Term
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Definition
| Congress passed this despite Truman's veto. This Act made unions liable for damages and made union leaders swear a noncommunist oath. |
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Term
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Definition
| This act made it government policy to promote maximum employment, production and purchasing power. |
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Term
| Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 A.K.A. GI Bill of Rights |
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Definition
| Sent former soldiers to school during post WWII era. |
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Definition
| First time FDR and Stalin met. Main focus was discussing opening a second front in Europe. Left many things unresolved. |
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Term
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Definition
| FDR did not tell Stalin of American plans to bomb Japan. Stalin said Soviets would enter war with Japan 3 months after the fall of Germany. There were many Soviet concessions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Western Allies established the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to encourage world trade. They also founded the World Bank. Soviets did not participate, though the U.S. greatly did. |
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Definition
| Stalin's isolationism and secrecy in regards to Europe and its divisions. |
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Definition
| Soviets had made a blockade hoping to starve the allies out, so the U.S. simply airlifted supplies to Berlin for nearly a year. |
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Definition
| He came up with the Containment Doctrine towards the Soviet Union. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sent money to Greece and Turkey to aid against Communism. Truman said it was America's duty to aid any country battling Communism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Virtually saved Italy and France from Communism. The money went mostly to the "developed" world, with little going to third world countries. |
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Term
| Truman's creation of Israel |
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Definition
| Truman wanted to prevent Soviet influences on the Jewish state, had sympathies for the surviving Jews of the Holocaust and wanted to increase his popularity among Jews at home. This greatly angered Arabs, who warned of the consequences. |
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Term
| National Security Act of 1947 |
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Definition
| This created the Department of Defense with a new cabinet officer, the Secretary of Defense. Under the Secretary of Defense were civilian secretaries of the navy, army and air force. They made up the Joint Chiefs of Staff. |
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Term
| National Security Council |
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Definition
| Implemented to advice the president of security matters. |
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Term
| Central Intelligence Agency |
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Definition
| A.K.A. the C.I.A. coordinated the government's foreign fact-gathering. |
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Term
| The "Voice of America" (1948) |
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Definition
| Sent American radio broadcasts behind the iron curtain. |
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Term
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization A.K.A. NATO |
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Definition
| Went against traditional U.S. peace time isolationism. Said that an attack on one was an attack on all. This became a cornerstone for U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. |
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Term
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Definition
| Douglas MacArthur oversaw the reconstruction of Japan, democratizing it. Japan was seen as a success for America. |
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Term
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Definition
| A great defeat for the U.S. and Allies. China became Communist. |
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Term
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Definition
| Opposed development of the H-Bomb. |
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Term
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Definition
| Investigated federal employees, with many being dismissed without being able to prove themselves innocent. |
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Term
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Definition
| First peacetime antisedition law since 1798. |
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Term
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Definition
| Committee to investigate "subversion". Led by Richard Nixon. |
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Term
| McCarran Internal Security Bill (1950) |
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Definition
| Despite Truman's veto, this bill passed, allowing the president to arrest and detain suspicious people. |
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Term
| Julius and Ethel Rosenberg |
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Definition
| Convicted of espionage and were sentenced to the electric chair. |
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Term
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Definition
| Truman's Republican opponent in the election of 1948. Truman wins the election and the democrats take over congress. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plan to send money to underdevoloped countries to help them help themselves. The aim was to prevent communism in small countries, rather than killing them once they had become communist. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Truman's Secretary of State. After both sides withdrew from Korean conflict, Acheson seemed to want nothing to do with it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Resurrected by Korean conflict to quadruple defense spending. Greatly militarized the U.S., under the assumption that the economy would survive no matter what. |
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Term
| U.S. Support of South Korea |
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Definition
| Though the conflict was technically headed by U.N. police action, the U.S. made up the bulk of the U.N. soldiers and MacArthur, in charge of the operation, took his orders from Washington. |
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Term
| Joseph McCarthy and McCarthyism |
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Definition
| Anti-communist, accused Secretary of State Dean Acheson of employing hundreds of communists. He also accused General George Marshall. Instilled fear and finally came to his demise after he went after the U.S. army. |
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Term
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Definition
| Republican winner of 1952 election. VP Richard Nixon. Eisenhower promised to go personally to Korea to end the conflict. Peace treaties were signed with China after 7 months. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eisenhower's Secretary of State. Changed U.S. foreign policy away from containment and towards liberation of captive populations. |
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Term
| The Hungarian Revolt (1956) |
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Definition
| Hungary was greatly disappointed when the U.S. did not aid them against the Soviets. This showed that "massive retaliation" was too serious to implement on such a small conflict. |
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Term
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Definition
| Resulted in optimism and relaxation of tensions of the Cold War. |
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Term
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Definition
| Communist leader of Vietnam. |
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Term
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Definition
| Soviet/Communist equivalent to NATO. Came as a response to Germany's entrance into NATO and NATO's bolstered military forces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nationalist leader of Vietnam (U.S. side). |
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Term
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Definition
| CIA installed this shah of Iran as a kind of dictator in fear of Soviet/Communist influence in the middle east. Caused Iranian sentiment towards U.S. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pledged U.S. military and economic aid to Middle Eastern nations threatened by Communism |
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Term
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Definition
| Oganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran and Venezuela) |
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Term
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Definition
| Soviet satellites - first ever. Scared Americans because it seemed apparent now that the Soviets could launch inter-continental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). |
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Term
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Definition
| Established as a direct result of Sputnik and "Rocket Fever". |
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Term
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Definition
| Krushchev said that his ultimatum for the evacuation of Berlin would be extended indefinitely. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crushed good spirits of Camp David Accord |
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Term
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Definition
| Egyptian president Nasser wanted to build the Aswan Dam but after affiliating with Communists, U.S. backed out. Nasser responded with nationalizing the Suez Canal (primarily owned by British and French). The British and French planned an attack on Egypt, keeping the U.S. in the dark. U.N. eventually went in to restore peace. Last time in history when the U.S. could brandish it's "oil weapon". |
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Term
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Definition
| Cuban revolutionary against U.S. imperialism and overthrew Batista. |
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Term
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Definition
| Between Nixon and Krushchev in Moscow. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kennedy's military strategy with Defense Secretary McNamara. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kennedy's military strategy with Defense Secretary McNamara. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antiguerrilla Special Forces created by Kennedy with his "flexible response" policy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Influential modernization theorist who wrote The Stages of Economic Growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kennedy's plan to overthrow Fidel Castro with the anticommunist exiles. It was a massive failure, though Kennedy did take full responsibility for the failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kennedy said that any attack from Cuba would be seen as an attack from the Soviet Union and would trigger nuclear retaliation. Eventually the Soviets agreed to remove their missiles from Cuba and the U.S. in return ended the quarantine and would not invade the island and would also remove its missiles from Turkey, pointed as the Soviet Union. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relaxation of tensions - Kennedy wanted America to coexist with the USSR and urged people not to see the Soviets in such a negative light. Detente also occurred when Nixon met with Chinese and Soviet leaders personally. |
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Term
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Definition
| President Johnson thought said it was being taken over by communists and sent American troops. He was highly critisized for this. |
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Term
| Operation Rolling Thunder |
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Definition
| Regular full-scale bombing attacks against North Vietnam. |
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Term
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Definition
| Senator who lead Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, against the conflict in Vietnam. |
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Term
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Definition
| Massive, politically successful North Vietnamese offensive. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nixon's plan to slowly withdraw American troops from Vietnam, while simultaneously increasing the South Vietnamese's involvement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Said that the U.S. would honor their current defense commitments, but that in the future, other countries would have to fight their own wars. |
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Term
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Definition
| Without congressional permission, Nixon sent troops into Cambodia because North Vietnam was using it, though Cambodia was officially neutral. |
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Term
| Kent State & Jackson State incidents |
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Definition
| Students rioting and protesting against the U.S. involvement in Cambodia resulted in students being shot and killed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lowered the voting age to 18. |
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Term
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Definition
| Top secret Pentagon study documenting the deceptions of the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. |
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Term
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Definition
| American troops massacred an innocent civilian village of women and children. |
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Term
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Definition
| Met with N. Vietnamese officials on Nixon's behalf in Paris to negotiate an end to conflict. |
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Term
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Definition
| Arms reduction agreements aimed at freezing the numbers of long-range nuclear missiles for five years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Peace with the N. Vietnamese was more of an American retreat. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The practice of pushing dangerous events to the verge of disaster in order to achieve the most advantageous outcome. |
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Term
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Definition
| This stated that the United States would use military force if necessary to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf region. The doctrine was a response to the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. |
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Term
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Definition
| Operation Urgent Fury - U.S. invasion of islands of Grenada to thwart revolutionaries. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It discussed possible methods for the international control of nuclear weapons and the avoidance of future nuclear warfare. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transferred control of nuclear research from the military to civilians. |
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Term
| The Invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) |
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Definition
| The invasion successfully stopped the liberalization reforms and strengthened the authority of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. |
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Term
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Definition
| These amendments would have placed restrictions on the scope and ratification of treaties and executive agreements entered into by the United States. |
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Term
| Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) |
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Definition
| It is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would effectively result in the destruction of both the attacker and the defender. |
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Term
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Definition
| This vessel was captured by the N. Koreans, though the U.S. claims it was in international waters. |
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Term
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Definition
| The merchant ship's crew, whose seizure at sea had prompted the U.S. attack, had been released in good health, unknown to the U.S. Marines or the U.S. command of the operation, before the Marines attacked. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used ground and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles |
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Term
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Definition
| During the Reagan administration, senior Reagan Administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran, the subject of an arms embargo. |
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Term
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Definition
| American hostages were taken after a group of Islamic students and militants took over the Embassy of the United States in support of the Iranian Revolution. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Comecon was the Eastern Bloc's reply to the formation of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation in western Europe. |
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Term
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Definition
| Made stability rather than democracy the prime goal of U.S. policy in Latin America during the Johnson administration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the exchange ping pong players between the United States and People's Republic of China (PRC) in the 1970s. The event marked a thaw in U.S.–China relations that paved the way to a visit to Beijing by President Richard Nixon. |
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Term
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Definition
| It was primarily created to block further communist gains in Southeast Asia. |
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Term
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Definition
| After the Second World War, the Việt Minh opposed the re-occupation of Vietnam by France and later opposed the United States in the Vietnam War. |
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Term
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Definition
| An "individual [who has] claimed the right to refuse to perform military service"[1] on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion. |
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Term
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Definition
| United States Army General, who commanded US military operations in the Vietnam War at its peak (1964–68), during the Tet Offensive. |
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Term
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Definition
| American war criminal and a former U.S. Army officer found guilty of murder for his role in the My Lai Massacre on March 16, 1968, during the Vietnam War. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outcome of the portrayal in the US of these two incidents was the passage by Congress of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which granted President Lyndon B. Johnson the authority to assist any Southeast Asian country whose government was considered to be jeopardized by "communist aggression". |
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Term
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Definition
| evacuation by helicopter of American civilians and 'at-risk' Vietnamese from Saigon, South Vietnam, during the last days of the Vietnam War. |
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