Term
| Describe where the first settlers of America came from, why they came and where they settled eventually. |
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Definition
| 40,000 years ago ancestors of the Native Americans came to America by crossing the Bering Strait during the Ice Age. They were following the animals that were their food source. They eventually spread out through the Americas and became the Native American tribes of North and South America |
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Term
| Why did the Spanish come to the Americas and where did they claim land? |
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Definition
| Spanish from Spain-came for gold, claimed the south half of North America and most of the Caribbean Islands and South America |
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Term
| Why did the British come to America and where did they claim land? |
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Definition
| Great Britain-came for land and religious freedom, claimed the north coast of North America from what is now Maine to Georgia |
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Term
| Why did the French come to America and Where did they claim land? |
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Definition
| France-came last and had to take what was left-parts of today’s Canada, the Great Lakes region and the land west of the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains |
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Term
| What three countries settled land in the New World (Americas)? |
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Definition
| Spain, Great Britain, France |
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Term
| Know 3 ways the geographical features of America influenced life in the Northern Colonies |
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Definition
1. land is covered by trees and rocks and poor soil
2. climate is poor for farming (long cold winters)
3. non-navigable rivers mean they cannot get supplies if they’re far from the coast
4. deep harbors mean fishing and shipping are good industries for them
5. they came for religious freedom so they wanted to live close to their church |
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Term
| Know 3 ways the geographical features of America influence life in the Southern Colonies. |
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Definition
1. the land had little trees and rocks with good soil
2. climate is excellent for growing crops (farming)
3. navigable rivers means they can live far away from the coast and still get supplies
4. shallow harbors mean it is not good for fishing or shipping industries
5. these people came for land so they didn’t care if they were close to the church |
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Term
| What industry developed in the northern colonies? Why? |
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Definition
| Northern colonies had an industrial economy because farming was too difficult and shipping and fishing was easy. |
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Term
| What industry developed in the Southern colonies? Why? |
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Definition
| Southern colonies had an agricultural economy because farming was easy and land was good for it. |
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Term
| Name the three major cash crops grown in the southern colonies. |
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Definition
| rice, indigo, and tobacco |
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Term
| Who fought in the French and Indian War? What did they fight over? |
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Definition
| The war was between the British and the French. Indians helped the French. They fought over land. |
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Term
| What was the result of the French and Indian War? |
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Definition
| French lost and had to give up all their land in North America to the British. The land caused problems because the colonists wanted to move there |
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Term
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Definition
| The King would not allow the colonists to move west of the Appalacian Mountains |
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Term
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Definition
| a tax on sugar and molasses to raise money for the war debt |
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Term
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Definition
| a tax on paper products to pay the war debt |
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Term
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Definition
| not a tax, but telling the colonists that England was in charge of them and they had to obey them |
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Term
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Definition
| a tax on imports like paper, lead, tea and paint |
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Term
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Definition
| passed to close Boston until they paid for the destroyed tea |
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Term
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Definition
| what the colonists called the Coercive Acts |
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Term
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Definition
| forced the colonists to house and supply British soldiers in their own homes |
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Term
| Why was the Sons of Liberty formed, what did they do? |
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Definition
| founded to protest the taxes-they encouraged the colonists to boycott and petition and they were sometimes violent, rioting, burning homes and businesses, burning effigies, and tarring and feathering tax collectors |
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Term
| What was the function of the Committees of Correspondence? |
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Definition
| to write letters and send them to all the colonies to keep them informed of what was going on with the British and share ideas |
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Term
| What is the famous quote by James Otis used as a rallying cry by the rebels? |
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Definition
| “No taxation without representation!” |
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Term
| Describe the events known as the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party and their effects. |
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Definition
Boston Massacre-some colonists started a fight with British soldiers who fired into the crowd and killed 5 colonists. Paul Revere makes an engraving showing the soldiers as the bad guys and it is propaganda, making other colonists angrier at the British government
Boston Tea Party-colonists sneak on board ships in Boston Harbor disguised as Native Americans and dumped the tea to protest the tax on tea |
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Term
| What was the First Continental Congress and what did they do? |
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Definition
| First Continental Congress-representatives from the colonies met to discuss the Intolerable Acts, acted as our first form of government and asked Parliament to compromise but warned the colonists to prepare for war |
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Term
| What was the Second Continental Congress and what did they do? |
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Definition
Second Continental Congress-it was our first official government, sent the Olive Branch Petition as a last chance for peace with Britain but also 1. printed money,
2. started a post office, 3. formed committees to deal with foreign countries and the Native Americans and 4. established the Continental Army and put George Washington in charge |
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Term
| Who wrote most of the Declaration of Independence and what was its purpose? |
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Definition
| Thomas Jefferson wrote most of it, and it was written to tell the world why the colonists felt they had a right separate from Great Britain and form their own country and govern themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| the frozen piece of water the ancestors of the Native Americans crossed to get to the Americas |
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Term
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Definition
| a territory belonging to another country |
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Term
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Definition
| can be sailed on with a boat |
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Term
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Definition
| a place where the land and water meet |
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Definition
| the usual weather pattern of an area |
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Definition
| a product grown to be sold for money (not eaten or used by your family) |
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Definition
| a plant that produces a blue dye |
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Definition
| liquid sugar squeezed out of the sugar cane plant |
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Definition
| money that was borrowed and is owed back |
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Term
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Definition
| to do away with/take away a law or act |
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Term
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Definition
| an official letter of protest |
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Term
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Definition
| to refuse to buy goods in order to protest |
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Term
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Definition
| to slant a story or the facts to make your side look good/right and the other side look wrong or bad |
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Term
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Definition
| a member of the Sons of Liberty who created the engraving of the Boston Massacre |
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Definition
| an escaped slave (African American) who was the first to die in the Boston Massacre |
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Term
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Definition
| two towns outside Boston where the British soldiers clashed with colonists and shots were fired, the sparks that started the American Revolution |
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Definition
| colonists who don’t want to break away from or fight with Britain |
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Definition
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| colonists angry with the British who wanted to break away and form a new country |
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| sent by the Second Continental Congress to Parliament, it was a last request for compromise and peace, |
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Definition
| chosen as leader of the American army (the Continental Army) |
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| the rebel or colonial army fighting to be free of the British government |
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