Term
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Definition
| short neck, restricted neck movement and a low hairline; fewer cervical vertebrae; small nerve roots and intervertebral foramina |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 or 2 vertebral ossification; scoliosis; |
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Term
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Definition
| premature closure of skull sutures |
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Term
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Definition
| premature sagittal suture closure; long narrow head |
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Term
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Definition
| premature closure of coronal and lambdoid sutures; high and conically-shaped skull |
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Term
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Definition
| premature closure of coronal and lambdoidal suture on one side resulting in an oblique deformity of skull |
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Term
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Definition
| normal or slightly smaller calvaria at birth; defective brain and spinal cord development; volume less than 1350 |
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Term
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Definition
| superior displacement of bone around foramen magnum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| autosomal dominant genetic disorder that causes dwarfism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| teratogen; amelia, meromelia, or lesser limb defectts |
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Term
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Definition
| absence of limbs (4th week) |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a limb is missing (5th week) |
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Term
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Definition
| reduction in length of phalanges; usually associated with shortness of stature |
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Term
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Definition
| dominant trait; extra digit |
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Term
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Definition
| prevents proper weight bearing |
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Term
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Definition
| clubfoot; sole of foot is turned medially and the foot is inverted |
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Term
| Congenital dislocation of hip |
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Definition
| abnomal development of acetabulum; common after breech deliveries; joint laxity |
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Term
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Definition
| absence of pectoralis major muscle and syndactyly |
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Term
| Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita |
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Definition
| stiffness of joints due to hypoplasia of associated muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| wryneck; sternocleidomastoid muscle shortened and fibrotic; sometimes caused by injury during delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| L5 or S1 lamina does not fuse or develop; no back problems |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebral arches do not develop; cyst sac forms; may cause meningocele |
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Term
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Definition
| spinal cord and meninges herniate |
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Term
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Definition
| forward movement of lumbar vertebrae; caused by the pars interarticularis |
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Term
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Definition
| L3/L4 or L4/L5; remove CSF; Enter dural sac |
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Term
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Definition
| anesthesia; only into epidural space; pain and sensation lost |
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Term
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Definition
| narrowing of spinal canal; can cause sciatic pain; laminectomy is treatment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| defect in the pars interarticularis; majority in L5 |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive flexion; crushed vertebral body, crushed anteriorly |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebral body is crushed in all directions; margins of body spread several directions; can injure spinal cord and bony fragments; acute conus medullaris - cauda equina syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive vertical force on a straight neck; atlas broken; lateral masses displaced |
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Term
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Definition
| severe extension; fracture of the dens |
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Term
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Definition
| intervertebral disc, causes sciatica; usually in posterolateral direction towards intervertebral foramen |
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Term
| Spiral fracture of humeral shaft |
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Definition
| Can damage radial nerve and profunda brachii artery |
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Term
| Complete avulsion of medial epicondyle |
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Definition
| damage to ulnar nerve; funny bone |
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Term
| Fracture of the olecranon |
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Definition
| damage to ulna, elbow joint, and soft tissue; triceps pulls and separates the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 types of fractures; crack, displaced large piece; more than three pieces |
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Term
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Definition
| Proximal: pronator pulls broken radius; Distal: Colles fractures |
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Term
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Definition
| broken into several small pieces |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| misdiagnosed as a sprained wrist; supplied by the radial artery |
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Term
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Definition
| C5 and C6; excessive increased angle between neck and shoulder; effects suprascapular, subclavius, axillary, musculocutaneous, median, and pectoral nerves; WAITERS TIP position |
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Term
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Definition
| C8 and T1 (sometimes C7); excessive abduction of arm; ulnar and median nerves; clawhand |
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Term
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Definition
| improperly adjusted crutch in armpit; paralysis of deltoid and teres minor; abduction is impaired |
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Term
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Definition
| fracture of midhumerus or crutch in armpit; inability to extend elbow, wrist and fingers; WRIST DROP |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of pronation and decrease in flexion of hand and wrist; stab wound proximal to flexor retinaculum or supracondylar fracture |
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Term
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Definition
| synovial sheaths becoming thickened or arthritic changes in carpal bones; compression of median nerve; loss of sensation of thumb and lateral 2.5 fingers |
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Term
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Definition
| medial epicondyle damage or slash to wrist; inability to abduct or adduct fingers; thumb cannot be adducted; fexion of wrist hand becomes abducted |
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Term
| Musculocutaneous Nerve Injury |
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Definition
| weakend flexion of shoulder and elbow and supination of the radioulnar joint; sensory deficit in lateral forearm |
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Term
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Definition
| Accutane, retinoic acid; brain is most severely affected |
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Term
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Definition
| child born with physical, developmental and functional problems |
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Term
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Definition
| autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin |
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Term
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Definition
| tissue wide insulin resistance; can lead to loss of beta cell function |
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Term
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Definition
| most occur at the femoral neck or the intertrochanteric region |
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