Term
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Definition
Impairment of body stucture and function
Activity Limitation
Participation restriction
Impact of contextual factors (enviroment/personal) |
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Term
Why do we now use the ICF model?
Who was it developed by? |
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Definition
It integrates function and disability and shifts focus to how people live with a condition.
developed by WHO |
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Term
| Give an example of an impairment? |
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Definition
| decrease of mobility or flexibility |
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Term
| Give an example of a activity limitation? |
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Definition
| inhibit an activity of daily living |
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Term
| What is a participation restriction? |
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Definition
| the patients role in society |
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Term
| What does impact of contextual factors include? |
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Definition
| past medical history, work enviroment, etc. |
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Term
| Requirements for clinical decision making? |
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Definition
Knowledge, recall, investigative instinct
Experience
Efficient information gathering and processing
Evidence Based practice
Critical thinking
patient centered
reflective thought process |
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Term
| what are the 6 steps in patient management model? |
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Definition
Examination/Re-exam
Evaluation
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Intervention
Outcome |
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Term
| Purposeful and skillful interaction b/w PT and pt., occurs via various methods/techniques to produce changes in pt's condition? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 main types of intervention? |
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Definition
Procedural intervention
Patient-related instruction
Communication/coordination |
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Term
| What are examples of procedural interventions? |
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Definition
| manual therapy, modalities, strength, balance, agility, gait, transfer, bed mobility |
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Term
| what intervention includes functionally connected, support of evidence, safe and progressive? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are examples of Patient-related instruction? |
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Definition
| HEP, family education, educate pt. on diagnosis, getting pt actively involved |
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Term
| Way the PT helps the pt learn how to get better via active participation. Can be pathology, pt, and/or family focused. Understand learning/recognize learning style. |
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Definition
| Patient-related instruction |
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Term
| What are examples of Communication/coordination? |
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Definition
| talking or writting to other doctors, nurses, therapist, physical letter to update |
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Term
| What determines the success of intervention and possible modification of intervention/goals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Systematic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures, or physical activities intended to help the patient? |
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Definition
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Term
| Therapeutic exercise is intended to provide a patient with means to? |
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Definition
address/prevent impairments
restore, improve, enhance physical function
prevent/reduce health related risk factors
optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being |
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Term
| what are the types of therapeutic exercise? |
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Definition
| aerobic, muscle performance, stretching, neuromuscular/postural awareness training, stability, balance/agility, functional training |
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Term
| How do we ensure pt safety? |
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Definition
health hx and status
enviroment
accuracy of exercise |
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Term
| how do we ensure our safety? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are benefits of HEP? |
|
Definition
performance, functional independence and decreased disability
decreased risk of recurrence, frequency, and intensity of care
decreased supervision for tasks and improved self awareness
improved knowledge and awareness
improved health status and physical function |
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Term
development strageties are dependent on what 2 factors?
which is more important? |
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Definition
efficiency and efficacy
efficiency is more imp |
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Term
| What development stragety produces the desired effect and has a time component? |
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Definition
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Term
| what development stragety includes getting the desire result? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some factors that affect compliance? |
|
Definition
Outside barriers(pscyhological, enviromental)
Initial compliance
Continued compliance |
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Term
| Precondition for continued compliance? |
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Definition
| We want to reduce the symptoms in the clinic to increase their ability and willingness to continue with HEP. Get positive outcomes. |
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Term
| What are some guidelines for a HEP? |
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Definition
| Show one exercise at a time, simplicity, professional materials, technology, individualized, photos, color, video, customizable, compliance |
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Term
| What are the muscular consequences of immobilization and disuse? |
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Definition
| Decreased muscle mass and strength/XSA, Decreased magnitude and number of muscle activation, increase of N+ excretion by 5th day (Muscle breaking down) |
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Term
| do flexors or extensors become more week with immobilization? |
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Definition
| extensors are more weak than the flexors |
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Term
| Are fast-twitch or slow-twitch weaker after immobilization? |
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Definition
| Fast-twitch are weaker after immobilization, and slow twitch also decrease but not as much as fast-twitch |
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Term
| Do large or small muscle fibers get weak quicker with immobilization? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the changes in intramuscular fluid volume with immobilization? |
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Definition
| increases in UE and decreases in LE |
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Term
| What changes occur in the ultrastructure of muscle fibers? |
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Definition
| z-line streaming (lot less defined), cellular edema, myofibril protein disorganization, mitochondrial location |
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Term
| What is decrease muscle power due to with immobilization? |
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Definition
| mechanical properties, change in Ca levels at the NMJ |
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Term
| what are the bony consequences of immobilization? |
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Definition
| decreased diatary calcium absorption, decreased mineral density in WB bones, decreased fracture threshold |
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Term
| Loss of Ca through fecal during immobilization is due to what? |
|
Definition
| role of the parathyroid gland |
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Term
| Loss of Ca through urine during immobilization is due to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Have to have Ca absorption where to get Ca absorption to the bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to ligaments with immobilization? |
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Definition
| decreased XSA, increased turnover (bad bc you want it constant), decreased mechanical properties and structures, and decreased stress level |
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Term
| What happens to tendons that are immobilized? |
|
Definition
Decrease metabolic turnover, decrease vascularity and circulation
Need to stress a tendon to realign the collagen fibers |
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Term
| What happens to articular cartilage with immobilization? |
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Definition
| decreased chondrocyte production, controlled loading and unloading, fibrous ankylosis, compression necrosis, obliterative degeneration |
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Term
| What forces is proteogylcan important in for articular cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What force is collagen important for in articular cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does controlled loading and unloading do for articular cartilage? |
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Definition
| Cellular nutrition- brings fluid in and out carrying nutrients and waste |
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Term
| What is fibrous ankylosis? how early can it occur with immobilization? |
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Definition
| replacement of fibro-fatty tissue for articular cartilage, can happen in as little as 1 month |
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Term
| What is continuous pressure on articular surface that leads to tissue death? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is articular surfaces no longer in contact with each other so no waste or nutrition go to or leave the area? |
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Definition
| obliterative degeneration |
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Term
| What is the influence of therapeutic exercise in articular cartilage with immobilization? |
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Definition
| Synovial fluid levels decrease with immobilization, but when the joint moves there is an increase in synovial fluid |
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Term
| What are the effects of immobilization on the neuromuscular components? |
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Definition
| Decrease in electrical efficiency |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on hematological? |
|
Definition
| decreased blood flow to the abdominal aorta and femoral arteries, increased risk of pulmonary embolus and DVT, Increased venous stasis in lower extremities |
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Term
| Effects of immobilization on cardiovascular? |
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Definition
| Decreased plasma volume, decreased cardiac stroke volume, decreased cardiac distensibility, increased heart rate |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on pulmonary? |
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Definition
| decreased pulmonary capacity and secretions not mobilized effectively, decreased functional residual capacity, dependent pulmonary edema, weakened respiratory muscles, weak and ineffective cough, increased risk of hypoxia, hypercardia, pneumia, increased risk of thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis, hindering of cellular functions and tissue healing |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on integumentary? |
|
Definition
| increased turgidity, increased skin atrophy, primary risk factor for development of pressure ulcers |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on gastrointestinal? |
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Definition
| decrease in gastrointestinal motility and gastric secretions, swallowing difficulty, catabolic state, increased fluid loss via diuresis and constipation |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on urinary? |
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Definition
| increased diuresis, extracellular to intracellular fluid shift |
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Term
| effects of immobilization on metabolic? |
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Definition
| decreased insulin sensitivity, decreased basal metabolic rate, risk of increased body fat |
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Term
| the ability to perform whole body activities for extended periods of time without undue fatigue is? |
|
Definition
| cardiorespiratory endurance |
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Term
| why should aerobic intervention be part of a POC? |
|
Definition
| to maintain existing levels of aerobic capacity during the rehabilitation period |
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Term
| what is the purpose of the cardiorespiratory system? |
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Definition
| provides a means by which oxygen is supplied to the various tissues of the body |
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Term
the ability to perform work is?
the total of all energy processes is? |
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Definition
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Term
Catabolic reactions do what?
Anabolic? |
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Definition
break down molecules
build up molecules |
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Term
|
Definition
x-bridge formation
Na-K pump
Ca pump
stores energy |
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|
Term
| ATP is produced in muscle by what? |
|
Definition
| blood glucose or glycogen |
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|
Term
| What are other nutrients that can produce ATP but first must be changed? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| If glucose is not used, what's its storage form? |
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Definition
| glycogen in resting muscle or liver |
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