Term
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Definition
A) Feel excepted, excpt
b) controling, power, authority
c) effection, be liked, like everypne wants exceptence |
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Term
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Definition
a) Group exist to meet important human needs
b) Group formation is natural
c) Participation in groups
d) contribute to organizations we are part of |
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Term
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Definition
a) 3-10 people involved; acknowledge as individuals
b) Interdependence of goals
c) degree of mutual influence; listen to everyone |
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Term
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Definition
a) Be willing to speak and listen
b) Embrace diversity; values and believes |
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Term
| Transactional Perspective |
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Definition
a) Communication is a process, thus it is always moving and changing
b) meanins are co-created, though never completely shared
c) messeges are simultaneously sent, recieved, and interpreted
d) all participats share responsibility for outcomes
e) Comm is symbolic, meanings are in people, not in words |
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Term
| Relationship vs. Content Demension |
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Definition
Relationship dimension is more challenging then content.
a) relationship dimension is conveyed largely through non verbal channels
b) up to 93% of communication |
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Term
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Definition
a) Movement
b) tone
c) eye Movement
d) Usage of Space
e) Delivery |
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Term
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Definition
showing pther people how much were interested in their communication
a) ask intelligent questions
b) agreement or disagreement
c) interpersonal needs |
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Term
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Definition
| showing others how much status/influence we have with them, and they with us |
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Term
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Definition
a) Be present
b) we need to think we are important, liked, and influentual |
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Term
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Definition
a) dont be overbaring
b) express onestly
c) stand by convictions
d) make desitions
e) persuade people
f) share with people |
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Term
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Definition
| Interference with the communication proccess |
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Term
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Definition
| a) music, tv, traffic, fatigue level, |
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Term
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Definition
| a) Email, Text, drugs alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
the complexity of listening makes it a major source of noise
a) attending to several layers of things all at once; words, possible connotations of words, nonverbal signals, noise distractions |
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Term
| Recieving Messeges and noise |
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Definition
recieving messeges results in interpreting them using ones own filters
a) distractions: cultural identity, life expirences, biases, emotional?Physical/intellectual/spiritual state |
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Term
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Definition
responding to anothers messeges provides her with feedback, which can reduce effects of the noise thats present
a) feedback can be verbal responses, vocal utterances, nonverbal signals, questions, arguments/disagrements |
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Term
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Definition
a) aware of potential messeges recieving, sounding
b) ask other people what they read in your behavior
c) closer attention to nonverbal symbols
d) ask fo clarification if mixed messeges are noticed
e) pay attention to content and relationship messeges |
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Term
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Definition
a) serves one well
b) pay attention to context, not just words
c) who else is present
d) pay attention to ones feelings
e) voice tones, expressions, eyes, etc
f) use questions thoughfully
g) interpret silences carefully
h) paraphrasing to check understanding
i) approprete attending behaviors
-eye contact, nods, posture
j) become aware when you cant listen |
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Term
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Definition
a) rehearse what you speak
b) day dream
c) focus on destractions
d) silent arguing
- think about how they are wrong
e) pre-mature reply
f) listening defensively
g) pseudolistening
- appear to be listening |
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Term
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Definition
| a) verbal communication, words may mean something other then you interpret |
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Term
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Definition
| language helps define our cultural realities, those cultural realities give meaning to what we say and how we say it. |
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Term
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Definition
a) Gender rolls are evening out, due to equality in our culture
b) still perseved differently |
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Term
| Problems in communication |
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Definition
a) take words they wrong way
b) lack of clarity
- words are abstract or ambigous
- mixed messeges
c) body language doesnt match words
d) emotive words
- push other peoples bottons and holds in feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| who talks to whom? how long? how often? |
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Term
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Definition
| who interupts whom and how? with what response? |
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Term
| Shifts in Participation Patterns |
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Definition
| when high participaters come quiet and reverse |
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Term
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Definition
| how are silent people treated, how is it interpreted, disagreement, disinterest |
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Term
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Definition
| High influence, low, rivalry or struggle for leadership, what is the effect? |
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Term
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Definition
| indicate desire to speak how memvers acknowledge each other? |
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Term
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Definition
| What types of decisions majority rule, decision by one with no other input, decision by consensus, decision without agreement |
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Term
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Definition
| how do they enter or leave the group? |
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Term
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Definition
| who sides with whom and what issue? |
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Term
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Definition
| how are they delt with, avoidence, accommodation, compromise, compatition, metaconflict go about in defferent ways |
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Term
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Definition
| #s in each gender, evidence of dominance or submission based on gender |
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Term
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Definition
| verbal focused on work or how members are socializing |
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Term
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Definition
| focused on group or self agendas. attntion to ones self |
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Term
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Definition
| how do group members use personal space, territories, and speaking distance. |
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Term
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Definition
| how do group members use gestures posture, and other body movements |
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Term
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Definition
| who touches whom, when, where, how and with what respect |
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Term
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Definition
| which facial expressions of emotions are displayed, and with what effect? what patterns of eye contact |
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Term
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Definition
| how is time manages and how are time limits delt with |
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Term
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Definition
| how are voice tones used? what is the intensity and volume used by individuals |
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Term
| physical appearance patterns |
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Definition
| what kind of messeges are comm through individuas appearence? how are clothing choice, use of make up, accessories, grooming, etc. work to keep group members focused on task v. unnecessary distractions? |
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Term
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Definition
a) nonverbal behavior is continous and highly ambiguous
b) Dont get too hung up on whether behaviors are verbal, nonverbal or both. there is a lot of overlap and sometimes its impossible to say where certain behaviors belong
c) for our purpose, were interected in patterns, not in individual behavior
d) always remember, reading nonverbal behavior is highly subject
e) when verbal and nonverbal messeges are incongruent, we believe the nonverbal part of the messege most often |
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Term
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Definition
| model, analogie, not really a theory |
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Term
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Definition
| something that effects everyone |
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Term
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Definition
| group is greater then individual parts, 5 people instead of one is better |
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Term
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Definition
| systems that start in different places but can make it to the same outcome |
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Term
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Definition
| system that starts in same place can end up in different places |
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Term
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Definition
| every system is a subsystem of a higher system |
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Term
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Definition
| systems self regulate, controls itself |
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Term
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Definition
| closed to just the group or open to other sources; internet, dictionary |
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Term
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Definition
| strive to stay in balance, motivated to keep in harmony |
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Term
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Definition
| system must be adaptable to keep balance |
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Term
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Definition
a) input; componantes from which group is formed, tools we use
b) troughput; how a system function and does, processes, rules, communication
c) output; results, work effet on envirment or community |
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Term
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Definition
a) a system is a living entity, always shanging to maintain balance
b) it exists witin larger, more expansive systems know as suprasystems
c) there are smaller units within a system called subsystems
d) subsystems, systems, and suprasystems are all connected and interdependent |
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Term
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Definition
a) interdependent parts; people, sets of rule functions
b) input, output; info flowing into a system of and products or energy of that info returened to suprasystem
c) boundries and hierarchy; a series of ever wider arbitrary dividing lives seperated subsystems and suprasystems. how things get done
d) rules for operation; guidlines that perscribe in a given situation |
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Term
| Components of a system cont. |
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Definition
a) goals; desired outcomes of a systems functioning at a particular time
b) feedback mechanisms; devices that indicate the degree to which a system is headed toward or away from satisfaction of its goals
c) wholeness; system as a hole is greater then the sum of its parts.
d) interative complexity; punctuation, circular causality, cause/effect interchangeablity
e) complex relationships; hiearchy, triangles, alliance, coalitions which can shape or reflect conflict among system members |
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