Term
| process that results in complete destruction of ALL microorganisms |
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Definition
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Term
| process that results in destruction of pathogenic organisms but not spores |
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Definition
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Term
| process of mechanical removal or reduction of the numbers of microorganisms |
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Definition
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Term
| penetrate mucous membranes or contact bone, bloodstream, or normally sterile tissues |
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Definition
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Term
| best way to control Critical instruments |
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Definition
| heat sterilize between uses or use single use/disposable devices |
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Term
surgical instruments
scalpel blades
periodontal scalers
surgical dental burs |
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Definition
| examples of critical instruments |
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Term
| contact mucous membranes but do not penetrate soft tissue |
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Definition
| semi-critical instruments |
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Term
| best way to control semi critical instruments |
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Definition
| heat sterilize or high level disinfectant |
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Term
Dental mouth mirrors
Amalgam condensers
Dental handpieces |
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Definition
| examples of semi-critical instruments |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| best way to control noncritical instruments |
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Definition
| clean and disinfect using low to intermediate level disinfectant |
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Term
x-ray heads
facebows
pulse oxometer
blood pressure cuff |
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Definition
| examples of non critical instruments |
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Term
steam under pressure
prolonged dry heat
unsaturated chemical vapor |
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Definition
| methods of sterilization for Heat stable items |
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Term
ethylene oxide
chemical (cold) sterilization |
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Definition
| method of sterilization for heat liable items |
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Term
| sterilization by steam under pressure |
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Definition
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Term
121 C / 250 F
15 psi
15-20 min
instruments still wet
Steam must penetrate packaging |
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Definition
| Steam Autoclave requirements |
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Term
Acceptable:
paper
plastic
cloth
Unacceptable:
closed metal or glass containers |
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Definition
| materials in steam autoclave |
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Term
| different types of autoclaves |
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Definition
| gravity autoclave, statim autoclave, steam injection |
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Term
quick and easy to use
penetrates fabric or cloth
ability to process wide range of materials
can be readily monitored for effectiveness
very economical |
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Definition
| Advantages of steam autoclave |
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Term
corrosion of carbon steel instruments
may dull sharp cutting edges
may damage some plastics
packages may be wet after cycle |
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Definition
| disadvantages of steam autoclave |
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Term
second generation
6 min turn around
primarily for handpieces
Advantages:
shorter steam exposure
auto air drying
Disadvantages:
small chamber
instruments cannot be wrapped |
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Definition
| Statim Cassette Autoclave |
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Term
132-135 C / 270-275 F
3-4 min (10 min for larger loads)
must allow steam to penetrate packaging
Acceptable: paper, plastic, cloth
Unacceptable: closed metal or glass containers |
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Definition
| pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers |
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Term
sterilization
disinfection
sanitization |
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Definition
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Term
utilizes a pump to evacuate air in the camber, creating a vacuum
adds steam and vacuum allows for quicker penetration
steam is then pumped out of the chamber, allowing for the vacuum to completely dry contents of sterilizer |
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Definition
| function of pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers |
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Term
160 C / 320 F
2hrs
must not insulate from heat
must withstand high temperatures
Acceptable packaging: paper, aluminum foil, polyfilm plastic tubing
Unacceptable: plastic or paper that can't withstand environment |
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Definition
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Term
effective and safe for metal instruments and mirrors
does not dull cutting edges
does not rust or corrode
can be easily monitored for effectiveness |
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Definition
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Term
longer cycle for sterilization
poor penetration
may discolor or char fabric
destroys heat liable items (plastic, metals)
unsuitable for most handpieces |
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Definition
| disadvantages of dry heat |
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Term
132 C / 270 F
20psi
20-40 min depending on load
must penetrate and not react with materials
Acceptable: perforated metal trays, paper, unacceptable solid metal trays, sealed glass jars |
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Definition
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Term
short cycle
does not rust or corrode metal items
does not dull cutting edges
can be monitored for effectiveness |
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Definition
| advantages of chemical vapor |
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Term
requires good ventilation (bad smell)
special chemical solution must be used (alcohols, formaldehyde and others)
damages some plastics
instruments must be completely dry before processing
does not penetrate fabric wrapping |
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Definition
| disadvantages of chemical vapor |
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Term
Usually found in hospitals or large clinical settings
3-12 hrs depending on load and gas temperature
does not rust instruments
high cost equipment
sterilizes most plastics
aeration for nonmetallic materials for 24hrs
residual gas can cause tissue burns |
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Definition
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Term
wrapped 375 F for 12 min
Unwrapped 375 F for 6 min
high startup cost
no corrosion
short cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| what gives assurance that sterility has been achieved? |
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Definition
| Only biological indicators |
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Term
equipment has been repaired
new packaging material
new or additional staff being trained
loading procedures is changes |
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Definition
| times to test your sterilizer |
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Term
spore strips
spore vials
spore ampules |
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Definition
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Term
filter paper impregnated with spores and sealed in a permeable envelope. Most widely accepted.
suitable for steam, chemical vapor, dryheat, ethelyne oxide |
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Definition
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Term
paper strips or disks in a vented container and test ampule
after sterilization the ampule is crushed over the medium
color change indicates growth
Limited to ethylene oxide |
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Definition
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Term
contain geobacillus stearothermophilus in a glass ampule
limited to steam autoclaves |
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Definition
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Term
| improper cleaning of instruments |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: debris can insulate organisms from direct contact with sterilizing agent |
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Term
| wrong packaging material for method of sterilization |
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Definition
| sterilization failure : prevents penetration of the sterilizing agent, materials may melt |
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Term
| excessive packaging material |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: inhibits penetration of sterilizing agent |
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Term
| cloth wrap in chemical vapor sterilizer |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: cloth may absorb chemicals preventing sufficient vaporization for sterilization |
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Term
| closed container in steam or chemical vapor sterilizer |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: prevents direct contact with the sterilizing agent |
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Term
| over loading the sterilizer |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: increases heatup time, will inhibit penetration of sterilizing agent to center of load |
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Term
| no separation between packages or cassettes even without overloading |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: may prevent or inhibit thorough contact of sterilizing agent with all items in the chamber |
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Term
incorrect operation of sterilizer
-timer started before sterilizing temperature is reached
-door opened during cycle
-timer malfunction |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: insufficient time at proper temperature to achieve kill |
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Term
improper temperature
incorrect operation
malfunction |
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Definition
| sterilization failure: insufficient heat for proper time to achieve kill |
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Term
centrally located
allow for a linear flow
have separate contaminated and non-contaminated areas |
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Definition
| organization of sterilization area |
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Term
pre- soak
cleaning, rinse and drying
packaging
sterilization
storage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| immersed in a detergent until time allows for cleaning |
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Term
| how to check for malfunction in ultrasonic cleaner |
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Definition
place sheet of aluminum foil cleaner
run for 5 min
there should be little holes in the sheet |
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Term
| when handling loose instruments |
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Definition
| utility gloves are a must! |
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Term
| use a rack to hold ultrasonics |
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Definition
| never allow to lay loose in a cleaner |
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Term
| use a cleaning solution that is |
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Definition
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Term
| when to change cleaning solutions? |
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Definition
| doily or if visibly soiled |
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Term
appropriatness for method
reliability as bacterial barrier
durability
shelf life
ease of use
cost of effectiveness
availability |
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Definition
| Factors in selecting packaging materials |
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Term
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Definition
| dry, closed, or covered caontainment |
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Term
type of packaging
use of overwraps
storage conditions
30 days shelf life but could be up to 6mos if stored properly |
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Definition
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Term
well ventilated
limited access areas
arranged to avoid crushing |
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Definition
| storage of sterilized instruments |
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