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| Moved people from inside of Troy to Italy |
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| forced himself on throne of Alba took the throne from his brother Numitor |
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| Numus' Grandson, 4th King of Rome. War and peace as needed. |
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| One of the first two Consul of Rome after the Monarchy. After he resigned Publicola took his place. Wife was Lucretia. |
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| After Monarchy: Aristocrat that spoke out against the Plebians. General war against Volcian army. Banished from Rome. |
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Curiattii (Alba)
Horatii (Rome) WINNERS
during the Reign of Tullus Hostilius
Triplets, fought each other |
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| Queen of Carthage had an affair with Aeneas. Her suicide brought a curse on Aeneas an his decedents |
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| Pretended to be an idiot, but was smart enough to "kiss the earth" and become one of the first two consuls of Rome |
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| Wrote about Rome's History from 753BC to 9 BC, lived during the Roman Republic and the life of Augustus. |
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| Collantinus' wife, got raped by Sexus Tarquinius, son of Tarquinius Superbus. Her assault and subsequent suicide led to the banishment of the Tarquin family. |
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| 2nd king, peaceful and religious. From Sabine. |
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| rightful heir of Alba throne. His brother Amulius took the throne and tried to kill Numitor's grandsons Romulus and Remus |
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| lived during Roman Empire. Wrote history |
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| Consul of Rome, after the Monarchy, took the place of Collantinus. |
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| His capture brought about he discovery of Sylvia's lost children. Killed by brother Romulus |
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| 6th king, flames over his head. Servant that became king. |
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| Mother of Romulus and Remus Father was Mars |
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| (Lucumo) Tarquinius Priscus' wife, encouraged him to move to Rome from Corinth. |
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| 5th King of Rome, Built temple of Jupiter and Circus Maximus, and sewer system. Also named Lucumo, Killed by Ancus Marcius' 2 sons |
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| 7th and final king of Rome. Got banished after years of tyranny and subjugation of the people. |
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| King of Sabines during Romulus' time. Convinced Sabines to attack Rome because of the rape of the Sabine women. Later co-ruled Rome with Romulus. |
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| Killed her father Servius Tullius, her first husband, and sister |
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| 3rd King, very warlike. This is when Curiattii (Alba) and Horattii (Rome) triplets fought |
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| Latin Poet, wrote the Aeneid, greatly influenced by the writings of Homer |
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| Traditional date for the founding of Rome |
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| Start and end of the Monarchial Period |
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| Start of the Republic Period |
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| Format of the Roman government during the Monarchial Period |
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| Basic geographical and social situation of Rome |
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Definition
1.) Fertile Land
2.) Bad harbors
3.) Tiber River |
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| Describe the Etruscan people, their characteristics, and their contributions to Roman culture. |
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Definition
North of Rome
Introduced the Greek alphabet |
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| chief magistrates of the ancient Roman republic. |
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| (in ancient Rome) whose duties included executing the sentences of criminals. Policemen. |
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| belonging or pertaining to the common people. |
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| a member of the original senatorial aristocracy in ancient Rome. |
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| the great ancient Roman circus between the Palatine and Aventine hills. |
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| the marketplace or public square of an ancient Roman city, the center of judicial and business affairs and a place of assembly for the people. |
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| (in the ancient Roman republic) either of two officials who kept the register or census of the citizens, awarded public contracts, and supervised manners and morals. |
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| area of dominion; sphere of control or monopoly; empire. |
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| What kind of land shape is Italy? |
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Definition
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| What kind of harbors does Italy have? |
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Definition
| Rocky, not very accessible |
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| What kind of work did most of Italy’s people perform? Why? |
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Definition
| farmers, they had fertile land and great weather and climate |
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| Name the three main periods of Roman history. |
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Definition
1.) Monarchy
2.) Republic
3.) Empire |
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| Which writer wrote about Rome’s history from the founding of Rome until 9 BC? |
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| Who is known as the greatest Latin poet, was the author of the Aeneid, and was greatly influenced by Homer? |
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| Name the survivor of the Trojan War who led his people to Italy. |
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| Who was the queen of Carthage who had a love affair with Aeneas? |
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| What was the relationship between Carthage and Rome during Rome’s history? |
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| Pre-Monarchy: The throne of Alba rightfully belonged to whom? Who actually became king? |
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Definition
Numitor
Amulius (brother of Numitor) |
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| Who were the mother and “father” of Romulus and Remus according to tradition? |
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| Who was the builder and first king of Rome? |
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Definition
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| On which hill was Rome originally built? How many hills did Rome grow to eventually encompass? |
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Definition
| Palatine Hill, Grew to 7 hills |
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| On which river is Rome situated? |
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Definition
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| What was the name of the first governing body of Rome? How many men made up this body? |
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Definition
Patricians (Senate)
100 Men |
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| What does the word “patrician” mean? |
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Definition
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| Did the first king (Romulus) restrict the population of Rome? Explain. |
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Definition
| No. Romulus encouraged all people to live in Rome. There were many types of people could live there, he just wanted the population to grow. |
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Term
| How did the men of Rome, under Romulus, find wives? |
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Definition
| Romulus held a festival and invited the Sabines. The Roman men captured 700 of the Sabine women |
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| Romulus: Who was the leader of the Sabine people during the reign of the first king? |
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Definition
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| Romulus: When peace was established with the Sabines, how did Rome change? |
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| Rome doubled in population, 100 new noblemen from the Sabines. |
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| Who was the second king of Rome? Where was the second king from? |
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Definition
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| What did the second king of Rome focus on during his reign? |
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Definition
| Numa Pompilius was peaceful and religious |
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Term
| Who was the third king of Rome? What kind of king was he? |
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Definition
| Tullus Hostilius, very hostile, and liked war |
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| During Tullus Hostilius' reign, war with the Albans was settled by a fight between two sets of brothers. Who were they? |
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Definition
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| Before the fight between Haratii and Curiatti something happened that was the first occurrence ever in Rome. What was it? |
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Definition
| 2 Cities united by a treaty the outcome was the Haratii and Curiatti fight. |
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| Who was the fourth king of Rome? How was he different from the earlier kings? |
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Definition
| Ancus Marcius-He tried to be peaceful but would go to war if necessary. |
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| Who was the fifth king of Rome? What was his wife’s name? |
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Definition
| Tarquinius Priscus (Lucomo). His wife's name was Tanaquil |
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| Where did Tarquinius Priscus and His wife Tanaquil live before moving to Rome? |
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Definition
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| What two key things did the fifth king (Tarquinius Priscus) build in Rome during his reign? |
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Definition
1. Built Circus Maximus
2. Temple to Jupiter
3. Built a huge sewer to drain swamps of Rome |
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| Who was the sixth king of Rome? What is significant about his taking the throne? |
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Definition
| Servius Tullius-He wasn't elected as king, and he was originally a servant. |
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| What three things did Servius Tullius accomplish during his reign? |
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Definition
1.) Changed tax system in proportion of income and property ownership.
2.) Reorganized military
3.) Changed voting system |
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Term
| How did Servius Tullius die? |
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Definition
| He was murdered by his daughter Tullia and his son-in-law |
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| Who was the seventh king of Rome? How did he treat the people of Rome? |
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Definition
| Tarquinius Superbus, 2nd wife's name was Tullia -He ruled by fear and intimidation. |
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| What did one of Tarquinius Superbus' sons do that outraged the people of Rome? |
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Definition
| Sexus Tarquinius raped Lucretia, Collatinus wife. Lucretia killed herself. |
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| What happened to Tarquinius Superbus and his family? |
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Definition
| They were banished from Rome. |
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| Which king was the grandson of Numa? |
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Definition
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| Which king had a boyhood incident during which flames appeared on his head without burning him? |
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Definition
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| Which king introduced January and February into the Roman calendar? |
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Definition
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| What are the beginning and ending dates of the first period of Roman history? |
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Definition
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| Who was the son of Egerius and one of the first two consuls of Rome? |
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Definition
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| Which group brought the basics of the Greek alphabet to Rome? |
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Definition
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| Which family brought Etruscan influence to the monarchy? |
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Definition
| Tarquinius Priscus and Tanaquil |
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Term
| What is the Roman Assembly? |
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Definition
| All male citizens of Rome |
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| Into which two groups were Rome’s citizens divided throughout much of its history? |
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Definition
1.) Patricians
2.) Plebians |
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Term
| Who was responsible to elect or appoint a king? Who was responsible to approve or veto this appointment? |
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Definition
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| Who were the first two consuls of Rome’s second period? |
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Definition
1.) Junius Brutus
2.) Collantinus |
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Term
| After the end of the monarchy, what kind of government did Rome establish? |
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Definition
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| In the beginning of the Republic period, did Rome have a written constitution? Explain. |
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Definition
| No, everything was stated orally. Everyone just knew the laws. |
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Term
| How long was a consul’s term? What happened at the end of his term |
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Definition
| One year. He had to join the senate. |
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Term
| Give three reasons why the consul position was severely limited in power. |
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Definition
1. They only served for one year.
2. They spent the entire year trying to make the Senate happy.
3. There were two consuls and each consul could veto the other.
(You just have to go into detail because it’s an essay question.) |
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| Which job position was beneath the consuls and managed the treasury and finances? |
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| Which job position was initially judicial and administrative in nature? |
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Definition
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| Which job position was similar to that of a policeman? |
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Definition
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| Which job position was responsible to count and divide the population into tax brackets and collect taxes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does “imperium” mean? |
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Definition
| The power or authority to rule |
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Term
| What was the fight for equal rights between the two classes known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was the lower class important to the upper class? |
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Definition
| They did all the work. The made the food, clothing, and houses. |
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Term
| Which job position was responsible for representing the lower class? When? What rights did the lower class receive? |
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Definition
Tribune.
During the Struggle of the Orders.
They were able to write their own laws. |
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Term
| 12. Which of the first two consuls resigned his position before the end of his term? Why? |
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Definition
| Collatinus. He was suspected of ruling in favor of the Tarquin’s so he became unpopular with the people. |
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Term
| Who took over Collantinus' position? (real name) |
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Definition
| Publius Valerius (Publicola) |
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Term
| By what nickname was this Publius Valerius (consul) known? What does this nickname mean? |
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Definition
Publicola.
Protector of the people. |
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Term
| What plot had Publius Valerius uncovered in the past that demonstrated his loyalty? |
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Definition
| Some of Tarquin’s people were trying to assassinate the consuls. Collantinus and Brutus. |
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Term
| What does Publius Valerius (Publicola) do at Brutus’ funeral that becomes tradition for future generations? |
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Definition
| He gave a speech praising Brutus. |
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Term
| How often was Publius Valerius (Publicola) elected consul? How was he remembered after his death? |
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Definition
| 4 times. He was remembered as one of the greatest generals and the most popular consuls of Rome. |
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Term
Who was Caius Marcius?
What nickname did he receive?
Why? |
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Definition
A Roman soldier.
Coriolanus.
He had a victory in a battle at Corioli. |
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Term
| What ends up happening to Caius Marcius (Coriolanus)? |
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Definition
| He was supposed to become consul but at the last minute the people refused to elect him. He became angry and left to become a general for Corioli. |
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Term
| Who are the decemvirs? Why were they appointed? |
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Definition
| 10 men. To write the 12 table laws. |
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Term
| What positions and rights were suspended while the decemvirs ruled? |
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Definition
| The senate powers were suspended. |
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Term
| What was the first written law in Rome called? When was it completed? |
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Definition
| The 12 table laws. In 450 BC. |
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Term
| Why was the Twelve Table Laws important? How does it compare to the Bible? (two ways) |
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Definition
| Important: it was the1st set of codified laws. And it defined the relationship between the patricians and the plebians. Compared: Roman laws weren’t always balanced like the Bible's laws are. Roman citizens were favored versus it being equal. |
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Term
| Why did Rome initially expand its borders by conquering neighboring territory? |
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Definition
| They felt threatened by everyone surrounding them so they just conquered them to feel safe. |
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Term
| Whom did Rome conquer during the 5th and 4th centuries BC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which group came down over the Alps and burned Rome to the ground in 387 BC? |
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Definition
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Term
What did the Gauls want?
What did they do after burning Rome? |
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Definition
All of their valuables.
They just left. |
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Term
| How did the Latin alliance view Rome? |
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Definition
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Term
What did the Latin Alliance do to the Bully Rome?
What happened to them? |
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Definition
The Latin Alliance wanted freedom,
They were defeated by Rome. |
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Term
| Which group lived in the southern parts of Italy? |
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Definition
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Term
| By which date had Rome conquered the entire Italian peninsula? |
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Definition
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| Essay Question: Explain how Rome was able to peacefully hold onto its conquered territories (three reasons). |
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Definition
a. They didn’t destroy the cities they captured.
b. They put soldiers on their conquered land.
c. Built good, straight roads for easy access to conquered lands.
(You have to elaborate on the 3 reasons) |
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| What new enemy appeared south of Italy? |
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| named after Janus (God of beginnings) |
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| named after Julius Ceasar |
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| named after Augustus Ceasar |
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