Term
| What can be used to treat Tinea infections? |
|
Definition
gentian violet (used before modern topical antifungals)
hygeine
topical antifungals (clotrimazole, miconazole, terbenafine, tolnaftate) |
|
|
Term
Brand: Lotrimin AF
generic/indication |
|
Definition
clotrimazole
tinea infection |
|
|
Term
brand: micatin
generic/indication |
|
Definition
miconazole
tinea infection |
|
|
Term
brand: lamisil
generic/indication |
|
Definition
terbenafine
tinea infections |
|
|
Term
brand: tinactin
generic/indication |
|
Definition
tolnaftate
tinea infections |
|
|
Term
| how long/frequnecy should topical antifungals be used? |
|
Definition
| apply at least BID for 2-4 weeks |
|
|
Term
| What are tinea infections? |
|
Definition
foot fungi/jock itch
(associated with moist footwear) |
|
|
Term
| What is seborrhic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
-fungal like condition
-around the hairline, scalp, nose, neck, ears, back
-itching involved
-erythema with greasy yellow scaling
-scaly areas
-increased sebaceous gland activity |
|
|
Term
| How can babies get seborrhic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat seborrhic dermatitis in infants from cradle cap? |
|
Definition
Baby oil to soften
baby shampoo
no drug treatment usually required
can use a comb to get rid of the scales |
|
|
Term
| What are treatment options with seborrhic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
medication shampoo
topical corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| examples of medicated shampoos used for seborrhic dermatitis |
|
Definition
coal tar, pyrithione zinc, sulfur, selenium, salicylic acid, ketoconazole
(keratolytics and cytostatic agents) |
|
|
Term
| Can you use medicated shampoos for seborrhic dermatitis on the face? |
|
Definition
| yes, but these will sting the eyes more than regular shampoos. |
|
|
Term
| How often/where should medicated shampoos for seborrhic dermatitis be used? |
|
Definition
2-3 times per week
on scalp and hair line (also face if needed)
use OTC first then Rx if needed (Rx is 2xs stronger than OTC for ketoconzole/selenium) |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the medicated shampoo for seborrhic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
removes scales
reduces cell turnover |
|
|
Term
| What strength of topical corticosteroids should be used for seborrhic dermatitis and what is the purpose? How often should they be used? |
|
Definition
low strength.
it will reduce inflammation and itching
ideal for lesions on face and ears
Use BID then PRN
not used for a chronic basis on the face |
|
|
Term
| Who is at risk for topical fungal infections? |
|
Definition
infants
elderly
immunosuppressed
incontinent; increase frequency of BM
obese
warm and humid climates |
|
|
Term
| What are the treatment options for diaper rashes? |
|
Definition
remove irritant (aka freq diaper changes)
air dry
keep clean (mild soap and water)
antifungal agents
apply protectants |
|
|
Term
| Examples of protectants for diaper rashes |
|
Definition
zinc oxide
destin
aveeno
A&D ointment
butt paste (can be applied over anti-fungal if needed) |
|
|
Term
| How long should be the treatment for fungi? |
|
Definition
treatment often 4 weeks or longer
(slow to grow, slow to go) |
|
|
Term
| What do pharmacist have to know when managing dermatologic patients? |
|
Definition
knowledge of ...
vechiles and bases, commonly used terminology, drug-induced skin conditions
Be able to ID common dermatologic lesions and rashes
know advantages and disadvantages of dermatologic products
advise pts on the the proper use of dermatolgoic products |
|
|
Term
| When should refer to a MD? |
|
Definition
multiple or extensive burns
human or animal bites
multiple or extensive cuts, bruises, or abrasions
rahs that is extensive, weeping, or infected
tumors or growths
yellow skin
deep infection (cellulitis)
large blisters of unknown origin |
|
|
Term
| What are the basic vehicles for derm products? |
|
Definition
ointment
cream
lotion
gel
solution/spray |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
semisolid preparations intended for external application to skin and mucous membranes
there are four classes |
|
|
Term
| Which vehicle is best for delivering a drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four classes of ointments? |
|
Definition
hydrocarbon
absorption
water-removable
water-soluble |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ointment bases of the water-removable class
consisting of oil-in-water emulsions or aqueous microcrystalline dispersion of long fatty acids or alcohols |
|
|
Term
| Why is a cream better than an ointment? |
|
Definition
| water washable and more cosmetically and aesthetically acceptable than ointments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A watered-down cream
they feel less greasy and easier to apply. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Used if want to dry out the area.
semisolid systems consisting of either suspensions made up of small inorganic particles or large organic molecules interpenetrated by a liquid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
softens the skin
soothes irriation in skin or mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
| What is a protective? (give an example) |
|
Definition
| protects injured or exposed skin surfaces from harmful or annoying stimuli (zinc oxide, sunscreen, diaper ointment, A&D ointment) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| promotes retention of water in the skin and forms a hydrophobic barrier that prevents moisture in the skin from evaporating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| causes water to be retained bc of its hygroscopic properties. (when added to ointment it helps the water to be maintain) |
|
|
Term
| What are the properties of ointment? |
|
Definition
emollient
protective
occulsive
humectant |
|
|
Term
| What are the uses of ointments? |
|
Definition
protect skin or mucous membrane
permit rejuvenation of the tissue
provide hydration of the skin
provide a vehicle for applying medication |
|
|
Term
| examples of drugs for ointments |
|
Definition
antibiotics
antifungals
corticosteroids
retinoids
nitroglycerin
analgesicsa |
|
|
Term
| The nature of the incorporated medication must have... |
|
Definition
bioavialiabity
stability
compatibility |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of an ointment? |
|
Definition
hydrates
removes scales
greatest bioavailibity |
|
|
Term
| what is the disadvantage of an ointment? |
|
Definition
| greasy (hard to have compliance when used with hair) |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred area of use for an ointment? |
|
Definition
| smooth skin with short or sparse hair |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of using a cream? |
|
Definition
good cosmetic appearance
high patient acceptance |
|
|
Term
| what is the disadvantage of using a cream? |
|
Definition
| not as hydrating as ointments |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred area of use for creams? |
|
Definition
smooth or hair-bearing skin
intertriginous areas (ie. groin, armpit) |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of using a gel? |
|
Definition
non-greasy
easy to apply to hairy areas
high patient acceptance |
|
|
Term
| What is the disadvantages of using a gel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred area of use for a gel/lotion/solution/foam? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often should a lotion by applied? |
|
Definition
| 3-4 hours (has a lower bioavailibility) |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of using a lotion/solution/spray? |
|
Definition
easy to apply to hairy areas, scalp,
high patient acceptance |
|
|
Term
| What is the disadvantage of using a lotion/solution/spray? |
|
Definition
drying
lower bioavailability (therapeutic event is compromised) |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred area of use for lotion/solution/spray? |
|
Definition
| intertriginois and hair-bearing skin, face |
|
|
Term
| examples of oleaginous base |
|
Definition
white petrolatum
vaseline
plastibase |
|
|
Term
| examples of absorption bases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of an oleaginous base |
|
Definition
absorbs no water
not water washable (soap is required) |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of an absorption base |
|
Definition
can absorb several times its weight of water
not water washable |
|
|
Term
| examples of water-in-oil emulsion bases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of water-in-oil emulsion bases |
|
Definition
absorbs less water than absorption bases
not water washable |
|
|
Term
| examples of oil-in-water emulsion bases |
|
Definition
hydrophilic ointment
dermabase
hydrocerin
unibase
cetaphil lotion
vanicream |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of oil-in-water emulsion bases |
|
Definition
water washable
add water = lotion |
|
|
Term
| examples of water soluble base |
|
Definition
| polyethylene glycol ointment |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of water soluble base |
|
Definition
water washable
minimal therapeutic effect
used primary to deliver drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
methylcellulose gel
liqua-gel
carbomer gel
polxamer gel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
water washable
accepts water
has a polymer associated with it |
|
|
Term
| what are the two major types of skin lesions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary lesions? |
|
Definition
flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color
elevation formed from a fluid in a cavity
elevated, palpable solid masses |
|
|
Term
| What type of primary lesions are flat,nonpalpable changes in skin color |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what types of skin lesions are elevation formed by a fluid in a cavity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of skin lesions are elevated, palpable solid masses |
|
Definition
papule
plaque
nodule
tumor
wheal |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference with a papule, vesicle, and pustule |
|
Definition
papule is raised
vesicle is raised with fluid
pustule is raised with pus |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of secondary lesions? |
|
Definition
material on skin surface
loss of skin surface
vascular lesions |
|
|
Term
| examples of drug induced disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you treat drug rxns? |
|
Definition
1) stop the drug (until have been evaluated)
2) systemic antihistames
3) systemic or topical corticosteroids
4) soothing baths or soaks (helps locally) |
|
|
Term
| types of drug-induced skin disorders |
|
Definition
1) hypersensitivity/allergic rxn
2) photosensitivity (increase chance of development of a sunburn
3) toxic rxns
4) drug-induced disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
erythema multiforme
stevens johnson syndrome (SJS)
toxic epidermal necrolysis |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat photosensitivity? |
|
Definition
1) prevention with suncreens/clothing
2) systemic analgesics (for pain - best used is NSAIDS or aspirin)
3) systemic antihistamines for itching
4) prevent infection
5) moisturizers
6) cooling creams and gels (initially bc after 1st day probably will not help) |
|
|
Term
| what is toxic epidermal necrolysis? |
|
Definition
| drug rxns and attacks mucous membrane areas, this leads to infections (they die of the infection not TEN) |
|
|
Term
| What is the basic characteristics of Stevens Johnson syndrome? |
|
Definition
severe breakdown of the skin
typically start with red large areas |
|
|
Term
| drugs that are associated with SJS/TEN |
|
Definition
antibiotics: penicillins, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, cephalosporins
anticonvulsants
allopurinal
NSAIDS
can occur with any drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
usually occurs within the first 1-4 weeks of treatment
prodromal NVD, myalgias, sore throat, arthralgias (flu-like symptoms plus rash)
involement of mucous membranes
widespread blisters and lesions
full thickness epidermal detachment (risk of infection occurs bc of this) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IV fluids/nutrition
pain control
eye care
nasal saline
oral hygiene and anesthetics
topical antiseptics
wound care
STOP OFFENDING AGENT |
|
|
Term
| common race associated with drug-induced lupus |
|
Definition
| butterfly rash (on the face) |
|
|
Term
| what drugs are associated with drug-induced lupus? |
|
Definition
phenytoin
hydralazine
isoniazid
procainamide |
|
|
Term
| true or false: lupus will generally go away when remove drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some of the drugs associated with drug induced acne? |
|
Definition
| BC, testosterone, corticosteroids, (increased androgen in the system) |
|
|
Term
| example questions to ask a patient to evaluate them |
|
Definition
anything new? ie food, soap
painful?
where is it?
how long?
have you had it before?
where do you work?
when did it start?
is it getting worse?
is it local/systemic? |
|
|
Term
| what can you treat acne with? |
|
Definition
topical and systemic antibiotics
topical and systemic comedolytics |
|
|
Term
| true or false: pharmacist should recommend a dermatologist for all forms of acne |
|
Definition
| false: refer all but those with mild forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do you treat for tinea pedis |
|
Definition
| topical antifungals and use for a while (slow to grow, slow to go) |
|
|
Term
| how is tinea pedis spread? |
|
Definition
pools/showers
moist environments that promote growth
dermatophyte infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can you get tinea corporis |
|
Definition
commonly transmitted in day care
hot/humid environments promote growth |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of tinea corporis |
|
Definition
located on body in areas where air flow is limited
worms are not involved
no itching
small, circular, red scaly areas
its a fungi |
|
|
Term
| true or false: can use the same treatment for tinea corporis, tinea pedis, and candida infections |
|
Definition
| true bc they are all fungal infections |
|
|
Term
| what can you use to treat tinea corporis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is topical candida infection? |
|
Definition
| its fungal. common in moist areas in humid conditions. (where no air flow) |
|
|
Term
| what can you treat candida with? |
|
Definition
topical antifungal
dry the affected area |
|
|
Term
| What is contact dermatitis? |
|
Definition
delayed hypersentivity rxn
localized eruption in area exposed to irritant or allergen
pruritis (aka itch) |
|
|
Term
| How can you treat contact dermatitis? |
|
Definition
remove allergen
topical corticosteroids
oral antihistamines
-use OTC if localized, Rx needed if systemic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| its immune related disorder with red and silver plaque lesions |
|
|
Term
| what can you use to treat psoriasis |
|
Definition
emollients
topical corticosteroids and immunosupressants
systemic immunosuppressants
phototherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| redness of the skin; adult acne |
|
|
Term
| what can you use to treat rocacea |
|
Definition
avoid triggers (sun is usually one)
topical and oral antibiotics
topical retinoids
laser treatment |
|
|
Term
| what is atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
eczema: common in pts with other allergies
dry skins with raised patches/lesions |
|
|
Term
| what can you use to treat atopic dermatitis? |
|
Definition
topical emollients
topical corticosteroids
oral antihistamines for itching
-if very localized can use OTC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infection in the skin (located near break in skin)
red, warm, swollen |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat cellulitis? |
|
Definition
oral antibiotics
IV antibiotics in severe cases
must see PCP |
|
|
Term
| Which people are more likely to get cellulitis? |
|
Definition
obese
diabetes
compromised circulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
topical STAPH skin infection
most common in children
direct spread (from touching) |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat impetigo? |
|
Definition
topical or oral antibiotics
refer to PCP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
permethrin 1%
malathion (ovide)
oral invermectin (strmectol)
see PCP |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of head lice |
|
Definition
chidlren 3-12 yo
scalp redness and scaling
pruritus (itch) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sarcoptes scabiei infestation
raised lines caused by mites burrowing under skin
exterme pruritus (itch)
can be spread easily
primarily in children and adolescents (LTCF) (not good hygiene)
they have little lesions with itching |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
permethrin 5%
crotamiton (Eurax Cream)
oral ivermectin (stromectol)
-treatment like head lice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shingles!!! viral infection among the nerve tract |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of herpes zoster |
|
Definition
adults > 40 yo
triggered by stress, old age, immunosuprresion
extreme pain along dermatome
tender red papules - progress to scabs- usually one side of body
can spread to small infants or pts with immunosuppressant therapy
even after lesions the pain still among nerve tract |
|
|
Term
| treatment of herpes zoster |
|
Definition
antivirals - oral valacyclovir and famciclovir
manage acute pain and posterpetic neuralgia
today there is a vaccine
can use lidoderm patches to protect and numb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
basal cell carcinoma (most common)
squamous cell carcinoma (sun-exposed)
melanoma (most deadly)- dark lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
removal of lesion
chemotherapy
radiation |
|
|
Term
| what is activic carontosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dry skin - fissures, itching, cracking |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of xerosis |
|
Definition
-fall and winter - dryer climates, tanning, bath excessively, older
-feet, lower legs
-hands, elbows, face
-rough, dry, scales, cracks
-itching is common
-wont bother until it starts flaking |
|
|
Term
| who is at risk for xerosis |
|
Definition
elderly
frequent bathing
very warm, dry enviroments
-because of decreased sweat and sebaceous glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-emollients - first line for itching and restores barrier and skin function
-agents for itching
-alter bathing habits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-tub bath or shower no more than 3 times per week
-tepid water (3-5 degrees above body temperature bc hot water water promotes dry skin)
-bathe for 3-5 minutes
-apply copious amounts of emollients within 3 minutes
-apply emollients at least 3 times a week
-pat dry because irritate if rub |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vaseline
nivea
keri
lubriderm
AmLactin
eucerin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of acute dermatitis |
|
Definition
red patches or plaques
pebbly surface or blisters (vesicles)
itching is common |
|
|
Term
| how do can tell if its acute contact dermatitis |
|
Definition
look at pattern
look at part of body involved
main symptom is itching
irritant- non-immunological response to frequent contact with everyday substances
rxn in a few hrs
more common than allergic
-there are two types: allergic and irritant
-if systematic then its NOT acute contact dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of subacute dermatitis |
|
Definition
| dry, less red, crusting, oozing, mild thickening. dry lesions |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of chronic dermatitis |
|
Definition
-epidermal thickening
-exaggeration skin markings aka lichenification
-scaling
-less itching (some itching occurs)
-looks like leather bc of very prominent lines |
|
|
Term
| two ways to get poison ivy |
|
Definition
-direct- broken exposure; resin 2 weeks active
-indirect - clothing, dog, smoke; does not spread from lesions
-most common Acute Contact Dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| how to prevent poison ivy |
|
Definition
ivy-block: it will be a barrier (protectant) and must reapply every 4 hrs
-petrolatum can work as ivy-block
-eliminate all sources of exposure
-wash skin and nails within 10 mins (and clothing)
-topical therapy is fine if <10% of BSA
-1st want to dry the skin
-remove source, soaks, calamine lotion (dries), topical and oral antihistamines and corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of poison ivy |
|
Definition
-dermatitis occurs 24 to 48 hrs after exposure
-pruritis is intense: as a result can get 2ndary infections. use cool water to help |
|
|
Term
| general treatment principles |
|
Definition
if its wet, dry it
if its dry, wet it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory/excitation of C-nerve fibers leads to scratching leads to itching and repeat |
|
|
Term
| how to stop scratch itch cycle |
|
Definition
-keep finger nails short or wear gloves
-keep in mind the patients lifestyle, so each pt is diff |
|
|
Term
| treatment of acute dermatitis |
|
Definition
soaks
topical corticosteroids
water |
|
|
Term
| types of soaks and how to use |
|
Definition
domeboro (5% aluminum acetate) - packets in cool water
acetic acid: 60 mL vinegar in 1 qt warm water
saline: 1 tsp salt in 2 cups of water
apply linen or cheesecloth for 30 mins bid-qid remove when dry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
for oozing, weeping, crusting lesions
wet dressings useful for drying acutely inflammed, wet areas |
|
|
Term
| choice of agent based upon... |
|
Definition
location of lesion
type of lesion
severity of lesion/degree of inflammation
degree of skin penetration desired |
|
|
Term
| side effects of topical corticosteroids |
|
Definition
-thinning of skin
-dilated blood vessels
-bruising
-skin color changes
-risk of HPA (hypo potency agents) suppression with long-term use of high-potency agents
=development of tolerance (tachyphylaxis) aka effects wear off |
|
|
Term
| how are topical corticosteroids classified |
|
Definition
high mid low
now days using grades I (most potent) to VII (least potent)
potency relates to anti-inflammatory activity and vasocontrictive potency |
|
|
Term
absorption of topical corticosteroids
how to improve |
|
Definition
-only 1% is absorbed when applied to NORMAL INTACT skin
-if skin is BROKEN down then more is absorbed
-to improve use: plastic wrap + t-shirt/bandage because increases penetration
-leave on for 6 hrs (8 at most) |
|
|
Term
| freq and duration of topical corticosteroids |
|
Definition
bid to qid for 3 to 14 days
choice of vehicle depends on type of dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| purpose of corticosteroids |
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory
anti-pruitic
suppress immune response |
|
|
Term
low potency topical corticosteroids
examples, uses |
|
Definition
-grade 5-7
-examples: hydrocortisone; hytone; cortaid; desonide; actovate
-use on face, groin, genitals, axilla
-mild anti-inflammatory effect
-safest for long-term use
-may not be strong enough to get rid of condition |
|
|
Term
mid-potency topical corticosteroids
examples and uses |
|
Definition
-grades 3-5
-examples: valisone, diprosone, kenalog, cordran
-used on most skin surfaces
-moderate anti-inflammatory effect
-safer for longer usage than high potency |
|
|
Term
high/very high topical corticosteroids
examples and uses |
|
Definition
-grades 1-2
-examples: lidex, ultravate, topicort, psorcon, temovate
-NEVER use on face or intratrigenous areas
-used for very severe lesions and on thicken skin when maximum penetration is needed (aka psoriasis)
avoid using super-potent agents for >2 weeks
-limit to no more than 50 grams a week |
|
|
Term
| What are topical calcineurin inhibitors? |
|
Definition
MOA: blocks pro-inflammatory cytokine genes
can be used in any area
like a mid-potency
no risk of atrophy
few side effect
very costly
now considered a 2nd line treatment
intermittent use only
risk of problems when used for a long time
risk of resp infect in <2 yo |
|
|
Term
| True or False: dose pack should be avoided when administrating systemic corticosteroids |
|
Definition
| TRUE because the treatment is not long enough |
|
|
Term
| What is the dose/frequency/duration used for system corticosteroids |
|
Definition
| start at predinisone 40-60 mg per day; taper every 3 days. use for 10-14 days |
|
|
Term
| What can be used to treat systemically for acute dermatitis? |
|
Definition
corticosteroids
non-sedating antihistamines
sedating antihistamines |
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Term
| examples of non-sedating antihistamines |
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Definition
loratadine (Clartin)
desioratadine (clarinex)
fexofenadine (allergra)
*these will not help with severe itching* |
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Term
| examples of sedating antihistamines |
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Definition
diphenydramine (benadryl)
certizine (zrytec)
hydroxyzine (atarax)
doxepin
*especially useful at night* |
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Term
| what is the allergic traid |
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Definition
asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema
people with eczema will 2/3 will have asthma or allergic rhinitis. |
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Term
| examples of triggers of atopic dermatitis |
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Definition
allergens
chemicals
bathing
detergents
smoke
dust
infections |
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Term
| common locations of atopic dermatitis (subacute) |
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Definition
folds of elbows and knees
face commonly involved in children
adults have more widespread involvement |
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Term
| characteristics of subacute dermatitis |
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Definition
-red scaling, fissured, patches, or plaques
-slight to moderate pruritis, pain, stinging, or burning |
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Term
| characteristics of atopic dermatitis |
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Definition
pruritis
red papules or plaques
scaling excoriations (when get worse)
overall dryness of skin
redness and inflammation
located on face and folds |
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Term
| another name for atopic dermatitis |
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Definition
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Term
| how to treat atopic dermatitis |
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Definition
-emollients + education
-topical corticosteroid
-topical calcineruin inhibitor
-antihistamines at bedtime
-use systemic when topical fails
-avoid chronic treatment if possbile
-cont. to use emollients even after corticosteroid is gone |
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Term
| want to avoid scratching with atopic dermatitis because... |
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Definition
-prone to infections
-usually staph aureus
-treatment with antibiotics |
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Term
| treatment of stasis dermatitis |
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Definition
topical corticosteroids: for itching
emollients: for all pts
oral antihistamines
oral antibiotics for local infections
-use cephalexin 250 mg - 500 mg TID
-bandage any weeping lesions until healed |
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Term
|
Definition
elevate feet and legs
support stockings
compression bandages |
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Term
| treatment of chronic dermatitis |
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Definition
same as subacute
use emollients daily or more
avoid long-term corticosteroids
UV light |
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Term
| characteristics of chronic dermatitis |
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Definition
well demarcated, lichenified, thickened plaques
excoriations, fissures, scaling
itching predominates (minor irritations or trauma worsens itching) |
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Term
| characteristics of stasis dermatitis |
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Definition
patients > 50 yo
poor circulation
most common around ankles and uplegs
aching, swelling, discomfort
discoloration can occur
red, scaly, crusted plaques
swelling edema
2ndary infection and ulcers common
hyperpigmentation - retention of Fe++ in skin because circulation is compromised and capillaries leaks releasing iron deposit |
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Term
| Types of 2ndary lesions that have a loss of skin surface |
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Definition
| excoriation, fissure, ulcer, erosion |
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Term
| type of 2ndary skin lesion that have material on skin surface |
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Definition
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Term
| type of 2ndary skin lesion that are vascular |
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Definition
| petechias, ecctymiosis, cherry angioma, telangiectasia |
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