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| reliance upon things being implicit - you just know |
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| Things are written down - not understood by all |
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| Intercultural Communication |
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| Gundykintst - Social Alienation |
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| You're the one who doesn't know the rules, source of frustration, stress, anxiety; marked by the pressures to conform to culture |
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| Unerstanding one's own status |
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| Students; helpless, not being able to count money, hostility, anxiety, over-identification, home sickness, irritability, physically ill, confusion, intolerance, the need to establish an identity |
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| 3 components of World Views |
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| Religion, Family, History of Government |
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| Hoebel & Frost - World Views |
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| Human beings inside view of the way things are colored, shaped, and arranged, according to cultural preconceptions |
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| When you change the language... |
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| Rules for how we use words |
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| Meanings are in people... |
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| Content dimension & Relational information |
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| Directive VS. Non-Directive |
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| Extent to which launguage focuses |
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| Divergence vs. Convergence |
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Definition
Convergence - One single answer - clear, distinct, reapplying known information
Divergence - the creative generation of multiple answers to a set problem |
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| 'She's ugly' vs. 'She's not the most attractive woman in the world' |
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| Chatacteristic of Language |
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| Idea of productivity(novel/new), Displacement(Past present and future), Fades rapidly, Contextual, Arbitrary (symbols), Rule governed |
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| Attempt to retain individuality; often associate with rejection |
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| refers to a state of being excluded from the social fabric and being treated as an outsider. |
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| A traveler adapts to the destination's culture, and they reject their own |
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| Marked by flexibility, can go back and forth between cultures |
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| Beliefsmodel of cultural adaptation when a person intends to stay in a hosts culture |
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| Based on people and events, "do the jobe right" no matter how long it takes |
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| Three Cups of Tea Authors |
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| Greg Mortenson & David Oliver Relin |
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| Core Values;Puritan Pioneer Morality |
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| Beliefs that "spawn" attitudes |
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1.Experimental - direct experience
2. Informational beliefs
3. Inferential beliefs |
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| (Interpretive) How internal processes construct intercultural realities; Cronen, Chen, Pierce |
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| (Interaction) Gundykunst, Franklin, Stoke & Giles |
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| (Culture Shock) (Networking) June Ack & Kim |
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| Berlo's Model of Communication |
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Definition
| ~noise~Decode-A-Encode~noise~Encode-B-Decode~noise~ |
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| Types of Intercultural Communication |
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| Interracial, Inrethnic, Co-Cultural, Intracultural, Perception (selects, evaluates, interprets), Verbal & Non-Verbal, World View |
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| Intercultural Effectiveness |
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Definition
| Explore ways to interact with ones in a way that other people are receptive - we're approachable |
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| 4 Dimensions of Inturcultural Competentness |
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Definition
| Personality Attributes, Communication Skills, Phsychological Adaptation, Cultural Awareness |
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| Self Disclosure, Self Awareness, Self concept, Social Relaxation (ambiguity) |
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| Messages ( Verbal & NV ), Social Skills, Flexibility (Context), Interaction Management |
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| Stress, Frustration, Anxirty-> Ambiguity, Alienation |
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| Social Values, Social Norms, Social Systmes |
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| context-dependent: the same linguistic item (be it a word, phrase, or sentence) may be ambiguous in one context and unambiguous in another context. - Can be interpreted in more than one way |
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| Arbitrariness is a term given to choices and actions subject to individual will, judgment or preference, based solely upon an individual's opinion or discretion. (symbols are designated but don't posess any characteristics) |
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