Term
| In terms of action potentials, higher pressure on a touch receptor causes what to happen to it? |
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Definition
| Increases it's firing rate |
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Term
| What are 3 components of cognitive research? |
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Definition
Stimulus
Cognitive Processing
Response |
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Term
| What is Donder's Reaction Experiment? |
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Definition
He measured how long it takes for a person to make a decision. There were two tasks in his experiment:
- Stimuli RT Task
- Choice RT Task
- in Stimuli RT Task: a participant pushes a button quickly after a light appears; this measures how long motor response took
- in Choice RT Task: a participant pushes one button if there is light on the right side, and another button if light is on the left; this measure long decisions + motor response
Choice RT Task - Simple RT = Time needed to make a decision |
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Term
| Analytic Introspection and William Wundt |
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Definition
| people are trained to describe their inner feelings, thoughts, sensations and experiences in response to some kind of external stimuli. |
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Term
| Introspection and William James |
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Definition
| Was the first american psychologist who thought about his own mental processes |
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Term
| Behaviorism and John Watson |
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Definition
Eliminated the mind as a topic of study because it was "too impossible to understand", so instead only observable behavior should be studied.
Focused on conditioning or stimulus-response associations
Explain all behavior as being driven by past reinforcements (punishments or rewards) |
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Term
| Edward Tolman and what he did |
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Definition
| Tolman’s rat experiment demonstrated latent learning, where rats developed a cognitive map of the maze. Instead of simply learning “turn left = cheese,” they could find the food no matter where it was placed, showing learning wasn’t just reinforcement-based. |
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Term
| Noam Chomsky and what he did |
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Definition
Argued that behaviorism could not explain children's language learning, children say things that they have never even heard and never had reinforced. |
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Term
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Definition
a shift from behaviorism to understanding the operations of the mind |
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Term
| What did the development of computers lead to? |
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Definition
| Information-processing approach to psychology |
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Term
Ulric Neisser and his Cognitive Psychology textbook |
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Definition
"Father of Cognitive Psychology"
Textbook defined the field and gave it's name
Laid the foundation for modern cognitive psychology and related fields like cognitive neuroscience.
Showed that mental processes could be studied scientifically, not just philosophically. |
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