSID applied to an ESS as a naming convention |
|
|
Term
EUI-64
Extended Unigue Identifier, 64-bit |
|
Definition
| last 64 bits of the IPv6 address, determined off the device's MAC |
|
|
Term
EAP
Extensible Authentication Protocol |
|
Definition
| Authentication wrapper that EAP apps can use to accept authentication. Wireless networks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| data throughput on all computers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number added to MAC address of computers on IPX/SPX networks, network number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Far end crosstalk, crosstalk on opposite end of a cable from the source |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| naming convention that each device has unique, NetBIOS (non-hierarchical) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| storage area on DNS servers to store IPs and names of systems for a domain/s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fully Qualified Domain Name
Complte DNS name from host name to top-level domain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bits placed ina frame used to check data for errors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| efficient data transmission used for voice/data/LAN/WAN, cost efficient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| RADIUS server for UNIX/Linux |
|
|
Term
FDM
Frequency Division Multiplexing |
|
Definition
| process of separating phone calls by adding multiplier to each phone call, separating by frequency range |
|
|
Term
FHSS
Frequency Hopping Spread-Spectrum |
|
Definition
| 802.11: sending data on one frequency at a time, constantly hopping frequencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strengthening/ focusing radio frequency output from an AP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| second IPv6 address that every system needs in order to get on the internet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Grandfather, Father, Son
priority of backing up external media |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| VoIP standard handles initiation, setup, and delivery of VoIP sessions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| naming scheme where name includes its position in its hierarchy (FQDN) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of a packet through a router |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cabling connecting the equipment room to work areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of an IP address that defines a specific machine in a subnet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cmd line, gives host name of computer it is run on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| precursor to DNS, file on machines |
|
|
Term
ICF
Internet Connection Firewall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ICS
Internet Connection Sharing |
|
Definition
| sharing connection with multiple machines, one single IP address |
|
|
Term
IDF
Intermediate Distribution Frame |
|
Definition
| room where all horizontal runs in a given floor run together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| standards for cable modems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| backs up files with archive bit turned on, then turns archive bits off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Independent Basic Service Set
2 or more nodes in an Ad hoc network |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short period of silence in CSMA/CA when a device detects activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Intermediate System to Intermediate System
similar to OSPF w IPv6 support |
|
|
Term
IAS
Internet Authentication Server |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ICMP
Internet Control message Protocol |
|
Definition
| PING, test connectivity between 2 hosts, single packet |
|
|
Term
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol |
|
Definition
| protocol used by routers to determine group membership for multicast |
|
|
Term
IIS
Interent Information Services |
|
Definition
| MS web server program for managing web servers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receiving mail search/folder functions |
|
|
