Term
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Definition
Hippocrates
Blood
Phlegm (blood plasma)
Yellow Bile (Bilirubin)
Black Bile (Grey sediment from platelets and clotting factors) |
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Term
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Definition
"Shepherd of the anus"
Rejected the idea of magic |
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Term
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Definition
founded a school for physicians on Kos
Hippocratic Oath
Four Humor Theory
Blended empirical knowledge and observation with philosophical teaching |
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Term
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Definition
Earliest known writing on medicine
Imhotep author
info on trauma, surgery, anatomy, diagnosis, medical conditions |
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Term
| Aulus Celsus (30BC- 38AD) |
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Definition
Identified the cardinal signs of inflammation
Wrote "De Medicina" |
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Term
| Claudius Galenus (129-201AD) |
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Definition
GOAT
Arteries filled w/ blood, not air
Kidneys make urine
The spinal cord and nerves control muscle function |
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Term
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) |
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Definition
| learned from human dissection about the functions of muscles, bones, and tendons |
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Term
| William Harvey (1578-1657) |
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Definition
Discovered that the blood is moved through the body by the heart
Wrote "De Motu Cordis et Sanguinis" |
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Term
| Rudolf Virchow (1821-1905) |
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Definition
Father of modern Pathology
Founded cellular pathology
1st to recognizing leukemia
Virchow's node
coined embolism |
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Term
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Definition
| Enlarged left supra-clavicular lymph node as an early sign of gastric cancer |
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Term
| Difference between signs and symptoms |
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Definition
Signs can be seen by a doctor or detected by clinical tests
EX bleeding, x-ray, labs, fever
Symptoms are reported by the patient, cannot be measured
EX pain, vertigo, drowsiness |
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Term
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Definition
| Undesired deviation from the norm |
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Term
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Definition
Etiology - cause of the disease
Pathogenesis - The disease process
Lesion - Structural changes in tissues
Functional Changes - clinical manifestation |
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Term
| Basic Principles of Human Disease |
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Definition
Genetic predisposition
acquired - infection, trauma, degenerative
Seen - jaundice, bleeding
Testing needed - x-ray, antigen,
Signs
Symptoms |
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Term
Pathological alterations
(how to recognize disease) |
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Definition
Patient Report - pain, Nausea
Gross Examination - autopsy, physical exam
Histologic Examination - alterations visible by microscope
Laboratory examination - blood, urine, DNA tests
Specialized examinations - x-ray, ultrasound, endoscopy, MRI |
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Term
| Cardinal Signs of Inflammation |
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Definition
1. Rubor (redness)
2. Tumor (swelling)
3. Calor (heat)
4. Dolor (Pain)
5. Functio Laesa (impaired function) Galen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 1st stage of Inflammation |
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Definition
0-4 hours - Rubor, Calor
performed factors - antibodies, complement, serum factors, vasoactive factors |
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Term
| 2nd stage of Inflammation |
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Definition
4-48 hours Rubor, Calor, Dolor, Tumor
Influx of neutrophils |
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Term
| 3rd stage of Inflammation |
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Definition
24-96 hours
Rubor, Calor, Dolor, Tumor, functio laesa
Influx of macrophages |
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Term
| 4th stage of Inflammation |
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Definition
96+ hours
Adaptive immunity - T lymphocytes are activated and migrate to the inflammatory site |
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Term
| Edward Jenner (1749-1823) |
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Definition
Smallpox vaccine
Saw milkmaids did not get smallpox after getting cowpox |
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Term
| Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865) |
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Definition
Savior of Mother
Started handwashing
Was ridiculed for it |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) |
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Definition
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Term
| Sir Joseph Lister (1827-1912) |
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Definition
| Started using Carbolic Acid to disinfect instruments |
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Term
| George Papanicolaou (1883-1962) |
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Definition
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Term
| Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) |
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Definition
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