Term
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Definition
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Term
| part of the eye where cataracts occur |
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Definition
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Term
| cornea contains a lot of... |
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Definition
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Term
| diffuse (non-patterned) redness, sandy/gritty feeling characteristic of what? |
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Definition
conjunctivitis/allergies
try naphazoline, oxymetazoline, or tetrahydrazoline for 24 hours (never use these agents for more than 72 hours |
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Term
| sunburst (wagon wheel) pattern of redness |
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Definition
inflammation in the eye
refer to ophthalmologist no decongestant atropine + corticosteriod to treat likely is painful (especially when exposed to sunlight) |
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Term
| "water blisters" on inner eyelid and itchy |
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Definition
likely allergy
tx: decongestant or antihistamine for no more than 72 hours |
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Term
| redness around the cornea w/ large pupil and a lot of pain |
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Definition
| severe pressure build up in the eye should feel very hard to the touch and is bulging forward Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Send to ER -> can lose vision otherwise |
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Term
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Definition
Intraocular pressure
10-20mmHg |
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Term
| disease state associated with dry eye |
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Definition
*arthritis*
and congestive heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
| wash in water for at least 5 minutes do not direct stream of water at cornea to avoid further damage Refer to ER a lot of pain *not as bad as basic burn* |
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Term
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Definition
wash in water for at least 5 minutes
avoid direct stream to cornea to prevent further damage
*worse than acidic burn -> penetrates into the eye very quickly*
Refer to ER |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| bacteria in the mouth that can lead to serious eye infection |
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Definition
pseudomonas
cornea is best growth media for pseudomonas |
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Term
| bacterial infection in the eye |
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Definition
yellow discharge
OTCs can be used (triple antibiotic ointment rubbed over eyelid)
stye or conjunctivitis
warm compresses recommended |
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Term
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Definition
sterile Q-tip and no tears shampoo
rub Q-tip on upper and lower lid |
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Term
| delivery type best of the eye |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1) open-angle
2) angle-closure |
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Term
| goal of therapy for glaucoma |
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Definition
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Term
| beta-blockers for glaucoma |
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Definition
timolol 0.25, 0.5%
betaxolol 0.25, 0.5% -> Beta-1 specific
a lot of SE but very effective
least expensive tx
SE: stinging punctate keratitis, corneal anesthesia |
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Term
| prostaglandin analogues for glaucoma |
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Definition
bimatoprost 0.03% -> better
latanoprost 0.005%
*QD at bedtime
SE: HA, iris pigmentation |
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Term
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for glaucoma |
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Definition
topical: dorzolamide 2%
oral: cause flu like symptoms so avoid use
TID
Stings the worst
contraindicated in sulfa allergy
crystallization -> cap tightly to avoid |
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Term
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Definition
pilocarpine 0.25-10%
QID
constrict pupil
*only for acute angle glaucoma* |
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Term
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Definition
epinephrine
apraclonidine (can not be used for longer than 6 weeks)
brimonidine |
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Term
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Definition
prednisolone acetate
0.12% Pred Mild
1% Pred Forte
*for inflammation
tx: 4-6 weeks (test IOP at 4 weeks)
30% of patients have IOP increase of 6-15mmHg
risk factors: open-angle glaucoma, ocular HTN, type-1 diabetes with myopia |
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Term
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Definition
dicofenac
flurbiprofen
ketorlac
suprofen
nepafenac
choose the least expensive
-> only real difference is cost |
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Term
| most common treatment for angle-closure glaucoma |
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Definition
surgery (generally emergency)
angle-closure can lead to blindness |
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