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| arbitrary conveyors of meaning. |
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| various meanings and ideas associated with a word. |
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| the given, noted definition of a word. |
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| signs where the signifier resembles the signified. |
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| signs where the signifier is caused by the signified. |
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| a socially shared system of representation that employs arbitrarily assigned symbols and rule-governed combinations of those symbols. |
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| the study of meaning in language. |
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| a word or symbol composed of a signifier and the signified. |
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| an idea, object, or thing which can be represented by a signifier. |
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| the word, picture, or symbol used to represent the signified. |
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| the rules of words being combined into sentences. |
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| A speech arrangement used to discuss a problem and the causes of the problem, or a problem and the consequences of the problem. |
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| Arranges speech topic according to the sequential order in which events or steps occurred. |
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| Your listeners perceive you as qualified to discuss your topic because you are believable, competent, and trustworthy. |
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| Your audience will remember what they heard first, so present your most important points first. |
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| A speech arrangement that explores either the causes or consequences of a problem, and then offers a solution that addresses the problem. |
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| Your audience will remember what they heard last, so place your most important points last. |
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| A speech arrangement that is organized by geographic location or direction. |
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| A speech arrangement that uses naturally occurring parts, sections, or divisions, which may or may not be arbitrary. |
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| Suggestive or indirect meaning. |
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| Standard or literal meaning. |
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| Something that is made plain and understandable. |
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| An outward sign or something that furnishes proof. |
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| An often plausible argument using false or invalid inference; a false or mistaken idea. |
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| The act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations. |
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| Probative Value- Serving to prove something or test it. |
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| Needless repetition of an idea or statement |
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| Firsthand authentication of a fact or evidence. |
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| A chart or graph used to simplify and explain numerical concepts. |
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| Objects, visual representations, and numerical clarifiers used to supplement a verbal message, thus enhancing communication goals. |
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| A graphically generated or hand drawn picture that is available electronically and often is used to add visual interest. |
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| A situation where several shades of one color or several different colors occur on one slide. |
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| A pre-existing template included with PowerPoint software that can be used to present a unified color scheme, graphics, and structure of a set of slides. |
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| Fair Use is part of the U.S. Copyright Act. It provides guidelines for the limited use of copyrighted materials in the case of teaching, research, and scholarship. This U.S. Copyright Act is a complex legal document, so be aware that many of these issues are decided in court. |
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| A situation where combinations of light and dark color are used, such that the eyes can clearly see the distinctions. |
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| Quick ways to move around within a software program by using very few keyboard keys to accomplish a more complicated task in an application. |
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| A type of animation problem that can occur when an image is animated and it is the last item on the slide. Presenters frequently forget about this image, transitioning to the next slide, and then realize they have an out-of-place image that appears. |
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| Here, objects are broadly defined as the use of graphical elements to add interest to text. These can include auto shapes, boxes, circles, call outs, or lines. |
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| A type of animation that controls how objects appear and disappear during the slide presentation. |
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| A typesetting term re-applied to a presentation setting by Earnest which describes one word of text that wraps under a bullet. These are not desirable because they can make a slide look unbalanced. |
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| A type of animation problem that one can overcome by grouping objects. This enables the presenter to click fewer times and still have multiple objects appear. |
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| A style of text that lacks hooks (or feet) on the ends of the letters. Most desirable for projection since the text is easier to read. |
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| a PowerPoint feature that enables a presenter to make individual changes that will apply to every slide in the presentation. |
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| A type of animation that controls how one slide is changed and a new slide appears. |
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| A type of animation where a text or graphic does not move around the screen when it appears. |
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| A faint image that appears in the background of a slide or in documentation. These are useful for visual appeal or subtle meaning. |
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| Clearly pronouncing each syllable within each word. |
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| Emphasizing one word or a group of words within a sentence to highlight an idea. |
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| Practiced but not memorized speech. |
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| Speaking with little or no preparation. |
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| Reading verbatim from a prepared document. |
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| Speaking from rote memorization. |
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| The use of the body, face, and voice during a presentation. |
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| An unnatural, forced style of speaking that some adopt thinking it sounds more professional. |
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| Word choice and language selection during a presentation. |
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| A detailed account that makes several points. |
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| An underdeveloped example that always follows a factual illustration. |
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| A learned disposition of feeling toward something |
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| An understanding that something is true or false. |
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| A state of conflicting thoughts or emotions that produces tension that a person works to reduce |
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| Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs- |
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| Suggests that there are physical, safety, social, self-esteem, and self-actualization needs that people desire to have fulfilled |
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| Determines whether an issue exists (is it real?) |
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| Determines whether or not an issue is governed by a policy that should be implemented or changed. |
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| Determines whether an issue is important or relevant and why. |
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| A deeply felt, ethical stance toward something. |
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| A structural division that breaks a topic into “classes” of information |
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| the Greek word meaning credibility. |
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| A type of speaking wherein the speaker has little to no time to prepare a presentation on a given topic |
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| A story used to support a claim; the story can either be personal or hypothetical |
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| Evidence supporting a claim |
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| Structural division in which all main points unify to support the thesis or central idea. |
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