Term
| 5 ways of organizing a presentation |
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Definition
| Chronological, Spatial, Topical, Problem-Solution, Cause-effect |
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Term
| Chronological method of organizing a presentation goes best with |
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Definition
| informative or instructional |
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| Spatial method of organizing a presentation goes best with |
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Definition
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| Topical method of organizing a presentation goes best with |
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Definition
| informative OR persuasive |
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| Problem-solution method of organizing a presentation goes best with |
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Definition
| informative OR persuasive |
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Term
| Cause-effect method of organizing a presentation goes best with |
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Definition
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Term
| Spatial method of organizing a pres. means |
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Definition
| organizing geographically |
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Term
| Components of introducing a speech are |
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Definition
| 1. gain attention, 2. address top relevance to audience, 3. state thesis/central idea, 4. establish your credability on topic, 5. provide preview of coming presentation |
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Term
| Components of concluding a speech are |
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Definition
| 1. summarize main ideas, 2. provide sense of closure, 3. make it memorable with lasting impression |
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Term
| Steps for organizing a presentation |
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Definition
| 1. choose topic, 2. define purpose (inform or persuade?), 3. organize ideas by sorting, 4. connect main points, 5. outline presentation, 6. create formal outline, 7. create delivery outline |
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Term
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Definition
| relevant, interesting, exciting to you, familiar to you |
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Term
| A specific purpose statement should |
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Definition
| 1. be a complete sentence, 2. not be a question, 3. contain only ONE primary idea, 4. use specific, non-vague language |
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Term
| Mind mapping is a technique for |
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Definition
| generating/organizing ideas before making outline |
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Term
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Definition
| words or phrases that connect ideas together and indicate how they are related |
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Term
| Two types of previews for the audience are... |
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Definition
| 1. intial preview (in intro), 2. internal preview (in body, what will happen in key points) |
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Term
| Two types of summaries for the audience are... |
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Definition
| 1. internal summaries (used in transitions between body points), 2. final summaries (conclusion of presentation, reinforce main points) |
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Term
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Definition
| words, phrases, nonverbals cues that indicate movement from one idea to another |
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Term
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Definition
| verbal or nonverbal signals that speaker is moving to new topic, can be previews, summaries, or transitions |
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Term
| Two ways to outline presentation |
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Definition
| 1. formal outline (helps you prepare), 2. delivery outline (breif, jogs memory while delivering presentation) |
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Term
| The major parts of an outline are |
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Definition
| introduction, body, conclusion |
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Term
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Definition
| outward sign or something that furnishes proof |
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Term
| Types of definition statements |
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Definition
| etymological, categorical, oppositional' |
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Term
| Difference types of example evidence |
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Definition
| 1. factual, 2. hypothetical example, 3. case study, 4. narrative |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. personal narrative (actual experience), 2. reports (documentaries), 3. anecdotes (short stories, observations, amusing, engaging) |
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Term
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Definition
| comparisons between objects or ideas in the same class of stuff (obvious similarities) |
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Term
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Definition
| comparisons between objects in different classes of stuff (not obvious similarities) |
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Term
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Definition
| authoritatize, lay, nominal |
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Term
| Authoritative testimony is |
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Definition
| from credible authority/expert |
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Term
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Definition
| from average people, not experts, about their experiences/opinions/feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| from famous person, relates to topic somehow, not necessarily an expert |
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Term
| Different types of reasoning/inference |
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Definition
| 1. inductive, 2. generalization/axiom, 3. sign, 4. parralel case, 5. causal relation |
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Term
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Definition
| drawing general conclusion from specific example |
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Term
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Definition
| applying general knowledge to specific situation |
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Term
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Definition
| show proof of a certain state of affairs |
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Term
| Parellel cases are used to |
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Definition
| say that two similar things will share similar results |
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Term
| Causal relations conclude that |
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Definition
| one event causes another event to occur |
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Term
| Hasty generalization fallacy |
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Definition
| far too little evidence is used |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional does not mean correct |
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Term
| Appeal to ignorance fallacy |
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Definition
| inability to prove correct does not mean it is false, and the reverse |
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Term
| Appeal to popular opinion (bandwagon) fallacy |
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Definition
| just because the majority thinks it, does not make it true |
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Term
| Appeal to authority fallacy |
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Definition
| using nominal testimony and attempting to use it as authoritative |
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Term
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Definition
| chronological order to not necessarily mean cause and effect |
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Term
| Begging the question fallacy |
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Definition
| circular questions or leading questions |
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Term
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Definition
| vagueness allows no specific meaning to be understood |
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Term
| Persuasive definition fallacy |
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Definition
| making a perspective argument that can be disproved by another perspective |
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Term
| Name-calling (ad homonym) fallacy |
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Definition
| attacking the person rather than policies |
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Term
| Types of evidence used in presentation |
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Definition
| explanatory, comparison, division |
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Term
| Explanatory evidence addresses |
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Definition
| how or why something occurs (explains) |
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Term
| Comparison evidence addresses |
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Definition
| similarities or differences between2 ideas or objects |
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Term
| Division evidence addresses |
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Definition
| various parts or types of a subject |
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Term
| Descriptive statments create |
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Definition
| a vivid picture of subject's main characteristics and qualities |
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Term
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Definition
| create mental picture of subject |
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Term
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Definition
| offer many many facts about the subject |
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Term
| Visuals aids must be (3 things) |
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Definition
| relevant, workable, consistent |
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Term
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Definition
| more engaged, responsive audience and memory of presentation |
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Term
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Definition
| Object-concrete (stuff), visual representations (non-numbers, like photos), numerical clarifiers (charts/graphs), visual technology (the board, handouts, projectors) |
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Term
| Key elements for presentation clarity |
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Definition
| 1. consistent look, 2. high contrast colors, 3. readable text, 4. appropriate graphics, 5. effective graphs, 6. effective animation, 7. appropriate sound |
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Term
| Four things to do when presenting with powerpoint |
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Definition
| 1. analyze your environemnt, 2. evaluate your equipment, 3. test/practice design in actual use, 4. make backup plans |
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Term
| Name the verbal delivery tools |
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Definition
| 1. have a thesis/key points, 2. conversational tone, 3. appropriate volume, 3. pauses and pace in presentation, 4. articulate and enunciate, 5. extemporaneous presentation (impromptu speaking ability, memorized structure but can do it on the fly) |
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Term
| Some nonverbal delivery tools are |
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Definition
| 1. dress, 2. gestures, 3. posture/stance, 4. eye contact, 5. facial expressions, 6. movement, 7. visual aid interaction DURING speech, 8. group redirection of attention to current speaker |
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Term
| 5 guidlines for choosing a topic |
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Definition
| 1. important, not over listeners heads, 2. not too personal, 3. intriguing topic, 4. mangageable, not too much to go over, 5. substantive, important topic |
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Term
| Four types of evidence in informative presentation (short answer) |
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Definition
| 1. factual illustration, 2. specific instance, 3. statistics, 4. expert testimony |
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Term
| Form of a information presentation |
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Definition
| 1. strong, attention getting intro, 2. great thesis, 3. speaker credability, 4. preview, 5. body, 6. restate thesis, 7. review main points, 8. memorable ending, 9. make sure to use transitions |
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Term
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Definition
| pathos, emtion appeal to audience in persuasion |
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Term
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Definition
| logos, logical appeal to audience in persuasion |
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Term
| Persuasion is the process of |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| attitudes, beliefs, values |
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Term
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Definition
| easiest to influence, are learned disposition, manner, or felling one has toward something |
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Term
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Definition
| more difficult to influence than attitudes, involve convinctions as to what is true or false |
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Term
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Definition
| most difficult to influence because they represent people's concept of what is right or worthwhile |
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Term
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Definition
| what people have when they don't agree with something and just reject it |
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Term
| Maslow's hierarchy of needs levels, bottom to top: |
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Definition
| physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, self-actualization |
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Term
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Definition
| centers on truth of given topic |
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Term
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Definition
| centers on morality, rightness |
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Term
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Definition
| centers on what people should do/think |
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Term
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Definition
| used in creating a persuasive presentation |
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Term
| Steps of the stasis theory |
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Definition
| conjecture (is issue real), definition (how did it happen), quality (does issue have value), procedure (should issue be regulaed with policy) |
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Term
| To develop purpose of persuasive presentation... |
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Definition
| must choose purpose, question of value, fact, or policy |
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Term
| If your persuasive speech is a question of fact, organize by... |
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Definition
| spatially, arranged by characteristics |
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Term
| If your persuasive speech is a question of value, organize by... |
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Definition
| familiarity/acceptance of moral criteria, then justification of opinion on main points based on them |
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Term
| If your persuasive speech is a question of policy, organize by... |
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Definition
| 1. problem-cause-solution, 2. elimination outline (solutions-based), 3. monroe's motivated sequence (take action-based) |
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Term
| Methods for developing impromptu speeches |
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Definition
| 1. subject-based, 2. object-based, 3. quotation based |
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Term
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Definition
| in impromptu when given an object and you think of what it represents, not what it is specifically |
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Term
| Different ways to structure impromptu speeches |
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Definition
| 1. classification (subdivision of major topic into separate categories), 2. Unification (all subdivided categories work together as part of a single topic), 3. cause-effect-solution (depends on strong thesis, identifying good problem) |
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Term
| Ways to prepare for impromptu speeches |
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Definition
| be a worldly person, know a lot of examples, practice speech via breathing exercises, massages, fluency and pace practice |
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Term
| Evidence in a persuasive speech can be a |
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Definition
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Term
| Proof for an informative speech can include a |
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Definition
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